不同循环次数下RC桥墩抗震性能试验研究
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摘要
通过轴压比为0.05和0.15的8个钢筋混凝土(RC)桥墩拟静力试验,研究不同荷载循环次数(同一位移幅值下分别循环3,10,20次)对RC桥墩的抗震性能影响.结果表明:循环往复荷载作用下试件破坏形态为弯剪破坏,主要破坏特征为混凝土斜向明显开裂、纵筋屈曲及箍筋断裂,滞回曲线有明显捏缩;随轴压比从0.05增大到0.15,RC桥墩的屈服荷载和极限荷载增大约50%,而极限位移明显减小,位移延性系数减小约30%;不同轴压比条件下,循环加载次数对试件抗震性能均有影响,在试件达到峰值荷载之前,循环加载次数对其承载能力和变形性能影响较小,而峰值荷载之后影响较大,变形能力明显降低,循环次数的增加会加重试件的累积损伤程度,进而削弱其抗震性能,尤其会在较大程度上降低其延性性能和耗能能力.
Quasi-static displacement loading tests of eight reinforced concrete(RC) bridge piers with axial force ratios of 0.05 and 0.15 were conducted to investigate the effect of loading cycle numbers(3, 10, and 20 cycles for a given displacement amplitude) on the seismic behavior of RC bridge piers. Test results demonstrate that the bridge pier specimens subjected to cyclic loading failed in flexural-shear mode, which was evident by the presence of diagonal cracks, buckled longitudinal reinforcement, fractured stirrup, as well as saliently pinched lateral force-displacement hysteretic loops. As the axial force ratio increased from 0.05 to 0.15, there were about 50% increase in their yield and peak strengths, significant decrease in ultimate displacement, and about 30% decrease in the displacement ductility in the RC bridge piers. In addition, the effect of loading cycle numbers on the seismic behavior of the RC bridge pier specimens is explored. Prior to the attainment of peak strength, the variation of loading cycle numbers does not obviously impact the force and deformation responses of the test specimens. The effect of the number of loading cycles on seismic behavior is more significant after the peak load, and the deformation capacity is significantly reduced. Conversely, increasing the loading cycle number during the post-peak loading stage accelerates damage accumulation and impairs the seismic performance of the test specimens due to the substantial reduction of their seismic ductility and energy dissipation capacity.
Quasi-static displacement loading tests of eight reinforced concrete(RC) bridge piers with axial force ratios of 0.05 and 0.15 were conducted to investigate the effect of loading cycle numbers(3, 10, and 20 cycles for a given displacement amplitude) on the seismic behavior of RC bridge piers. Test results demonstrate that the bridge pier specimens subjected to cyclic loading failed in flexural-shear mode, which was evident by the presence of diagonal cracks, buckled longitudinal reinforcement, fractured stirrup, as well as saliently pinched lateral force-displacement hysteretic loops. As the axial force ratio increased from 0.05 to 0.15, there were about 50% increase in their yield and peak strengths, significant decrease in ultimate displacement, and about 30% decrease in the displacement ductility in the RC bridge piers. In addition, the effect of loading cycle numbers on the seismic behavior of the RC bridge pier specimens is explored. Prior to the attainment of peak strength, the variation of loading cycle numbers does not obviously impact the force and deformation responses of the test specimens. The effect of the number of loading cycles on seismic behavior is more significant after the peak load, and the deformation capacity is significantly reduced. Conversely, increasing the loading cycle number during the post-peak loading stage accelerates damage accumulation and impairs the seismic performance of the test specimens due to the substantial reduction of their seismic ductility and energy dissipation capacity.
引文
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[2] Elwood K J,Matamoros A B,Wallace J W,et al.Update to ASCE/SEI 41 concrete provisions [J].Earthquake Spectra,2007,23(3):493-523.DOI:10.1193/1.2757714.
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[4] Setzler E J,Sezen H.Model for the lateral behavior of reinforced concrete columns including shear deformations[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(2):493-511.DOI:10.1193/1.2932078.
[5] Mostafaei H,Kabeyasawa T.Axial-shear-flexure interaction approach for reinforced concrete columns [J].ACI Structural Journal,2007,104(2):218-226.DOI:10.14359/18534.
[6] Zhang Q,Gong J X,Zhang Y Q.Lateral-load behavior prediction and pushover analysis of reinforced concrete columns including shear effects[J].Advances in Structural Engineering,2013,16(4):741-758.DOI:10.1260/1369-4332.16.4.741.
[7] 张勤,贡金鑫,马颖.低周反复荷载下弯剪破坏钢筋混凝土柱的变形性能[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,44(3):643-649.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-0505.2014.03.034.Zhang Q,Gong J X,Ma Y.Deformation performance of reinforced concrete columns failing in flexural-shear under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition),2014,44(3):643-649.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-0505.2014.03.034.(in Chinese)
[8] 清华大学、西南交通大学、北京交通大学土木工程结构专家组.汶川地震建筑震害分析[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):1-9.Civil and Structural Groups of Tsinghua University,Xinan Jiaotong University and Beijing Jiaotong University.Analysis on seismic damage of buildings in the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):1-9.(in Chinese)
[9] 李宏男,肖诗云,霍林生.汶川地震震害调查与启示[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):10-19.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2008.04.002.Li H N,Xiao S Y,Huo L S.Damage investigation and analysis of engineering structures in the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):10-19.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2008.04.002.(in Chinese)
[10] Higashi Y,Ohkubo M,Ohtsuka M.Influences of loading excursions on restoring force characteristics and failure modes of reinforced concrete columns [C]// The Sixth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.New Delhi,India:India Society of Earthquake Technology,1977.
