榆神矿区最上可采煤层赋存规律及开采危害程度
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摘要
为研究榆神矿区最上可采煤层赋存及开采对萨拉乌苏组含水层危害程度,依次分析了榆神矿区最上可采煤层赋存特征、最上可采煤层与上覆主要含(隔)水层空间分布规律及组合类型,基于基载比和采高的最上可采煤层覆岩导水裂隙带发育规律、煤层开采对萨拉乌苏组含水层危害程度,将榆神矿区开采受危害程度分为4类:自然保水区、保水采煤区(影响大区和影响小区)、采煤失水区及采煤无水区。结果表明:受构造及剥蚀作用影响,榆神矿区最上可采煤层及上覆基岩呈差异剥蚀,煤露头线从SE向NW呈阶梯状分布,最上可采煤层上覆基岩由NW到SE方向逐渐变薄。榆神矿区西部(三、四期)最上可采煤层开采后对萨拉乌苏组含水层危害程度小或没影响;榆神矿区东部(一、二期)最上可采煤层开采后对萨拉乌苏组含水层危害程度大。
In order to study the occurrence regularity of uppermost mining coal seams and the damage degree of Salawusu Formation aquifer caused by mining in Yushen mining area, occurrence characteristics of the uppermost mining coal seams was analyzed, and spatial distribution law and combination of the uppermost mining coal seams overlying strata, the development law of the water flowing fractured zone based on the ratio of rock and loading thickness and mining height, and the damage degree of the Salawusu Formation aquifer caused by coal seam mining. The damage degree of the Salawusu Formation aquifer was divided into four kinds of damage degree zones:natural water-retaining zone, water-retaining mining zone(influencing large zone and influencing small zone), water-losing mining zone and coal mining waterless zone. The results showed that the uppermost mining coal seams outcrops in Yushen mining area were stepwise distributed from SE to NW, and the overlying bedrock residual gradually thinned from NW to SE, and the thinning tends to be the opposite of the strata dip direction. According to the research, it was concluded that the mining uppermost mining coal seams in the western part of the Yushen mining area(the third and fourth phase planning areas) had little or no impact on the Salawusu Formation aquifer;the eastern part of the Yushen mining area(the first and second phase planning areas) had high damage by uppermost coal seam mining.
In order to study the occurrence regularity of uppermost mining coal seams and the damage degree of Salawusu Formation aquifer caused by mining in Yushen mining area, occurrence characteristics of the uppermost mining coal seams was analyzed, and spatial distribution law and combination of the uppermost mining coal seams overlying strata, the development law of the water flowing fractured zone based on the ratio of rock and loading thickness and mining height, and the damage degree of the Salawusu Formation aquifer caused by coal seam mining. The damage degree of the Salawusu Formation aquifer was divided into four kinds of damage degree zones:natural water-retaining zone, water-retaining mining zone(influencing large zone and influencing small zone), water-losing mining zone and coal mining waterless zone. The results showed that the uppermost mining coal seams outcrops in Yushen mining area were stepwise distributed from SE to NW, and the overlying bedrock residual gradually thinned from NW to SE, and the thinning tends to be the opposite of the strata dip direction. According to the research, it was concluded that the mining uppermost mining coal seams in the western part of the Yushen mining area(the third and fourth phase planning areas) had little or no impact on the Salawusu Formation aquifer;the eastern part of the Yushen mining area(the first and second phase planning areas) had high damage by uppermost coal seam mining.
引文
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[22]陈瑞银,罗晓容,陈占坤,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中生代地层剥蚀量估算及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2006,80(5):685-693.CHEN Ruiyin,LUO Xiaorong,CHEN Zhankun,et al.Estimation of denudation thickness of Mesozoic strata in the Ordos basin and its geological significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(5):685-693.
[23]李超峰,虎维岳,王云宏,等.煤层顶板导水裂缝带高度综合探查技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(1):101-107.LI Chaofeng,HU Weiyue,WANG Yunhong,et al.Comprehensive detection technique for coal seam roof water flowing fractured zone height[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(1):101-107.
[24]冯洁,王苏健,陈通,等.生态脆弱矿区土层中导水裂缝带发育高度研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(1):97-100.FENG Jie,WANG Sujian,CHEN Tong,et al.Height of water flowing fractured zone of soil layer in the ecologically fragile mining area[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(1):97-100.
[25]黄庆享.浅埋薄基岩长壁开采顶板结构及岩层控制研究[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000.
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[27]赵兵朝.榆神府矿区保水开采覆岩导水裂缝带发育高度研究[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2016.
[2]范立民.保水采煤的科学内涵[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):27-35.FAN Limin.Scientific connotation of water-preserved mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):27-35.
[3]黄庆享.浅埋煤层保水开采岩层控制研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):50-55.HUANG Qingxiang.Research on roof control of water conservation mining in shallow seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):50-55.
[4]王双明,黄庆享,范立民,等.生态脆弱矿区含(隔)水层特征及保水开采分区研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):7-14.WANG Shuangming,HUANG Qingxiang,FAN Limin,et al.Study on overburden aquclude and water protection mining regionazation in the ecological fragile mining area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(1):7-14.
[5]武强,申建军,王洋.“煤-水”双资源型矿井开采技术方法与工程应用[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):8-16.WU Qiang,SHEN Jianjun,WANG Yang.Mining techniques and engineering application for“Coal-Water”dual-resources mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):8-16.
