汾河下游水体nirS型反硝化细菌群落组成与无机氮关系
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摘要
为了探明汾河下游水体中nir S型反硝化细菌群落结构组成及其与无机氮的相互影响关系,在分析河流9个水样水质指标的基础上,运用Illumina高通量测序技术对水样中的nir S型反硝化细菌群落结构和多样性进行诊断,并进行统计分析,解析水体nir S型反硝化细菌群落与无机氮之间的关系.结果表明,汾河下游无机氮污染严重,整体水质为Ⅴ类水标准.Shannon指数变化范围为3. 36～7. 54,说明该流域反硝化细菌群落多样性较高;水体中主导菌属相对丰度占总群落的89. 8%,分别为红细菌属Rhodobacter、假单胞菌属Pseudomonas和陶厄氏菌属Thauera; DO、p H值及无机氮含量是影响汾河下游水体反硝化细菌群落的主要因素;优势菌属红细菌属Rhodobacter、陶厄氏菌属Thauera与NO_3~--N、NO_2~--N呈负相关,与NH_4~+-N呈正相关,稷山、河津和入黄口这3处的主要菌属假单胞菌属Pseudomomas与NO_3~--N、NO_2~--N呈负相关,与NH_4~+-N呈正相关.汾河下游水体中nir S型反硝化细菌中的主要菌属促进了反硝化作用,对降低水体中硝态氮的含量有一定的影响.
In order to assess the waters of the lower reaches of the Fenhe River and the interaction with inorganic nitrogen,Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze samples based on the analysis of water quality indicators of nine rivers. The community structure and diversity of nir S-type denitrifying bacteria was diagnosed and statistical analysis was carried out to analyze the relationship between these communities and inorganic nitrogen content. The results show that the lower reaches of the Fenhe River are seriously polluted with inorganic nitrogen and the overall water quality standard was classified as V. The range of calculated Shannon index values was 3. 36-7. 54,indicating that the diversity of the denitrifying bacterial community is high in this basin. The relative abundance of the dominant genera represented 89. 8% of the total community,which included Rhodobacter,Pseudomonas,and Thauera. The DO,pH,and inorganic nitrogen content were the main factors affecting the denitrifying bacterial community in the lower reaches of the Fenhe River. The dominant genus,Rhodobacter,and the genus Thauera were negatively correlated with NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N,and were positively correlated with NH_4~+-N. Pseudodomomas was the dominant genus in the Jishan and Hejin areas,and in the Fenhe River feeding into the Yellow River,and was negatively correlated with NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N but positively correlated with NH_4~+-N. The dominant genera of nir S-type denitrifying bacteria in the lower reaches of the Fenhe River promote denitrification and play a role in reducing the content of nitrate nitrogen in the water.
In order to assess the waters of the lower reaches of the Fenhe River and the interaction with inorganic nitrogen,Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze samples based on the analysis of water quality indicators of nine rivers. The community structure and diversity of nir S-type denitrifying bacteria was diagnosed and statistical analysis was carried out to analyze the relationship between these communities and inorganic nitrogen content. The results show that the lower reaches of the Fenhe River are seriously polluted with inorganic nitrogen and the overall water quality standard was classified as V. The range of calculated Shannon index values was 3. 36-7. 54,indicating that the diversity of the denitrifying bacterial community is high in this basin. The relative abundance of the dominant genera represented 89. 8% of the total community,which included Rhodobacter,Pseudomonas,and Thauera. The DO,pH,and inorganic nitrogen content were the main factors affecting the denitrifying bacterial community in the lower reaches of the Fenhe River. The dominant genus,Rhodobacter,and the genus Thauera were negatively correlated with NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N,and were positively correlated with NH_4~+-N. Pseudodomomas was the dominant genus in the Jishan and Hejin areas,and in the Fenhe River feeding into the Yellow River,and was negatively correlated with NO_3~--N and NO_2~--N but positively correlated with NH_4~+-N. The dominant genera of nir S-type denitrifying bacteria in the lower reaches of the Fenhe River promote denitrification and play a role in reducing the content of nitrate nitrogen in the water.
引文
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[21]Quast C,Pruesse E,Yilmaz P,et al.The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project:improved data processing and webbased tools[J].Nucleic Acids Research,2013,41(D1):D590-D596.
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[24]Huang T L,Guo L,Zhang H H,et al.Nitrogen-removal efficiency of a novel aerobic denitrifying bacterium,Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZF31,isolated from a drinking-water reservoir[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,196:209-216.
[25]王春香,刘常敬,郑林雪,等.厌氧氨氧化耦合脱氮系统中反硝化细菌研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(7):1878-1883.Wang C X,Liu C J,Zheng L X,et al.Denitrifying bacteria of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing denitrifying system[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(7):1878-1883.
