一种可提高无线传感器网络寿命的节能方案设计
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摘要
在某核物理实验中的传感器网络数据采集系统中,由于采集节点能量消耗不均衡,系统能量利用不充分,不能满足长时间可靠采集数据的需求。为解决该问题,研究了较为普遍的无线传感器网络能量不均衡问题,提出了一种对无线传感器网络电源系统的改造方案。该方案在保留了传感器无线通信的基础上,通过在传感器节点之间增布电源线,实现了两方面的改善:首先,增加了节点之间的能量转移通道,解决了节点之间能量消耗不均衡的问题;其次,在能量均衡的基础上传感器节点可以按照能量最优方案进行通信,避免了传统无线传感器网络中因分簇通信而导致的能量浪费问题。仿真数据表明:与一般分簇协议相比,该方案可使节点平均能耗降低78%,使系统寿命延长约5倍。
[Background] In the data acquisition system for a nuclear physics experiment, the energy consumption of each acquisition node of wireless sensor networks is not balanced, and the energy utilization of the system is insufficient, which cannot satisfy the task of reliable data acquisition for a long time. [Purpose] This study aims to solve the common problem of energy imbalance of wireless sensor networks, and put forward a transformation scheme of power supply system for wireless sensor networks. [Methods] On the basis of reserving wireless sensor communication, the scheme achieves two improvements by adding power lines between sensor nodes. Firstly, the energy transfer channels between nodes are increased to solve the problem of unbalanced energy consumption between nodes. Secondly, on the basis of energy balance, sensor nodes communicate with the optimal energy scheme to avoid energy waste caused by frequent clusters in traditional wireless sensor networks. [Results] The results show that this method can prolong the life of the system about five times at the cost of connecting a few power lines.[Conclusion] The simulation results show that compared with clustering protocol, this scheme can reduce the average power consumption of nodes by 78% and prolong the system life by about 5 times.
[Background] In the data acquisition system for a nuclear physics experiment, the energy consumption of each acquisition node of wireless sensor networks is not balanced, and the energy utilization of the system is insufficient, which cannot satisfy the task of reliable data acquisition for a long time. [Purpose] This study aims to solve the common problem of energy imbalance of wireless sensor networks, and put forward a transformation scheme of power supply system for wireless sensor networks. [Methods] On the basis of reserving wireless sensor communication, the scheme achieves two improvements by adding power lines between sensor nodes. Firstly, the energy transfer channels between nodes are increased to solve the problem of unbalanced energy consumption between nodes. Secondly, on the basis of energy balance, sensor nodes communicate with the optimal energy scheme to avoid energy waste caused by frequent clusters in traditional wireless sensor networks. [Results] The results show that this method can prolong the life of the system about five times at the cost of connecting a few power lines.[Conclusion] The simulation results show that compared with clustering protocol, this scheme can reduce the average power consumption of nodes by 78% and prolong the system life by about 5 times.
引文
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7孙庆中,余强,宋伟.基于博弈论能耗均衡的WSN非均匀分簇路由协议[J].计算机应用,2014,34(11):3164-3169.DOI:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2014.11.3164.SUN Qingzhong,YU Qiang,SONG Wei.Energybalanced unequal clustering routing protocol based on game theory for wireless sensor network[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2014,34(11):3164-3169.DOI:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2014.11.3164.
8李成法,陈贵海.一种基于非均匀分簇的无线传感器网络路由协议[J].计算机学报,2008,30(1):27-36.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0254-4164.2007.01.004.LI Chengfa,CHEN Guihai.Energy-balanced unequal clustering routing protocol for wireless sensor networks[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2008,30(1):27-36.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0254-4164.2007.01.004.
9苏圣超,赵曙光.基于能耗均衡的无线传感器路由算法[J].计算机学报,2018,45(10):111-114.DOI:10.11896/j.issn:1002-137X.2018.10.021.SU Shengchao,ZHAO Shuguang.Wireless sensor routing algorithm based on energy balance[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2018,45(10):111-114.DOI:10.11896/j.issn:1002-137X.2018.10.021.
10李莉,李雪梅,李秀滢.改进的无线传感器网络路由算法[J].传感器与微系统,2019,38(2):150-153.DOI:10.13873/j.issn:1000-9787.2019.02.0150.04.LI Li,LI Xuemei,LI Xiuying.Improved routing algorithm for WSNs[J].Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2019,38(2):150-153.DOI:10.13873/j.issn:1000-9787.2019.02.0150.04.
2 Wendi Rabiner Heinzelman,Anantha Chandrakasan,Hari Balakrishnan.Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks[C].Proceedings of Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences,2000,2:1-10.DOI:10.1109/HICSS.2000.926982.
3 Ossama Younis,Sonia Fahmy.HEED:a hybrid,energyefficient,distributed clustering approach for ad-hoc sensor networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,2004,3(4):379-399.DOI:10.1109/TMC.2004.41.
4 Chamam A,Pierre S.A distributed energy-efficient clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks[J].Computers and Electrical Engineering,2010,36(2):303-312.DOI:10.1109/ISSNIP.2011.6146592.
5 Barati H,Movaghar A,Rahmani A M.EACHP:energy aware clustering hierarchy protocol for large scale wireless sensor networks[J].Wireless Personal Communications,2015,85(3):765-789.DOI:10.1007/s11277-015-2807-2.
6刘志,裘正定.基于分环多跳的无线传感网络分簇路由算法[J].通信学报,2008,29(3):104-113.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-436X.2008.03.017.LIU Zhi,QIU Zhengding.Ring based multi-hop clustering routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks[J].Journal on Communications,2008,29(3):104-113.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-436X.2008.03.017.
7孙庆中,余强,宋伟.基于博弈论能耗均衡的WSN非均匀分簇路由协议[J].计算机应用,2014,34(11):3164-3169.DOI:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2014.11.3164.SUN Qingzhong,YU Qiang,SONG Wei.Energybalanced unequal clustering routing protocol based on game theory for wireless sensor network[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2014,34(11):3164-3169.DOI:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2014.11.3164.
8李成法,陈贵海.一种基于非均匀分簇的无线传感器网络路由协议[J].计算机学报,2008,30(1):27-36.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0254-4164.2007.01.004.LI Chengfa,CHEN Guihai.Energy-balanced unequal clustering routing protocol for wireless sensor networks[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2008,30(1):27-36.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0254-4164.2007.01.004.
9苏圣超,赵曙光.基于能耗均衡的无线传感器路由算法[J].计算机学报,2018,45(10):111-114.DOI:10.11896/j.issn:1002-137X.2018.10.021.SU Shengchao,ZHAO Shuguang.Wireless sensor routing algorithm based on energy balance[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2018,45(10):111-114.DOI:10.11896/j.issn:1002-137X.2018.10.021.
10李莉,李雪梅,李秀滢.改进的无线传感器网络路由算法[J].传感器与微系统,2019,38(2):150-153.DOI:10.13873/j.issn:1000-9787.2019.02.0150.04.LI Li,LI Xuemei,LI Xiuying.Improved routing algorithm for WSNs[J].Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2019,38(2):150-153.DOI:10.13873/j.issn:1000-9787.2019.02.0150.04.
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