[6]中国煤田地质总局主编.中国西部侏罗纪煤田(榆神府矿区)保水采煤与环境地质综合研究[R].北京:中国煤田地质总局,1996.
[7]陕西省煤田地质局主编.陕西省榆神矿区保水采煤研究[R].西安:陕西省煤田地质局,2003.
[8]王双明,杜华栋,王生全.神木北部采煤塌陷区土壤与植被损害过程及机理分析[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):17-26.WANG Shuangming,DU Huadong,WANG Shengquan.Analysis of damage process and mechanism for plant communityand soil properties at northern Shenmu subsidence mining area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):17-26.
[9]王双明,范立民,黄庆享,等.榆神矿区煤水地质条件及保水开采[J].西安科技大学学报,2010,30(1):1-6.WANG Shuangming,FAN Limin,HUANG Qingxiang,et al.Coal water geological conditions and water conserving miningfor Yushen coal mine area[J].Journal of Xi’an University ofScience and Technology,2010,30(1):1-6.
[10]西安科技大学主编.陕北生态脆弱矿区煤水地质特征及科学开采研究[R].西安:西安科技大学,2008.
[11]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心.西北地区不同类型矿产开发环境地质研究报告[R].西安:中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,2002.
[12]陕西省地质调查中心.浅埋煤层开采水资源动态及保护技术研究[R].西安:陕西省地质调查中心,2012.
[13]王双明,黄庆享,范立民,等.生态脆弱区煤炭开发与生态水位保护[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:67-106.
[14]李智学,李明培,申小龙,等.榆神矿区基岩顶面土层缺失机理分析及其防治水意义[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(6):102-107.LI Zhixue,LI Mingpei,SHEN Xiaolong,et al.Genetic analysis of the bedrock top surface soil layer deletion and its significance for water prevention in Yushen mining area[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(6):102-107.
[15]李明培,苗霖田,王东东,等.陕北中鸡南部2号煤组赋存特征及沉积解释[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(9):161-166.LI Mingpei,MIAO Lintian,WANG Dongdong,et al.Deposition features and sedimentary explanation of No.2 seam group in south Zhongji of northern Shaanxi[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(9):161-166.
[16]王双明.鄂尔多斯盆地叠合演化及构造对成煤作用的控制[J].地学前缘,2017,24(2):54-63.WANG Shuangming.Ordos basin superposed evolution and structural controls of coal forming activities[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2017,24(2):54-63.
[17]王双明.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化和构造控煤作用[J].地质通报,2011,30(4):544-552.WANG Shuangming.Ordos basin tectonic evolution and structural control of coal[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2011,30(4):544-552.
[18]徐黎明,周立发,张义楷,等.鄂尔多斯盆地构造应力场特征及其构造背景[J].大地构造与成矿学,2006,30(4):455-462.XU Liming,ZHOU Lifa,ZHANG Yikai,et al.Characteristics and tectonic setting of tectono-stress field of Ordos basin[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2006,30(4):455-462.
[19]李振宏,董树文,冯胜斌,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中-晚侏罗世构造事件的沉积响应[J].地球学报,2015,36(1):22-30.LI Zhenhong,DONG Shuwen,FENG Shengbin,et al.Sedimentary response to Middle-Late Jurassic tectonic events in the Ordos basin[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2015,36(1):22-30.
[20]张岳桥,廖昌珍,施炜,等.论鄂尔多斯盆地及其周缘侏罗纪变形[J].地学前缘,2007,14(2):182-196.ZHANG Yueqiao,LIAO Changzhen,SHI Wei,et al.On the Jurassic deformation in and around the Ordos basin,North China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(2):182-196.
[21]李明培,邵龙义,董大啸,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘泥质岩黏土矿物特征及其地质意义[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(2):39-44.LI Mingpei,SHAO Longyi,DONG Daxiao,et al.Clay mineral characteristics and its geological significance in argillaceous rock in eastern margin of Ordos basin[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(2):39-44.
[22]陈瑞银,罗晓容,陈占坤,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中生代地层剥蚀量估算及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2006,80(5):685-693.CHEN Ruiyin,LUO Xiaorong,CHEN Zhankun,et al.Estimation of denudation thickness of Mesozoic strata in the Ordos basin and its geological significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(5):685-693.
[23]李超峰,虎维岳,王云宏,等.煤层顶板导水裂缝带高度综合探查技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(1):101-107.LI Chaofeng,HU Weiyue,WANG Yunhong,et al.Comprehensive detection technique for coal seam roof water flowing fractured zone height[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(1):101-107.
[24]冯洁,王苏健,陈通,等.生态脆弱矿区土层中导水裂缝带发育高度研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(1):97-100.FENG Jie,WANG Sujian,CHEN Tong,et al.Height of water flowing fractured zone of soil layer in the ecologically fragile mining area[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(1):97-100.
[25]黄庆享.浅埋薄基岩长壁开采顶板结构及岩层控制研究[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2000.
[26]赵兵朝,同超,刘樟荣,等.西部生态脆弱区地表开采损害特征[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2017,48(11):2990-2997.ZHAO Bingchao,TONG Chao,LIU Zhangrong,et al.Characteristics of mining-induced surface damage in western ecological fragile region[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2017,48(11):2990-2997.
[27]赵兵朝.榆神府矿区保水开采覆岩导水裂缝带发育高度研究[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2016.
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