[26]Ma W J,Liu C S,Zhao D F,et al.Microbial characterization of denitrifying sulifde removal sludge using high-throughput amplicon sequencing method[J].China Petroleum Processing and Petrochemical Technology,2015,17(4):89-95.
[27]Yang J K,Cheng Z B,Li J,et al.Community composition of nir S-type denitrifier in a shallow Eutrophic Lake[J].Microbial Ecology,2013,66(4):796-805.
[28]Pardo L H,Kendall C,Pett-Ridge J,et al.Evaluating the source of streamwater nitrate usingδ15N andδ18O in nitrate in two watersheds in New Hampshire,USA[J].Hydrological Processes,2004,18(14):2699-2712.
[29]张华,胡鸿钧,晁爱敏,等.浙江紧水滩水库浮游植物群落结构季节变化特征[J].生态学报,2013,33(3):944-956.Zhang H,Hu H J,Chao A M,et al.Seasonal changes of phytoplankton community structure in Jinshuitan Reservoir,Zhejiang,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(3):944-956.
[30]Xia N,Xia X H,Liu T,et al.Characteristics of bacterial community in the water and surface sediment of the Yellow River,China,the largest turbid river in the world[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2014,14(11):1894-1904.
[31]洪璇,洪有为,陈仲巍,等.九龙江河口区nir S型反硝化细菌多样性及系统发育学分析[J].微生物学通报,2015,42(9):1639-1650.Hong X,Hong Y W,Chen Z W,et al.Phylogenetic diversity of nirS-type denitrifying bacteria in Jiulong River estuary[J].Microbiology China,2015,42(9):1639-1650.
[2]秦伯强,高光,朱广伟,等.湖泊富营养化及其生态系统响应[J].科学通报,2013,58(10):855-864.Qin B Q,Gao G,Zhu G W,et al.Lake eutrophication and its ecosystem response[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2013,58(9):961-970.
[3]郝利霞,孙然好,陈利顶.海河流域河流生态系统健康评价[J].环境科学,2014,35(10):3692-3701.Hao L X,Sun R H,Chen L D.Health assessment of river ecosystem in haihe river basin,China[J].Environmental Science,2014,35(10):3692-3701.
[4]Weijters M J,Janse J H,Alkemade R,et al.Quantifying the effect of catchment land use and water nutrient concentrations on freshwater river and stream biodiversity[J].Aquatic Conservation,2009,19(1):104-112.
[5]Nam Y D,Sung Y,Chang H W,et al.Characterization of the depth-related changes in the microbial communities in Lake Hovsgol sediment by 16S rRNA gene-based approaches[J].The Journal of Microbiology,2008,46(2):125-136.
[6]Xia X H,Zhou J S,Yang Z F.Nitrogen contamination in the Yellow River basin of China[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2002,31(3):917-925.
[7]Gao J,Hou L J,Zheng Y L,et al.nirS-Encoding denitrifier community composition,distribution,and abundance along the coastal wetlands of China[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2016,100(19):8573-8582.
[8]Yasumoto J,Yasumoto-Hirose M,Kudeken T,et al.Microbial community analysis of groundwater related to the denitrification in Ryukyu limestone aquifer[J].Journal of Groundwater Hydrology,2015,57(2):153-169.
[9]Wang Z,Zhang X X,Lu X,et al.Abundance and diversity of bacterial nitrifiers and denitrifiers and their functional genes in tannery wastewater treatment plants revealed by high-throughput sequencing[J].PLo S One,2014,9(11):e113603.
[10]魏佳明,崔丽娟,李伟,等.表流湿地细菌群落结构特征[J].环境科学,2016,37(11):4357-4365.Wei J M,Cui L J,Li W,et al.Characteristics of bacterial communities in surface-flow constructed wetlands[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(11):4357-4365.
[11]张雅洁,李珂,朱浩然,等.北海湖微生物群落结构随季节变化特征[J].环境科学,2017,38(8):3319-3329.Zhang Y J,Li K,Zhu H R,et al.Community structure of microorganisms and Its seasonal variation in Beihai Lake[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(8):3319-3329.
[12]陈兆进,丁传雨,朱静亚,等.丹江口水库枯水期浮游细菌群落组成及影响因素研究[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(1):336-344.Chen Z J,Ding C Y,Zhu J Y,et al.Community structure and influencing factors of bacterioplankton during low water periods in Danjiangkou Reservoir[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(1):336-344.
[13]Staley C,Johnson D,Gould T J,et al.Frequencies of heavy metal resistance are associated with land cover type in the Upper Mississippi River[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,511:461-468.
