广东汕头南澳和福建东山浮筏的蜈蚣藻属调查
|
摘要
为促进蜈蚣藻属(Grateloupia)藻类的开发利用,为其食用和加工提供参考,该研究于2018年1—4月间每月1次对广东汕头南澳和福建东山浮筏上的蜈蚣藻属种类组成、生物量、生长环境及不同种类不同生长时期的口感进行了调查。结果显示,调查点的水温和水流速度分别为19～23℃和0.039～0.985 m·s~(-1),福建东山的流速较汕头南澳的大。采用培养观察形态变化、藻体切片以及rbcL序列分析相结合的方法判断这两处浮筏上的蜈蚣藻属为披针形蜈蚣藻(G. lanceolata)、带形蜈蚣藻(G. turuturu)、台湾蜈蚣藻(G. taiwanensis)、肉质蜈蚣藻(G. carnosa)、舌状蜈蚣藻(G. livida)、海门蜈蚣藻(G. haimensis)、长枝蜈蚣藻(G. prolongata)和稀疏蜈蚣藻(G. sparsa)。披针形蜈蚣藻和带形蜈蚣藻为优势种,两者最高生物量分别达到901.26 g·m~(-1)和352.9 g·m~(-1)。水流速度较大地方生长的披针形蜈蚣藻藻体较长(可达142 cm)。长枝蜈蚣藻和带形蜈蚣藻口感最差;披针形蜈蚣藻、舌状蜈蚣藻的口感最好,这2种仅在4月质地变硬时口感略差。披针形蜈蚣藻生物量多、藻体大且食用口感好,是值得加工为海洋蔬菜的优良种类。
In order to promote the development and utilization of Grateloupia and provide reference for its food and processing, we investigated the species composition, biomass, growth environment and mouthfeel of Grateloupia on floating rafts in Nan'ao,Shantou, Guangdong Province and Dongshan, Fujian Province once a month from January to April 2018. The results show that the water velocity and temperature were 0.039-0.985 m·s~(–1) and 19-23 ℃, respectively, and the water velocity in Dongshan was greater than that in Nan'ao. By morphology, cross-section and rbcL sequence analyses of the samples collected from the floating raft, we found eight Grateloupia species(G.lanceolata, G. turuturu, G.taiwanensis, G.carnosa, G.livida, G. haimensis,G. prolongata and G. sparsa). The dominant species were G. lanceolata and G. turuturu whose highest biomass were 901.26 g·m~(–1) and 352.9 g·m~(–1), respectively. G. lanceolata that grew with higher water velocity had longer body length that could reach 142 cm.The mouthfeel of G. turuturu and G. prolongata was the worst but that of G. lanceolata and G. livida was the best. G. lanceolata and G. livida had better mouthfeel in January to March than in April. It is worth developing G. lanceolata as marine vegetable for its bigger biomass, size and its better mouthfeel.
In order to promote the development and utilization of Grateloupia and provide reference for its food and processing, we investigated the species composition, biomass, growth environment and mouthfeel of Grateloupia on floating rafts in Nan'ao,Shantou, Guangdong Province and Dongshan, Fujian Province once a month from January to April 2018. The results show that the water velocity and temperature were 0.039-0.985 m·s~(–1) and 19-23 ℃, respectively, and the water velocity in Dongshan was greater than that in Nan'ao. By morphology, cross-section and rbcL sequence analyses of the samples collected from the floating raft, we found eight Grateloupia species(G.lanceolata, G. turuturu, G.taiwanensis, G.carnosa, G.livida, G. haimensis,G. prolongata and G. sparsa). The dominant species were G. lanceolata and G. turuturu whose highest biomass were 901.26 g·m~(–1) and 352.9 g·m~(–1), respectively. G. lanceolata that grew with higher water velocity had longer body length that could reach 142 cm.The mouthfeel of G. turuturu and G. prolongata was the worst but that of G. lanceolata and G. livida was the best. G. lanceolata and G. livida had better mouthfeel in January to March than in April. It is worth developing G. lanceolata as marine vegetable for its bigger biomass, size and its better mouthfeel.
