中日韩民间渔业安全作业协议书对依法治渔的影响
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摘要
中日韩《民间渔业安全作业协议书》是分别由中日、中韩和日韩民间行业协会签订的多边参与、双边执行的行业协定。虽然《民间渔业安全作业协议书》既不是国际条约,也不是国际法,但其在中日韩三国民间渔业合作方面发挥着重要的规范性作用。研究对中日韩《民间渔业安全作业协议书》及中日韩民间渔业协议会的性质特点,在鱿鱼资源的养护、虎网作业问题和海上安全预防性合作的磋商内容,以及中方代表对日韩水产会代表提出问题的回应,三方水产会代表提出的合作建议等磋商情况进行梳理和研究,并探讨中日韩《民间渔业安全作业协议书》的法律地位与价值。通过研究发现:第一,由中日韩民间渔业行业协会定期举办的三方民间渔业协议会是三方在海上安全作业秩序、保护海洋渔业资源和促进民间渔业合作等方面的有效磋商平台;第二,中日韩《民间渔业安全作业协议书》对三方国际渔业合作发挥着"软法"作用,可更好地弥补政府间渔业协定的不足,适应行业发展的现实需要。
The Non-governmental Agreements on Fishing Operation Safety between China, Japan and South Korea signed by the non-governmental trade associations of China, Japan and South Korea respectively are trade agreements which are joined multilaterally and implemented bilaterally. Although these agreements are neither international treaties nor international laws, they play an important normative role in the non-governmental fishery cooperation between China, Japan and South Korea. This paper combs and analyzes the general situation of the agreements, the nature and characteristics of the non-governmental fishery collaboration and consultation meeting of China, Japan and South Korea which works as a consultation platform, the consultation contents about squid resources conservation, tiger fishnet operation and the preventive cooperation on maritime safety, the response of Chinese representative to questions raised by representatives of Japanese and South Korea's fishery associations, and the suggestions on tripartite cooperation made by representatives of Japanese and South Korea's fishery associations as well. Also, it discusses the juridical status and value of the Non-governmental Agreements on Fishing Operation Safety between China, Japan and South Korea. Result shows: Firstly, the non-governmental tripartite fishery collaboration and consultation meeting regularly held by Chinese, Japanese and South Korea's non-governmental fishery trade associations functions as an effective consultation platform in the safe operation order at sea, the protection of marine fishery resources and the promotion of non-governmental fishery cooperation, and secondly, the agreements play a role of "soft law" in the tripartite international fishery cooperation, can better make up for the deficiencies of the intergovernmental fishery agreement and thus adapt to the practical needs of industry development.
The Non-governmental Agreements on Fishing Operation Safety between China, Japan and South Korea signed by the non-governmental trade associations of China, Japan and South Korea respectively are trade agreements which are joined multilaterally and implemented bilaterally. Although these agreements are neither international treaties nor international laws, they play an important normative role in the non-governmental fishery cooperation between China, Japan and South Korea. This paper combs and analyzes the general situation of the agreements, the nature and characteristics of the non-governmental fishery collaboration and consultation meeting of China, Japan and South Korea which works as a consultation platform, the consultation contents about squid resources conservation, tiger fishnet operation and the preventive cooperation on maritime safety, the response of Chinese representative to questions raised by representatives of Japanese and South Korea's fishery associations, and the suggestions on tripartite cooperation made by representatives of Japanese and South Korea's fishery associations as well. Also, it discusses the juridical status and value of the Non-governmental Agreements on Fishing Operation Safety between China, Japan and South Korea. Result shows: Firstly, the non-governmental tripartite fishery collaboration and consultation meeting regularly held by Chinese, Japanese and South Korea's non-governmental fishery trade associations functions as an effective consultation platform in the safe operation order at sea, the protection of marine fishery resources and the promotion of non-governmental fishery cooperation, and secondly, the agreements play a role of "soft law" in the tripartite international fishery cooperation, can better make up for the deficiencies of the intergovernmental fishery agreement and thus adapt to the practical needs of industry development.
引文
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[9]姜明安.软法的兴起与软法之治[J].中国法学,2006,(4):25-36.
[10]王申.软法产生的社会文化根源及其启示[J].法商研究,2006,(6):72-76.
[11]高岚君.《中韩渔业协定》法律效力分析[J].沈阳工业大学学报(社会科学版),2014,(1):79-82.
[12]郑志华,郑溶.渔权之争:论双边渔业协定应考量的若干问题[J].中国海商法研究,2014,25(1):70-78.
[13]董加伟.论中韩、中日渔业协定框架下的传统捕鱼权保障[J].东北亚论坛,2014,(4):35-47.
[14]许柳雄.建立我国与周边国家海洋渔业新秩序[R].北京:中国渔业协会会议,2008.
[15]刘晓静.我国与沿海邻国渔业争端的国际法分析[D].重庆:西南政法大学,2013.
[16]潘澎,程家骅,李彦.中日渔业协定综述[J].中国渔业经济,2015,(6):18-22.
[2]黄少焕,冯宇,黄日莲.中日签订民间渔业安全作业协议书[EB/OL].(2007-08-24).[2019-02-02].http://news.ifeng.com/c/7f YQnw3 NIm T.
[3]周先标,王晓辉,周文滨.我国远洋鱿钓渔业发展的现状、问题与对策[J].渔业信息与战略,2013,(8):173-180.
[4]舟山市远洋渔业协会.日本围网渔业协同组合与中国远洋渔业协会在我市召开2018年度中日围网交流会[EB/OL].(2018-11-30).[2019-01-10].http://www.zsdwf.com/shownews.asp?newsid=955.
[5]黄硕琳,刘艳红.海洋渔业执法的国际合作[J].中国海洋法学评论,2009,(1):1-11.
[6]王铁崖.国际法[M]北京:法律出版社,2013.
[7]聂洪涛.非政府组织的国际法主体资格问题研究[J].学术论坛,2015,(5):95-99.
[8]马波.环境法“软法”渊源形态之辨析[J].探索与争鸣,2010,(5):109-112.
[9]姜明安.软法的兴起与软法之治[J].中国法学,2006,(4):25-36.
[10]王申.软法产生的社会文化根源及其启示[J].法商研究,2006,(6):72-76.
[11]高岚君.《中韩渔业协定》法律效力分析[J].沈阳工业大学学报(社会科学版),2014,(1):79-82.
[12]郑志华,郑溶.渔权之争:论双边渔业协定应考量的若干问题[J].中国海商法研究,2014,25(1):70-78.
[13]董加伟.论中韩、中日渔业协定框架下的传统捕鱼权保障[J].东北亚论坛,2014,(4):35-47.
[14]许柳雄.建立我国与周边国家海洋渔业新秩序[R].北京:中国渔业协会会议,2008.
[15]刘晓静.我国与沿海邻国渔业争端的国际法分析[D].重庆:西南政法大学,2013.
[16]潘澎,程家骅,李彦.中日渔业协定综述[J].中国渔业经济,2015,(6):18-22.
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