锰对超富集植物青葙镉积累的影响
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摘要
为探讨锰对青葙吸收和积累镉的影响,通过水培试验和土培试验两种方式,分别在镉处理为0(对照)、0.6、1、2 mg·L~(-1)和0(对照)、3、5、10 mg·kg~(-1)的条件下,施加100 mg·L~(-1)和500 mg·kg~(-1)的锰研究了锰对青葙吸收和积累镉的影响,并且在土培试验进行的同时监测土壤溶液中的镉含量。结果表明,在水培和土培条件下施加锰对青葙吸收和积累镉的作用不同。在水培条件下,向镉处理组中施加锰可显著抑制青葙对镉的吸收和积累。当镉处理浓度为0.6 mg·L~(-1)时,施加锰使青葙叶片镉含量降低了35.9%。然而,在土培条件下,施加锰显著促进了青葙对镉的吸收和积累。在镉处理浓度为3 mg·kg~(-1)时,锰对青葙镉积累促进作用最强,与未施加锰处理组相比青葙叶片中镉含量增加了352%。土壤溶液中镉含量较低,但锰的施加可显著提高土壤溶液中的镉含量(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,尽管镉和锰在青葙中可能存在部分相同的转运和吸收途径,但由于两者在土壤固相与液相之间存在的离子交换作用使得土培和水培实验表现出相反的趋势。
To explore the effects of Mn on the uptake and accumulation of Cd in Celosia argentea Linn., a hydroponic experiment(with Cd treatments of 0, 0.6, 1, and 2 mg·L~(-1))and a soil culture experiment(with Cd treatments of 0, 3, 5, and 10 mg·kg~(-1))were conducted with,and without Mn application(100 mg·L~(-1) for the hydroponic experiment and 500 mg·kg~(-1) for the soil experiment). In addition, Cd concentrations in soil solutions were also tested during the soil culture experiment. The results showed that the effect of Mn on Cd uptake and accumulation in C. argentea differed between the hydroponic and soil experiments. In the hydroponic experiments, application of Mn significantly reduced the uptake and accumulation of Cd in C. argentea. At a Cd treatment of 0.6 mg·L~(-1), the application of Mn decreased Cd in the leaves by 35.9%. In soil culture experiments, however, applying Mn significantly enhanced the uptake and accumulation of Cd in C. argentea. When soil Cd was 3 mg·kg~(-1), the application of Mn increased Cd concentrations in leaves by 352% when compared with the control.The application of Mn significantly increased the Cd concentrations in the soil solution(P<0.05), although the concentrations of Cd in the soil solutions were relatively low. The inhibiting effect of Mn on Cd uptake in hydroponic experiment indicated that Cd and Mn may share some uptake and transport pathways in the C. argentea. By contrast, a promoting effect of Mn on Cd uptake was observed in the soil experiment due to their ion exchange behaviour in the soil. The application of Mn promoted the release of Cd from the soil into the soil solution,thereby increasing the uptake of Cd by plant roots.
To explore the effects of Mn on the uptake and accumulation of Cd in Celosia argentea Linn., a hydroponic experiment(with Cd treatments of 0, 0.6, 1, and 2 mg·L~(-1))and a soil culture experiment(with Cd treatments of 0, 3, 5, and 10 mg·kg~(-1))were conducted with,and without Mn application(100 mg·L~(-1) for the hydroponic experiment and 500 mg·kg~(-1) for the soil experiment). In addition, Cd concentrations in soil solutions were also tested during the soil culture experiment. The results showed that the effect of Mn on Cd uptake and accumulation in C. argentea differed between the hydroponic and soil experiments. In the hydroponic experiments, application of Mn significantly reduced the uptake and accumulation of Cd in C. argentea. At a Cd treatment of 0.6 mg·L~(-1), the application of Mn decreased Cd in the leaves by 35.9%. In soil culture experiments, however, applying Mn significantly enhanced the uptake and accumulation of Cd in C. argentea. When soil Cd was 3 mg·kg~(-1), the application of Mn increased Cd concentrations in leaves by 352% when compared with the control.The application of Mn significantly increased the Cd concentrations in the soil solution(P<0.05), although the concentrations of Cd in the soil solutions were relatively low. The inhibiting effect of Mn on Cd uptake in hydroponic experiment indicated that Cd and Mn may share some uptake and transport pathways in the C. argentea. By contrast, a promoting effect of Mn on Cd uptake was observed in the soil experiment due to their ion exchange behaviour in the soil. The application of Mn promoted the release of Cd from the soil into the soil solution,thereby increasing the uptake of Cd by plant roots.
引文
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[2]苗亚琼,林清.广西土壤重金属镉污染及对人体健康的危害[J].环境与可持续发展,2016,41(5):171-173.MIAO Ya-qiong,LIN Qing.Pollution Caused by heavy metal cadmium to the soil in Guangxi and its harm to human health[J].Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development,2016,41(5):171-173.
[3]Uraguchi S,Fujiwara T.Rice breaks ground for cadmium-free cereals.[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2013,16(3):328-334.
[4]赵峰,谌斌,李明顺.锰及锰镉复合污染对锰矿区茶园土壤酶活性的影响[J].广西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2008,26(4):128-131.ZHAO Feng,CHEN Bin,LI Ming-shun.Effect of Mn and Mn-Cd combined pollution on soil enzymatic activities in tea garden of manganese mineland[J].Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2008,26(4):128-131.
[5]唐文杰,邓华,李蘅,等.八一锰矿恢复区(茶园)土壤重金属污染特征研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(4):855-858.TANG Wen-jie,DENG Hua,LI Heng,et al.Contamination characteristics of soil heavy metals in Bayi Mn mine on restored area(tea garden)[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2016,55(4):855-858.