引文
[1]夏邦美.中国海藻志.第二卷,红藻门.第三册,石花菜目隐丝藻目胭脂藻目[M].北京:科学出版社, 2004:81-139.
[2]PENG C, DING H Y, TANG Z H, et al. Molecular grouping of Grateloupia tissues collected along Chinese coast and microsatellite diversity analysis of G. asiatica[J]. J Ocean Univ China, 2018,17(4):925-931.
[3]丁兰平,黄冰心,王宏伟.中国海洋红藻门新分类系统[J].广西科学, 2015(2):164-188.
[4]李卫东,吴茜,蒋丹,等.蜈蚣藻属海藻的应用及人工养殖前景展望[J].河北渔业, 2012(11):48-54.
[5]方玉春,赵峡,王顺春.蜈蚣藻药用研究进展[J].中国海洋药物,2011, 30(2):58-61.
[6]林江崑.蜈蚣藻的养殖[J].中國水產(台湾), 1992(482):63-65.
[7]右田清治.座の再生による紅藻ムカデノリの養殖[J].日本水産学会誌, 1988, 54(11):1923-1927.
[8]ADHARINI R I, KIM H G. Developmental pattern of crust into upright thalli of Grateloupia asiatica(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta)[J]. J Appl Phycol, 2014, 26(4):1911-1918.
[9]张泽宇,魏海霞,韩余香,等.蜈蚣藻盘状体诱导丝状体及其采苗的初步研究[J].大连水产学院学报, 2007, 22(3):164-169.
[10]陈伟洲,宋志民,黄中坚.温度、光照强度对舌状蜈蚣藻早期发育的影响[J].南方水产科学, 2013, 9(6):14-19.
[11]王宏伟,刘雨薇,王晨,等.亚洲蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia asiatica Kawaguchi et Wang)的个体生态学研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 40(1):83-88.
[12]陈素文,张文文,郭永坚,等.水流和光照条件对舌状蜈蚣藻果孢子萌发生长的影响[J].渔业科学进展, 2017, 38(6):112-118.
[13]TANG L, CHEN Y C, JIANG Z B, et al. Purification, partial characterization and bioactivity of sulfated polysaccharides from Grateloupia livida[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2017, 94:642-652.
[14]KANIMOZHI S, SRIDHAR S. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of ethyl acetate extract from the thallus of Grateloupia doryphora collected from kovalum seashore, Tamilnadu[J]. Int J Curr Res, 2017, 9(3):47846-47852.
[15]WANG H W, GUAN Y, ZHAO F Q, et al. Grateloupia huanghaiensis sp. nov.(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta), a peculiar new species from China[J]. Mar Biol Res, 2015, 11(4):396-404.
[16]YANG M Y, KIM M S. Taxonomy of Grateloupia(Halymeniales, Rhodophyta)by DNA barcode marker analyis and a description of Pachymeniopsis volvita sp. nov[J]. J Appl Phycol,2015, 27(3):1373-1384.
[17]李芳,姜朋,赵树雨,等.帚状蜈蚣藻的修订研究——基于形态观察和rbcL序列分析[J].水生生物学报, 2016, 40(6):1249-1256.
[18]刘芳,田伊林,王宏伟.对枝蜈蚣藻的修订研究——基于形态特征和基因序列分析[J].水生生物学报, 2017, 41(6):1273-1281.
[19]王宏伟,戚贵成.辽宁沿海蜈蚣藻属的初步研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 32(2):231-234.
[20]李颖博,马家海,孙彬,等.东海枸杞岛蜈蚣藻属形态学与分子生物学的初步研究[J].海洋渔业, 2015, 37(3):215-222.
[21]陈素文,冯彬,李婷,等.蜈蚣藻属生物学及养殖研究进展[J].南方水产科学, 2019, 15(1):119-123.
[22]YANG M Y, HAN E G, KIM M S. Molecular identification of Grateloupia elliptica and G. lanceolata(Rhodophyta)inferred from plastid rbcL and mitochondrial COI genes sequence data[J].Genes Genom, 2013, 35(2):239-246.
[23]依朋,宋学文,娄宇,等.海南新纪录种台湾蜈蚣藻(红藻门)的形态学观察和rbcL与COI基因序列分析[J].海洋与湖沼, 2018,49(3):604-613.