[11] Kawashima K,Koyama T.Effect of number of loading cycles on dynamic characteristics of reinforced concrete bridge pier columns [J].Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu,1988(392):205-213.DOI:10.2208/jscej.1988.392_205.
[12] Kawashima K,Koyama T.Effects of cyclic loading hysteresis on dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete bridge piers[J].Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu,1988(398):139-146.DOI:10.2208/jscej.1988.398_139.
[13] Ranf R T,Nelson J M,Price Z,et al.Damage accumulation in lightly confined reinforced concrete bridge columns,PEER Report 2005/08 [R].Berkeley,CA,USA:Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center,University of California,Berkeley,2006.
[14] Pujol S.Drift capacity of reinforced concrete columns subjected to displacement reversals [D].West Lafayette,Indiana:Purdue University,2002.
[15] Pujol S,Sozen M A,Ramirez J A.Displacement history effects on drift capacity of reinforced concrete columns [J].ACI Structural Journal,2006,103(2):253-262.DOI:10.14359/15183.
[16] 钱稼茹,冯宝锐.不同抗震等级钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(7):105-114.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2014.07.013.Qian J R,Feng B R.Experimental study on seismic behavior of different seismic grade RC columns[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(7):105-114.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2014.07.013.(in Chinese)
[17] 张勤,贡金鑫,马颖.单调和反复荷载作用下弯剪破坏钢筋混凝土柱荷载-变形关系试验研究及简化模型[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(3):138-148.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2014.03.019.Zhang Q,Gong J X,Ma Y.Study on lateral load-deformation relations of flexural-shear failure columns under monotonic and cyclic loading[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(3):138-148.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2014.03.019.(in Chinese)
[18] 薛建阳,韩琛,刘祖强,等.不同加载方式下实腹式型钢混凝土T形截面柱损伤试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2016,37(5):112-121.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2016.05.012.Xue J Y,Han C,Liu Z Q,et al.Experimental investigation on damage of solid-web steel reinforced concrete T-shaped columns under different loading patterns[J].Journal of Building Structures,2016,37(5):112-121.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2016.05.012.(in Chinese)
[19] Kunnath S,El-Bahy A,Taylor A,et al.Cumulativeseismic damage of reinforced concrete damage piers[R].Gaithersburg,MD,USA:Building and Fire Research Laboratory,National Institute of Standards and Technology,1997.
[20] El-Bahy A,Kunnath S K,Stone W C,et al.Cumulative seismic damage of circular bridge columns:Benchmark and low-cycle fatigue tests[J].ACI Structural Journal,1999,96(4):633-641.DOI:10.14359/701.
[21] El-Bahy A,Kunnath S,Stone W,et al.Cumulative seismic damage of circular bridge columns:Variable amplitude tests[J].ACI Structural Journal,1999,96(5):711-719.DOI:10.14359/724.
[22] Taylor A W,El-Bahy A,Stone W,et al.Effect of load path on damage to concrete bridge piers [C]// Joint Meeting of the U.S./Japan Cooperative Program in Natural Resources Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects.Gaithersburg,MD,USA:The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),1996:149-158.
[23] 刘伯权,徐云中,白绍良.钢筋混凝土柱在等幅对称位移循环加载下的低周疲劳性能[J].重庆建筑大学学报,1996,18(2):34-42.Liu B Q,Xu Y Z,Bai S L.Low-cyclic fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete column subjected to symmetric displacement cycling[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,1996,18(2):34-42.(in Chinese)
[24] 刘伯权,白绍良,徐云中,等.钢筋混凝土柱低周疲劳性能的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1998,18(4):82-89.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1301.1998.04.012.Liu B Q,Bai S L,Xu Y Z,et al.Experimental study of low-cyclic behavior of concrete columns[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1998,18(4):82-89.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1301.1998.04.012.(in Chinese)
[25] 刘鸣,刘伯权.钢筋混凝土柱低周疲劳力学性能分析[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2012,32(5):65-70.DOI:10.19721/j.cnki.1671-8879.2012.05.012.Liu M,Liu B Q.Low-cycle fatigue damage for shear behavior of reinforced concrete columns[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition),2012,32(5):65-70.DOI:10.19721/j.cnki.1671-8879.2012.05.012.(in Chinese)
[26] Takemura H,Kawashima K.Effect of loading hysteresis on ductility capacity of reinforced concrete bridge piers[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1997,43A:849-858.(in Japanese)
[27] Waki H,Shima H.Effect of loading history on softening of load deflection curve of reinforced concrete column[J].Proceedings of the Japan Concrete Institute,2008,30(3):1009-1014.(in Japanese)
[28] 杨晓明,丰定国,杨睿.不同加载制度下钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能的试验研究[J].工业建筑,2005,35(9):42-45.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-8993.2005.09.012.Yang X M,Feng D G,Yang R.Experimental study on aseismic performance of RC column under different loading systems[J].Industrial Construction,2005,35(9):42-45.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-8993.2005.09.012.(in Chinese)
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