[6]莫斌吉,雷良奇,张能,等.广西大厂碳酸盐型硫化物尾矿中镉的地球化学行为[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2015,34(5):1050-1057.MO Bin-ji,LEI Liang-qi,ZHANG Neng,et al.Cadmium's geochemical behaviors in carbonate sulfide tailings in Dachang,Guangxi[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2015,34(5):1050-1057.
[7]赖燕平,李明顺,杨胜香,等.广西锰矿恢复区食用农作物重金属污染评价[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(8):1801-1806.LAI Yan-ping,LI Ming-shun,YANG Sheng-xiang,et al.Evaluation of heavy metal pollution of edible crops in Guangxi manganese mine recovery area[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2007,18(8):1801-1806.
[8]李航,肖唐付,何立斌,等.镉的表生环境地球化学效应[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2006,25(增刊1):84-86.LI Hang,XIAO Tang-fu,HE Li-bin,et al.Epigenetic environmental geochemical effects of cadmium[J].Mineral Rock Geochemistry Bulletin,2006,25(Suppl 1):84-86.
[9]周相玉,冯文强,秦鱼生,等.镁、锰、活性炭和石灰及其交互作用对小麦镉吸收的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(14):4289-4296.ZHOU Xiang-yu,FENG Wen-qiang,QIN Yu-sheng,et al.Effects of magnesium,manganese,activated carbon and lime and their interaction on cadmium uptake in wheat[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(14):4289-4296.
[10]李然,徐应明,王林,等.不同锰处理对镉胁迫下2种油菜重金属累积和根系形态的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2018(2):140-148.LI Ran,XU Ying-ming,WANG Lin,et al.Effects of different manganese treatments on heavy metals accumulation and root morphology of two cultivars of Brassica chinensis under cadmium stress[J].Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2018(2):140-148.
[11]Peng K,Luo C,You W,et al.Manganese up take and interactions with cadmium in the hyperaccumulator-Phytolacca americana L.[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,154:674-681.
[12]徐莜,杨益新,李文华,等.锰离子浓度及其转运通道对水稻幼苗镉吸收转运特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(8):1429-1435.XU You,YANG Yi-xin,LI Wen-hua,et al.Effects of manganese concentrations and transporters on uptake and translocation of cadmium in rice seedlings[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2016,35(8):1429-1435.
[13]Huang Q N,An H,Yang Y J,et al.Effects of Mn-Cd antagonistic interaction on Cd accumulation and major agronomic traits in rice genotypes by different Mn forms[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2017,82(2):1-15.
[14]蔡春婷,汤克丽,许旭萍,等.镉铅复合胁迫下根表铁锰氧化胶膜厚度对美洲商陆富集镉的影响[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(1):298-307.CAI Chun-ting,TANG Ke-li,XU Xu-ping,et al.Effects of iron-1024385manganese plaque thickness on Cd accumulation in Phytolacca americana under Cd-Pb combined stress[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2017,37(1):298-307.
[15]余保文,朱诚.丁草胺对镉胁迫条件下水稻生长、镉积累及活性氧代谢的影响[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(9):1878-1886.YU Bao-wen,ZHU Cheng.Effects of butachlor on the growth,cadmium accumulation and oxidative metabolism of rice under Cd2+stress[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2008,28(9):1878-1886.
[16]Hu P,Yin Y G,Ishikawa S,et al.Nitrate facilitates cadmium uptake,transport and accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola[J].Environmental Science&Pollution Research,2013,20(9):6306-6316.
[17]Liu J,Mo L,Zhang X,et al.Simulaneous hyperaccumulation of cadmium and manganese in Celosia argentea Linn[J].International Journal of Phytoremediation,2018,doi:10.1080/15226514.2017.1365341
[18]Liu H,Zhang Y,Chai T,et al.Manganese-mitigation of cadmium toxicity to seedling growth of Phytolacca acinosa,Roxb.is controlled by the manganese/cadmium molar ratio under hydroponic conditions[J].Plant Physiology&Biochemistry,2013,73(6):144-153.
[19]Zornoza P,Sánchez-Pardo B,Carpena R O.Interaction and accumulation of manganese and cadmium in the manganese accumulator Lupinus albus[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2010,167(13):1027-1032.
[20]余轲,刘杰,尚伟伟,等.青葙对土壤锰的耐性和富集特征[J].生态学报,2015,35(16):5430-5436.YU Ke,LIU Jie,SHANG Wei-wei,et al.Tolerance and accumulation characteristics of Celosia argentea Linn.growing in Mn-contaminated soil[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(16):5430-5436.
[21]Fernando D R,Mizuno T,Woodrow I E,et al.Characterization of foliar manganese(Mn)in Mn(hyper)accumulators using X-ray absorption spectroscopy[J].New Phytologist,2010,188(4):1014-1027.
[22]Fernando D R,Woodrow I E,Baker A J,et al.Plant homeostasis of foliar manganese sinks:Specific variation in hyperaccumulators[J].Planta,2012,236(5):1459-1470.
[23]Lombi E,Tearall K L,Howarth J R,et al.Influence of iron status on cadmium and zinc uptake by different ecotypes of the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens[J].Plant Physiology,2002,128(4):1359-1367.
[24]Thomine S,Wang R,Ward J M,et al.Cadmium and iron transport by members of a plant metal transporter family in Arabidopsis with homology to Nramp genes[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2000,97(9):4991-4996.
[25]David F Garvin,Leon V Kochian.The role of iron-deficiency stress responses in stimulating heavy-metal transport in plants[J].Plant Physiology,1998,116(3):1063-1072.
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