[24]DEPRIEST M S, LóPEZ-BAUTISTA J M. Sequencing of the rbcL marker reveals the nonnative red alga Grateloupia taiwanensis(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta)in Alabama[J]. Gulf Mexico Sci, 2012, 30(1/2):7-13.
[25]LIN S M, LIANG H Y, HOMMERSAND M H. Two types of auxiliary cell ampullae in Grateloupia(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta), including G. taiwanensis sp. nov. and G. orientalis sp.nov. from Taiwan based on rbcL gene sequence analysis and cystocarp development[J]. J Phycologia, 2008, 44(1):196-214.
[26]KRAEMER G, YARISH C, KIM J K, et al. Life history interactions between the red algae Chondrus crispus(Gigartinales)and Grateloupia turuturu(Halymeniales)in a changing global environment[J]. Phycologia, 2017, 56(2):176-185.
[27]MILLER K A, HUGHEY J R, GABRIELSON P W. First report of the Japanese species Grateloupia lanceolata(Halymeniaceae,Rhodophyta)from California, USA[J]. Phycol Res, 2009, 57(3):238-241.
[28]BOLTON J J, de CLERCK O, FRANCIS C M, et al. Two newly discovered Grateloupia(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta)species on aquaculture rafts on the west coast of South Africa, including the widely introduced Grateloupia turuturu[J]. Phycologia, 2016,55(6):659-664.
[29]MONTES M, RICO J M, GARCíA-VAZQUEZ E, et al. Molecular barcoding confirms the presence of exotic Asian seaweeds(Pachymeniopsis gargiuli and Grateloupia turuturu)in the Cantabrian Sea, Bay of Biscay[J]. PeerJ, 2017, 5:e3116.
[30]田伊林,刘雨薇,王宏伟.披针形蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia lanceolata)的早期发育及其生活史[J].海洋与湖沼, 2017, 48(1):113-121.
[31]白凯强,韩军军,林庆莹,等.不同养殖密度对紫贻贝和披针形蜈蚣藻生态混养的影响[J].海洋渔业, 2017, 39(4):454-462.
[2]PENG C, DING H Y, TANG Z H, et al. Molecular grouping of Grateloupia tissues collected along Chinese coast and microsatellite diversity analysis of G. asiatica[J]. J Ocean Univ China, 2018,17(4):925-931.
[3]丁兰平,黄冰心,王宏伟.中国海洋红藻门新分类系统[J].广西科学, 2015(2):164-188.
[4]李卫东,吴茜,蒋丹,等.蜈蚣藻属海藻的应用及人工养殖前景展望[J].河北渔业, 2012(11):48-54.
[5]方玉春,赵峡,王顺春.蜈蚣藻药用研究进展[J].中国海洋药物,2011, 30(2):58-61.
[6]林江崑.蜈蚣藻的养殖[J].中國水產(台湾), 1992(482):63-65.
[7]右田清治.座の再生による紅藻ムカデノリの養殖[J].日本水産学会誌, 1988, 54(11):1923-1927.
[8]ADHARINI R I, KIM H G. Developmental pattern of crust into upright thalli of Grateloupia asiatica(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta)[J]. J Appl Phycol, 2014, 26(4):1911-1918.
[9]张泽宇,魏海霞,韩余香,等.蜈蚣藻盘状体诱导丝状体及其采苗的初步研究[J].大连水产学院学报, 2007, 22(3):164-169.
[10]陈伟洲,宋志民,黄中坚.温度、光照强度对舌状蜈蚣藻早期发育的影响[J].南方水产科学, 2013, 9(6):14-19.
[11]王宏伟,刘雨薇,王晨,等.亚洲蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia asiatica Kawaguchi et Wang)的个体生态学研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 40(1):83-88.
[12]陈素文,张文文,郭永坚,等.水流和光照条件对舌状蜈蚣藻果孢子萌发生长的影响[J].渔业科学进展, 2017, 38(6):112-118.
[13]TANG L, CHEN Y C, JIANG Z B, et al. Purification, partial characterization and bioactivity of sulfated polysaccharides from Grateloupia livida[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2017, 94:642-652.