[14]刘睿,吴巍,周孝德,等.渭河浮游细菌群落结构特征及其关键驱动因子[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(3):934-944.Liu R,Wu W,Zhou X D,et al.Bacterioplankton community structure in Weihe River and its relationship with environmental factors[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2017,37(3):934-944.
[15]白洁,刘小沙,侯瑞,等.南海南部海域浮游细菌群落特征及影响因素研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(11):2950-2957.Bai J,Liu X S,Hou R,et al.Community structure and influencing factors of bacterioplankton in the southern South China Sea[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(11):2950-2957.
[16]姚炎红,王明霞,左小虎,等.典型油田多环芳烃污染对土壤反硝化微生物群落结构的影响[J].环境科学,2016,37(12):4750-4759.Yao Y H,Wang M X,Zuo X H,et al.Effects of PAHs pollution on the community structure of denitrifiers in a typical oilfield[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(12):4750-4759.
[17]赵昕燕,卞伟,侯爱月,等.季节性温度对短程硝化系统微生物群落的影响[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(4):1366-1374.Zhao X Y,Bian W,Hou A Y,et al.Characteristics of microbial community structure in the stable operation of the partial cut nitrification system with seasonal temperature[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(4):1366-1374.
[18]程建华,窦智勇,孙庆业.铜陵市河流沉积物中硝化和反硝化微生物分布特征[J].环境科学,2016,37(4):1362-1370.Cheng J H,Dou Z Y,Sun Q Y.Distribution characteristics of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in the river sediments of Tongling City[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(4):1362-1370.
[19]Chang C C Y,Kendall C,Silva S R,et al.Nitrate stable isotopes:tools for determining nitrate sources among different land uses in the Mississippi River Basin[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,2002,59(12):1874-1885.
[20]孟志龙,杨永刚,秦作栋,等.汾河下游流域水体硝酸盐污染过程同位素示踪[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(3):1066-1072.Meng Z L,Yang Y G,Qin Z D,et al.Isotopic tracing for nitrate pollution process of water body in the lower reaches of Fenhe River[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(3):1066-1072.
[21]Quast C,Pruesse E,Yilmaz P,et al.The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project:improved data processing and webbased tools[J].Nucleic Acids Research,2013,41(D1):D590-D596.
[22]Oberauner L,Zachow C,Lackner S,et al.The ignored diversity:complex bacterial communities in intensive care units revealed by 16S pyrosequencing[J].Scientific Reports,2013,3:1413.
[23]Jami E,Israel A,Kotser A,et al.Exploring the bovine rumen bacterial community from birth to adulthood[J].The ISMEJournal,2013,7(6):1069-1079.
[24]Huang T L,Guo L,Zhang H H,et al.Nitrogen-removal efficiency of a novel aerobic denitrifying bacterium,Pseudomonas stutzeri strain ZF31,isolated from a drinking-water reservoir[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,196:209-216.
[25]王春香,刘常敬,郑林雪,等.厌氧氨氧化耦合脱氮系统中反硝化细菌研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(7):1878-1883.Wang C X,Liu C J,Zheng L X,et al.Denitrifying bacteria of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing denitrifying system[J].China Environmental Science,2014,34(7):1878-1883.
[26]Ma W J,Liu C S,Zhao D F,et al.Microbial characterization of denitrifying sulifde removal sludge using high-throughput amplicon sequencing method[J].China Petroleum Processing and Petrochemical Technology,2015,17(4):89-95.
[27]Yang J K,Cheng Z B,Li J,et al.Community composition of nir S-type denitrifier in a shallow Eutrophic Lake[J].Microbial Ecology,2013,66(4):796-805.
[28]Pardo L H,Kendall C,Pett-Ridge J,et al.Evaluating the source of streamwater nitrate usingδ15N andδ18O in nitrate in two watersheds in New Hampshire,USA[J].Hydrological Processes,2004,18(14):2699-2712.
[29]张华,胡鸿钧,晁爱敏,等.浙江紧水滩水库浮游植物群落结构季节变化特征[J].生态学报,2013,33(3):944-956.Zhang H,Hu H J,Chao A M,et al.Seasonal changes of phytoplankton community structure in Jinshuitan Reservoir,Zhejiang,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(3):944-956.
[30]Xia N,Xia X H,Liu T,et al.Characteristics of bacterial community in the water and surface sediment of the Yellow River,China,the largest turbid river in the world[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2014,14(11):1894-1904.
[31]洪璇,洪有为,陈仲巍,等.九龙江河口区nir S型反硝化细菌多样性及系统发育学分析[J].微生物学通报,2015,42(9):1639-1650.Hong X,Hong Y W,Chen Z W,et al.Phylogenetic diversity of nirS-type denitrifying bacteria in Jiulong River estuary[J].Microbiology China,2015,42(9):1639-1650.
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