西瓜连作对根际微生物群落的影响
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摘要
为明确根际微生物群落演替变化与西瓜连作之间的关系,调查2014—2016年连续3 a(年)种植西瓜的产量和发病情况,并利用Illumina Miseq平台对连作西瓜根际土壤微生物群落进行扩增子测序分析。结果表明,连续3 a种植西瓜其产量显著降低而枯萎病发病率和病情指数显著提高。不同种植年限根际微生物群落多样性存在显著差异,西瓜的连年种植打破了其根际微生物群落原有的平衡,使得细菌群落多样性下降而真菌群落多样性上升。在门水平上,Proteobacteria、Acidobacteria和Ascomycota的相对丰度升高,而Firmicutes、Actinobacteria、Gemmatimonadetes和Chytridiomycota的相对丰度下降。在属水平上,Bacillus,Lysobacter与Pseudomonas等许多有益微生物相对丰度降低而病原菌所在的Fusarium相对丰度增加,最终表现为西瓜枯萎病爆发,产量降低。
Watermelon rhizosphere soil were taken as the experiment objectives, we explored the relationship between rhizosphere microbial communities and continuous cropping. The relationships between yield and disease of watermelon from 2014 to 2016 were investigated. Nine soil samples from three years were sequenced using Illumina Miseq. The continuous cropping decreased the yield, increased the disease incidence and disease index. The diversity of rhizosphere microbial communities in different years were significant difference. The balance of rhizosphere microbial communities was broken because of continuous cropping of watermelon, which resulted the reduction of bacteria community diversity and the increase of fungal community diversity. At the phyla level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria and Ascomycota increased, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes and Chytridiomycota decreased. At the genus level, some beneficial microbes like Bacillus, Lysobacter, and Pseudomonas decreased and pathogenic microbes(Fusarium) increased. Finally, the Fusarium wilt outbroke and the yield decreased.
Watermelon rhizosphere soil were taken as the experiment objectives, we explored the relationship between rhizosphere microbial communities and continuous cropping. The relationships between yield and disease of watermelon from 2014 to 2016 were investigated. Nine soil samples from three years were sequenced using Illumina Miseq. The continuous cropping decreased the yield, increased the disease incidence and disease index. The diversity of rhizosphere microbial communities in different years were significant difference. The balance of rhizosphere microbial communities was broken because of continuous cropping of watermelon, which resulted the reduction of bacteria community diversity and the increase of fungal community diversity. At the phyla level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria and Ascomycota increased, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes and Chytridiomycota decreased. At the genus level, some beneficial microbes like Bacillus, Lysobacter, and Pseudomonas decreased and pathogenic microbes(Fusarium) increased. Finally, the Fusarium wilt outbroke and the yield decreased.
引文
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[26]FANG S,LIU D,TIAN Y,et al.Tree species composition influences enzyme activities and microbial biomass in the rhizosphere:a rhizobox approach[J].PloS One,2013,8(4):e61461.
[27]CAPORASO J G,LAUBER C L,WALTERS W A,et al.Global patterns of 16S rRNA diversity at a depth of millions of sequences per sample[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2011,108(S1):4516-4522.
[28]宋顺华,吴萍,邢宝田,等.多粘类芽胞杆菌WY110对西瓜枯萎病的控制作用[J].植物保护学报,2011,38(6):571-572.
[29]IDRIS H A,LABUSCHAGNE N,KORSTEN L.Screening rhizobacteria for biological control of Fusarium root and crown rot of sorghum in Ethiopia[J].Biological Control,2007,40(1):97-106.
[30]RUMBERGER A,MERWIN I A,THIES J E.Microbial community development in the rhizosphere of apple trees at a replant disease site[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2007,39(7):1645-1654.
[31]LUO J,RAN W,HU J,et al.Application of bio-organic fertilizer significantly affected fungal diversity of soils[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2010,74(6):2039-2048.
[32]SHEN Z Z,RUAN Y Z,CHAO X,et al.Rhizosphere microbial community manipulated by 2 years of consecutive biofertilizer application associated with banana Fusarium wilt disease suppression[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2015,51(5):553-562.
[33]YANG J,RUEGGER P M,MCKENRY M V,et al.Correlations between root-associated microorganisms and peach replant disease symptoms in a California soil[J].PLoS One,2012,7(10):e46420.
[34]ZU C,LI Z G,YANG J F,et al.Acid soil is associated with reduced yield,root growth and nutrient uptake in black pepper(Piper nigrum L.)[J].Agricultural Sciences,2014,5(5):466-473.
[2]WU X,LI Z G,LIU H J,et al.The effect of long-term continuous cropping of black pepper on soil bacterial communities as determined by 454 pyrosequencing[J].PLoS One,2015,10(8):1-13.
[3]王森,段亚楠,孙申义,等.苹果连作土壤加入酒糟可减轻连作障碍[J].园艺学报,2017,44(6):1157-1166.
[4]黄春艳,卜元卿,单正军,等.西瓜连作病害机理及生物防治研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(6):1670-1676.
[5]LING N,XUE C,HUANG Q W,et al.Development of a mode of application of bioorganic fertilizer for improving the biocontrol efficacy to Fusarium wilt[J].BioControl,2010,55(5):673-683.
[6]ZHAO S,LIU D Y,LING N,et al.Bio-organic fertilizer application significantly reduces the Fusarium oxysporum population and alters the composition of fungi communities of watermelon Fusarium wilt rhizosphere soil[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2014,50(5):765-774.
[7]FAHEEM M,RAZA W,ZHONG W,et al.Evaluation of the biocontrol potential of Streptomyces goshikiensis YCXU against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum[J].Biological Control,2015,81:101-110.
[8]LI J G,REN G D,JIA Z J,et al.Composition and activity of rhizosphere microbial communities associated with healthy and diseased greenhouse tomatoes[J].Plant and Soil,2014,380(1/2):337-347.
[9]LING N,DENG K Y,SONG Y,et al.Variation of rhizosphere bacterial community in watermelon continuous mono-cropping soil by long-term application of a novel bioorganic fertilizer[J].Microbiological Research,2014,169(7/8):570-578.
[10]PHILIPPOT L,RAAIJMAKERS J M,LEMANCEAU P,et al.Going back to the roots:the microbial ecology of the rhizosphere[J].Nature Reviews Microbiology,2013,11(11):789-799.
[11]肖蓉,曹秋芬,聂园军,等.基于高通量测序患炭疽病草莓根际与健康草莓根际细菌群落的比较研究[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(11):14-20.
[12]LI C G,LI X M,KONG W D,et al.Effect of monoculture soybean on soil microbial community in the Northeast China[J].Plant Soil,2010,330(1/2):423-433.
[13]LIU X J,ZHANG S T,JIANG Q P,et al.Using community analysis to explore bacterial indicators for disease suppression of tobacco bacterial wilt[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:36773.
[14]郝海婷,王若愚,赵霞,等.基于高通量测序技术的堆肥对兰州百合根际微生物多样性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(3):437-447.
[15]WU H S,YANG X N,FAN J N,et al.Suppression of Fusarium wilt of watermelon by a bio-organic fertilizer containing combinations of antagonistic microorganisms[J].BioControl,2009,54(2):287-300.
[16]QIU M H,ZHANG R F,XUE C,et al.Application of bio-organic fertilizer can control Fusarium wilt of cucumber plants by regulating microbial community of rhizosphere soil[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2012,48(7):807-816.
[17]ZHAO Q Y,DONG C X,YANG X M,et al.Biocontrol of Fusarium wilt disease for Cucumis melo melon using bio-organic fertilizer[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2011,47(1):67-75.
[18]EDWARDS J,JOHNSON C,SANTOS-MEDELLíNA C,et al.Structure,variation,and assembly of the root-associated microbiomes of rice[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2015,112(8):911-920.
[19]KINKEL L L,BAKKER M G,SCHLATTER D C.A coevolutionary framework for managing disease-suppressive soils[J].Annual Review of Phytopathology,2011,49:47-67.
[20]XIONG W,ZHAO Q Y,ZHAO J,et al.Different continuous cropping spans significantly affect microbial community membership and structure in a vanilla-grown soil as revealed by deep pyrosequencing[J].Microbial Ecology,2015,70(1):209-218.
[21]LOZUPONE C,KNIGHT R.UniFrac:a new phylogenetic method for comparing microbial communities[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2005,71(12):8228-8235.
[22]ZHOU J H,WU L Y,DENG Y,et al.Reproducibility and quantitation of amplicon sequencing-based detection[J].ISME Journal,2011,5(8):1303-1313.
[23]CHEN L,XUN W B,SUN L,et al.Effect of different long-term fertilization regimes on the viral community in an agricultural soil of Southern China[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2014,62:121-126.
[24]SCHLOSS P D,GEVERS D,WESTCOTT S L.Reducing the effects of PCR amplification and sequencing artifacts on 16SrRNA-based studies[J].PloS One,2011,6(12):e27310.
[25]JANVIER C,VILLENEUVE F,ALABOUVETTE C,et al.Soil health through soil disease suppression:which strategy from descriptors to indicators[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2007,39(1):1-23.
[26]FANG S,LIU D,TIAN Y,et al.Tree species composition influences enzyme activities and microbial biomass in the rhizosphere:a rhizobox approach[J].PloS One,2013,8(4):e61461.
[27]CAPORASO J G,LAUBER C L,WALTERS W A,et al.Global patterns of 16S rRNA diversity at a depth of millions of sequences per sample[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2011,108(S1):4516-4522.
[28]宋顺华,吴萍,邢宝田,等.多粘类芽胞杆菌WY110对西瓜枯萎病的控制作用[J].植物保护学报,2011,38(6):571-572.
[29]IDRIS H A,LABUSCHAGNE N,KORSTEN L.Screening rhizobacteria for biological control of Fusarium root and crown rot of sorghum in Ethiopia[J].Biological Control,2007,40(1):97-106.
[30]RUMBERGER A,MERWIN I A,THIES J E.Microbial community development in the rhizosphere of apple trees at a replant disease site[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2007,39(7):1645-1654.
[31]LUO J,RAN W,HU J,et al.Application of bio-organic fertilizer significantly affected fungal diversity of soils[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2010,74(6):2039-2048.
[32]SHEN Z Z,RUAN Y Z,CHAO X,et al.Rhizosphere microbial community manipulated by 2 years of consecutive biofertilizer application associated with banana Fusarium wilt disease suppression[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2015,51(5):553-562.
[33]YANG J,RUEGGER P M,MCKENRY M V,et al.Correlations between root-associated microorganisms and peach replant disease symptoms in a California soil[J].PLoS One,2012,7(10):e46420.
[34]ZU C,LI Z G,YANG J F,et al.Acid soil is associated with reduced yield,root growth and nutrient uptake in black pepper(Piper nigrum L.)[J].Agricultural Sciences,2014,5(5):466-473.
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