[14]KANIMOZHI S, SRIDHAR S. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of ethyl acetate extract from the thallus of Grateloupia doryphora collected from kovalum seashore, Tamilnadu[J]. Int J Curr Res, 2017, 9(3):47846-47852.
[15]WANG H W, GUAN Y, ZHAO F Q, et al. Grateloupia huanghaiensis sp. nov.(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta), a peculiar new species from China[J]. Mar Biol Res, 2015, 11(4):396-404.
[16]YANG M Y, KIM M S. Taxonomy of Grateloupia(Halymeniales, Rhodophyta)by DNA barcode marker analyis and a description of Pachymeniopsis volvita sp. nov[J]. J Appl Phycol,2015, 27(3):1373-1384.
[17]李芳,姜朋,赵树雨,等.帚状蜈蚣藻的修订研究——基于形态观察和rbcL序列分析[J].水生生物学报, 2016, 40(6):1249-1256.
[18]刘芳,田伊林,王宏伟.对枝蜈蚣藻的修订研究——基于形态特征和基因序列分析[J].水生生物学报, 2017, 41(6):1273-1281.
[19]王宏伟,戚贵成.辽宁沿海蜈蚣藻属的初步研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 32(2):231-234.
[20]李颖博,马家海,孙彬,等.东海枸杞岛蜈蚣藻属形态学与分子生物学的初步研究[J].海洋渔业, 2015, 37(3):215-222.
[21]陈素文,冯彬,李婷,等.蜈蚣藻属生物学及养殖研究进展[J].南方水产科学, 2019, 15(1):119-123.
[22]YANG M Y, HAN E G, KIM M S. Molecular identification of Grateloupia elliptica and G. lanceolata(Rhodophyta)inferred from plastid rbcL and mitochondrial COI genes sequence data[J].Genes Genom, 2013, 35(2):239-246.
[23]依朋,宋学文,娄宇,等.海南新纪录种台湾蜈蚣藻(红藻门)的形态学观察和rbcL与COI基因序列分析[J].海洋与湖沼, 2018,49(3):604-613.
[24]DEPRIEST M S, LóPEZ-BAUTISTA J M. Sequencing of the rbcL marker reveals the nonnative red alga Grateloupia taiwanensis(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta)in Alabama[J]. Gulf Mexico Sci, 2012, 30(1/2):7-13.
[25]LIN S M, LIANG H Y, HOMMERSAND M H. Two types of auxiliary cell ampullae in Grateloupia(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta), including G. taiwanensis sp. nov. and G. orientalis sp.nov. from Taiwan based on rbcL gene sequence analysis and cystocarp development[J]. J Phycologia, 2008, 44(1):196-214.
[26]KRAEMER G, YARISH C, KIM J K, et al. Life history interactions between the red algae Chondrus crispus(Gigartinales)and Grateloupia turuturu(Halymeniales)in a changing global environment[J]. Phycologia, 2017, 56(2):176-185.
[27]MILLER K A, HUGHEY J R, GABRIELSON P W. First report of the Japanese species Grateloupia lanceolata(Halymeniaceae,Rhodophyta)from California, USA[J]. Phycol Res, 2009, 57(3):238-241.
[28]BOLTON J J, de CLERCK O, FRANCIS C M, et al. Two newly discovered Grateloupia(Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta)species on aquaculture rafts on the west coast of South Africa, including the widely introduced Grateloupia turuturu[J]. Phycologia, 2016,55(6):659-664.
[29]MONTES M, RICO J M, GARCíA-VAZQUEZ E, et al. Molecular barcoding confirms the presence of exotic Asian seaweeds(Pachymeniopsis gargiuli and Grateloupia turuturu)in the Cantabrian Sea, Bay of Biscay[J]. PeerJ, 2017, 5:e3116.
[30]田伊林,刘雨薇,王宏伟.披针形蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia lanceolata)的早期发育及其生活史[J].海洋与湖沼, 2017, 48(1):113-121.
[31]白凯强,韩军军,林庆莹,等.不同养殖密度对紫贻贝和披针形蜈蚣藻生态混养的影响[J].海洋渔业, 2017, 39(4):454-462.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |