燃煤电厂湿法脱硫对PM_(2.5)和多环芳烃排放的影响
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摘要
采集了2个超低排放燃煤电厂湿法脱硫入口和出口的PM_(2.5)样品,分析了PM_(2.5)、水溶性离子和多环芳烃(PAHs)的排放规律。结果显示:电厂A和B脱硫出口的PM_(2.5)浓度分别为(2. 9±1. 2),(3. 4±2. 0) mg/m~3,脱硫系统对PM_(2.5)去除率分别为32. 6%和34. 6%;但PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子浓度明显增加,主要离子组分为SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-和NH_4~+。厂区内大气环境的PM_(2.5)浓度相比市区偏高34. 8%,建议对厂区内无组织源加强管理。脱硫出口的PAHs质量浓度分别为(494. 5±243. 9),(563. 2±310. 3) ng/m~3,脱硫系统对PAHs的去除率分别为52. 7%和60. 4%,且对中高环(5～6环)的PAHs去除效果要明显优于低环(2～3环)。WFGD系统前后烟气中的PAHs主要以中低环(2～4环)的组分为主,高环物种含量较少。
PM_(2.5) samples were collected at the inlet and outlet of the wet flue gas desulfurization( WFGD) in two ultra-low emission coal-fired power plants in this paper. The PM_(2.5) concentration, water-soluble ions, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) emissions were analyzed. Results demonstrated that the PM_(2.5) concentrations were( 2. 9±1. 2),( 3. 4±2. 0) mg/m~3 at the outlet of the WFGD in power plants A and B,respectively. The removal efficiencies of the WFGD system on PM_(2.5) were 32. 6% and 34. 6% for power plants A and B,respectively. However,the water-soluble ions in PM_(2.5) increased obviously. The main increased ions were SO_4~(2-),Cl~-,and NH_4~+. PM_(2.5) concentration in the atmospheric environment in power plant was 34. 8% higher than that in the urban area. Therefore,the fugitive emission sources in power plant should be emphasized in the management. The PAHs concentrations at the outlet of the WFGD were( 494. 5±243. 9),( 563. 2±310. 3)ng/m~3. The removal efficiency of the WFGD system on PAHs were 52. 7% and 60. 4% for power plants A and B,respectively.The removal efficiencies on 5-and 6-ring PAHs were higher than 2-and 3-ring PAHs. The 2-,3-,and 4-ring PAHs were the main components in the flue gas in the inlet and outlet of the WFGD system,while the 5-and 6-ring PAHs concentrations was comparatively lower.
PM_(2.5) samples were collected at the inlet and outlet of the wet flue gas desulfurization( WFGD) in two ultra-low emission coal-fired power plants in this paper. The PM_(2.5) concentration, water-soluble ions, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) emissions were analyzed. Results demonstrated that the PM_(2.5) concentrations were( 2. 9±1. 2),( 3. 4±2. 0) mg/m~3 at the outlet of the WFGD in power plants A and B,respectively. The removal efficiencies of the WFGD system on PM_(2.5) were 32. 6% and 34. 6% for power plants A and B,respectively. However,the water-soluble ions in PM_(2.5) increased obviously. The main increased ions were SO_4~(2-),Cl~-,and NH_4~+. PM_(2.5) concentration in the atmospheric environment in power plant was 34. 8% higher than that in the urban area. Therefore,the fugitive emission sources in power plant should be emphasized in the management. The PAHs concentrations at the outlet of the WFGD were( 494. 5±243. 9),( 563. 2±310. 3)ng/m~3. The removal efficiency of the WFGD system on PAHs were 52. 7% and 60. 4% for power plants A and B,respectively.The removal efficiencies on 5-and 6-ring PAHs were higher than 2-and 3-ring PAHs. The 2-,3-,and 4-ring PAHs were the main components in the flue gas in the inlet and outlet of the WFGD system,while the 5-and 6-ring PAHs concentrations was comparatively lower.
引文
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[20]李杏茹,白羽,陈曦,等.北京冬季重污染过程大气细颗粒物化学组成特征及来源分析[J].环境化学,2018,37(11):67-79.
[21]刘盈盈,殷宝辉,王静,等.济南冬季大气重污染过程颗粒物组分变化特征[J].环境化学,2018,37(12):2749-2757.
[22]黄凡,陈楠,周家斌,等. 2016—2017年武汉市城区大气PM2. 5污染特征及来源解析[J].中国环境监测,2019,35(1):17-25.
