不同代数健康种苗分蘖差异及浸种处理对一代种茎繁育的影响研究
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摘要
以桂糖46号为实验材料,研究其不同代数分蘖差异及浸种处理对甘蔗产量及其构成因素的影响,为甘蔗健康种苗大田高效繁育提供参考依据。以清水处理为对照,通过预备试验观察筛选出的甘蔗浸种剂(GZJ)40 mg/L对甘蔗健康种苗一代种茎进行浸种2 h,分析两者之间的大田繁育差异。试验结果表明,不同代数茎尖脱毒健康种苗分蘖率随着代数增加呈骤减趋势,健康种苗原种显著高于一代种茎和二代种茎,分别提高了317.95%和1 937.64%,一代种茎又显著高于二代种茎,提高了387.53%。浸种处理的单株平均分蘖数比对照提高了25.17%,差异达到极显著水平;甘蔗茎径、有效茎、单茎重分别高于对照1.30%、4.98%、5.15%;增产8.40%;株高比对照低3.33%;差异达到极显著水平。说明健康种苗原种优势强;GZJ药剂主要通过提高分蘖率、促进形成甘蔗有效茎、增大茎粗和提高单茎重达到增产目的。
Aimed at providing guidance for multiplication of virus-free cane setts, the tillering differences among generations of virus-free cane setts of sugarcane cultivar Guitang46 and the impact of soaking treatment in GZJ, a tiller enhancing solution on the cane yield and yield components were studied. The first generation of virus free cane setts from sugarcane cultivar Guitang46 was soaked in a cane setts soaking agent for 2 h, and soaking in clean water was considered as the control. The number of tillers, cane yield and its components were investigated in both treatments. The results showed that the tillering declined with increased vegetative generations, the tillers of original virus free cane setts was much higher by 317.95% and 1 937.64% than the tillers from the first and second generation, respectively, and the first generation increased 387.53% as compared with the second generation. As compared with the control, stalk diameter, millable stalks, single stalk weight were increased by1.30%, 4.98% and 5.15%, respectively, the cane yield increased by 8.40%, while the plant height was 3.33%shorter. Therefore, the virus-free cane setts was of high superiority. The GZJ seed soaking agent could increase yield by promoting the tillering rate, the number of millable stalks, the stem diameter and single stalk weight.
Aimed at providing guidance for multiplication of virus-free cane setts, the tillering differences among generations of virus-free cane setts of sugarcane cultivar Guitang46 and the impact of soaking treatment in GZJ, a tiller enhancing solution on the cane yield and yield components were studied. The first generation of virus free cane setts from sugarcane cultivar Guitang46 was soaked in a cane setts soaking agent for 2 h, and soaking in clean water was considered as the control. The number of tillers, cane yield and its components were investigated in both treatments. The results showed that the tillering declined with increased vegetative generations, the tillers of original virus free cane setts was much higher by 317.95% and 1 937.64% than the tillers from the first and second generation, respectively, and the first generation increased 387.53% as compared with the second generation. As compared with the control, stalk diameter, millable stalks, single stalk weight were increased by1.30%, 4.98% and 5.15%, respectively, the cane yield increased by 8.40%, while the plant height was 3.33%shorter. Therefore, the virus-free cane setts was of high superiority. The GZJ seed soaking agent could increase yield by promoting the tillering rate, the number of millable stalks, the stem diameter and single stalk weight.
引文
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[16]刘子凡,陈惠娟,韦城. CaCl2浸种对甘蔗幼苗抗旱性的影响[J].华南热带农业大学学报,2004,10(2):4-6.
[17]刘俊仙,李松,谭芳,等.多效唑浸种对甘蔗分蘖提早萌发及幼苗内源激素含量的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2016(2):22-25,30.
[18]刘俊仙,李松,谭芳,等.多效唑浸种对甘蔗幼苗分蘖发生及生理特性变化的影响[J].广东农业科学,2016,43(4):38-43.
[19]潘方胤,刘福业,吴文龙,等.粤糖00-236不同浓度石碳酸溶液浸种试验[J].甘蔗糖业,2008(2):6-8,17.
[20]梁奕强.药剂浸种对甘蔗出苗和产量的影响[J].广西热作科技,1995,56(3):21-24.
[2]何洪良,唐君海,唐利球,等.甘蔗脱毒组培苗密植试验研究初报[J].中国热带农业,2013(6):60-61.
[3]李群芳.甘蔗健康种苗春植技术[J].现代农业科技,2015(4):52,59.
[4]杨绍聪,吉学进,单红丽,等.甘蔗温水脱毒健康种苗田间栽培增产效果[J].中国糖料,2012,34(4):24-26.
[5]文颖,陈远贻,程文兴.模拟温度下不同预处理对甘蔗种苗萌发及早期生长的影响初报[J].甘蔗糖业,1986(5):19-23,41.
[6]文颖,吴文勇,刘世杰.甘蔗萌芽的化学调节[J].西南农业学报,1992,5(3):35-41.
[7]文颖,吴文勇,刘世杰.油菜素内酯浸种对甘蔗萌芽及早期生长的影响研究[J].甘蔗糖业,1989(4):21-24.
[8]张向军,李杨瑞,林炎坤.乙烯利浸种对甘蔗苗期生长及生理生化特性的影响[J].中国糖料,2001,33(3):9-13.
[9]王威豪,叶燕萍,罗永明,等.水分胁迫下乙烯利浸种对甘蔗苗期光合性状和分蘖的影响[J].作物杂志,2008,17(1):50-54.
[10]游建华,曾慧,李松,等.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗田间比较试验[J].中国糖料,2005,27(2):12-15.
[11]邓展云,刘海斌,方锋学,等.几个甘蔗新品种的健康种苗对比试验[J].中国糖料,2010,32(4):19-20,28.
[12]沈万宽,郑学文,陈仲华,等.甘蔗健康种苗田间评价试验结果分析[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(4):913-915.
[13]梁昌新,杨世成,张天富,等.粤糖93-159温水脱毒健康种苗在水田上的试验[J].中国糖料,2016,38(2):15-17,19.
[14]何为中,范业赓,刘红坚,等.甘蔗健康组培苗后代主要农艺性状的田间表现研究[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(14):30-32.
[15]秦昌鲜,唐君海,唐利球.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗田间对比试验[J].中国热带农业,2013,52(3):62-63.
[16]刘子凡,陈惠娟,韦城. CaCl2浸种对甘蔗幼苗抗旱性的影响[J].华南热带农业大学学报,2004,10(2):4-6.
[17]刘俊仙,李松,谭芳,等.多效唑浸种对甘蔗分蘖提早萌发及幼苗内源激素含量的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2016(2):22-25,30.
[18]刘俊仙,李松,谭芳,等.多效唑浸种对甘蔗幼苗分蘖发生及生理特性变化的影响[J].广东农业科学,2016,43(4):38-43.
[19]潘方胤,刘福业,吴文龙,等.粤糖00-236不同浓度石碳酸溶液浸种试验[J].甘蔗糖业,2008(2):6-8,17.
[20]梁奕强.药剂浸种对甘蔗出苗和产量的影响[J].广西热作科技,1995,56(3):21-24.
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