[23]田莎莎,张显,卞思思,等.沈阳市PM2. 5污染组分特征及其来源解析[J].中国环境科学,2019,39(2):487-496.
[24]郭振东,朱彬,王红磊,等.长江三角洲霾天气PM2. 5中水溶性离子特征及来源解析[J].中国环境科学,2019,39(3):928-938.
[2] Tong D,Zhang Q,Liu F,et al. Current emissions and future mitigation pathways of coal-fired power plants in China from 2010to 2030[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2018,52:12905-12914.
[3]洪沁,常宏宏.典型时段西南地区PM2. 5及组分污染特征[J].环境工程,2018,36(4):108-112.
[4]寿春晖,祁志福,谢尉扬,等.低低温电除尘器颗粒物脱除特性的工程应用试验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(16):4326-4332.
[5] Qi Z F,Li J W,Wu D L,et al. Particulate matter emission characteristics and removal efficiencies of a low-low temperature electrostatic precipitator[J]. Energy Fuel,2017,31(2):1741-1746.
[6]沈志刚,刘启贞,陶雷行,等.湿式电除尘器对烟气中颗粒物的去除特性[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(5):2557-2561.
[7]刘含笑,姚宇平,郦建国,等.燃煤电厂WESP颗粒物脱除机制及排放特征研究[J].中国电力,2017,50(12):178-184.
[8] Zhang Y,Yang J P,Yu X H,et al. Migration and emission characteristics of Hg in coal-fired power plant of China with ultra low emission air pollution control devices[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,2017,158:272-280.
[9] Wu B B,Tian H Z,Hao Y,et al. Effects of wet flue gas desulfurization and wet electrostatic precipitators on emission characteristics of particulate matter and its ionic compositions from four 300 MW level ultralow coal-fired power plants[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2018,52:14015-14026.
[10]陈浩,骆仲泱,江建平,等.电厂湿法烟气脱硫颗粒物排放特性的实验研究[J].动力工程学报,2017,37(11):925-937.
[11]王珲,宋蔷,姚强,等.电厂湿法脱硫系统对烟气中细颗粒物脱除作用的实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(5):1-7.
[12]潘丹萍,吴昊,鲍静静,等.电厂湿法脱硫系统对烟气中细颗粒物及SO3酸雾脱除作用研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(16):4356-4362.
[13] Xu Y S,Liu X W,Cui J,et al. Field measurements on the emission and removal of PM2. 5from coal-fired power stations:4.PM removal performance of wet electrostatic precipitators[J].Energy Fuel,2016,30(9):7465-7473.
[14] Li Z,Jiang J K,Ma Z Z,et al. Influence of flue gas desulfurization(FGD)installations on emission characteristics of PM2. 5from coalfired power plants equipped with selective catalytic reduction(SCR)[J]. Environmental Pollution,2017,230:655-662.
[15]信晓颖,朱文韬,胡妲.湿法脱硫装置对多环芳烃排放特性的影响[J].华电技术,2018,40(8):74-80.
[16]赵承美,赵新富,孙俊民,等.燃煤电厂排放可吸入颗粒物中多环芳烃的分布特征[J].信阳师范学院学报(自然科学版),2008,21(2):203-205.
[17]李小龙,周道斌,段玖祥,等.超低排放下燃煤电厂颗粒物排放特征分析研究[J].中国环境监测,2018,34(3):45-50.
[18] Liu F,Zhang Q,Tong D,et al. High-resolution inventory of technologies,activities,and emissions of coal-fired power plants in China from 1990 to 2010[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2015,15(13):18787-18837.
[19] Meij R,Winkel B. The emissions and environmental impact of PM10and trace elements from a modern coal-fired power plant equipped with ESP and wet FGD[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,2004,85:641-656.
[20]李杏茹,白羽,陈曦,等.北京冬季重污染过程大气细颗粒物化学组成特征及来源分析[J].环境化学,2018,37(11):67-79.
[21]刘盈盈,殷宝辉,王静,等.济南冬季大气重污染过程颗粒物组分变化特征[J].环境化学,2018,37(12):2749-2757.
[22]黄凡,陈楠,周家斌,等. 2016—2017年武汉市城区大气PM2. 5污染特征及来源解析[J].中国环境监测,2019,35(1):17-25.
[23]田莎莎,张显,卞思思,等.沈阳市PM2. 5污染组分特征及其来源解析[J].中国环境科学,2019,39(2):487-496.
[24]郭振东,朱彬,王红磊,等.长江三角洲霾天气PM2. 5中水溶性离子特征及来源解析[J].中国环境科学,2019,39(3):928-938.
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