基于C8051F020的心肺复苏系统
摘要
SOC(System on Chip)是嵌入式应用系统的最终形态。在嵌入式系统低端的单片机领域,具有SOC内核的8位单片机C8051F020有着强大的处理能力。本文采用C8051F020为控制单元,构建了一种用于医院外急救的心肺复苏装置的控制系统。
本心肺复苏装置采用高压氧气为动力源,依靠单作用气缸推动压头按压病人胸部,实施心肺复苏。用12V蓄电池做电源,通过电磁阀的开关控制按压的频率,减压阀减压后气体压强的大小控制按压的压力,触摸屏和液晶屏为人机对话界面。根据复苏装置要实现的功能,选用合适的器件,给出了系统机械结构的设计方案。
根据C8051F020单片机的特点和内部资源,设计了控制系统的电路图,并制作了印刷线路板。以C8051F020为控制核心,根据控制系统要实现的电路功能,把系统的电路分为触摸屏、液晶屏、步进电机、FLASH存储器、日历时钟和串口通信六大模块。参考芯片的数据手册和各个功能芯片的典型应用电路,然后配置好C8051F020的数字交叉开关,合理分配C8051F020的引脚资源,将各个芯片与C8051F020连接起来,设计出控制系统的电路图并制作印刷线路板。
采用模块化的思想,根据各个芯片与C8051F020的接口方式和C8051F020自身控制接口的特点,用C51语言编写了各个功能芯片的驱动程序,包括ADS7843触摸屏控制芯片、SED1330液晶屏控制芯片、ULN2803步进电机控制芯片、AT45DB081存储芯片、PCF8563日历时钟芯片和MAX202电平转换芯片。在驱动程序的编写中,给出了驱动程序的最主要语句段落,说明了主要函数中形式参数的作用,强调了在编写、调试过程中遇到的问题,程序中比较关键和难理解的部分也都加以解释。
采用高压氧气为动力源实现了系统的便携化;防骨折措施保证了系统的安全性;采用支持在系统编程的C8051F020单片机,使得系统程序易于更新和维护。该系统的推广应用,有望大大提高医院外心肺复苏的成功率。如何显示压头输出的压力以及病人的生理特征参数,是系统需要进一步完善的地方。
SOC(System on Chip) is the final state of embedded application system. In the lowest field of embedded application system, eight bit single chip microcomputer C8051F020 which has SOC kernel has very powerful process ability. In this paper, a cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) device which uses C8051F020 as the control core is designed, the system can be used to save someone’s life out of the hospital.
The high-pressure oxygen is the power source of the system. The oxygen in the single direction pump pushes the compactor to press the chest of a patient, cardiopulmonary resuscitation is bringing into effect. A 12 volt accumulator is used as power supply; the switch of an electromagnetic valve controls the frequency of pressing; the pressure of oxygen which has been decompressed by a valve controls the degree of pressing; the touch screen and liquid crystal display are the interface between human and machine. According to the purpose that the device should achieve, choosing the right parts, the design for the system’s mechanical structure was given.
According to the C8051F020’s feature and internal source, the system circuit diagram is designed, and the corresponding printed circuit board is manufactured. Using C8051F020 as the control core, in term of the circuit function which the control system should realize, the control system circuit is divided into six modules, including touch screen, liquid crystal display, step motor, flash memory, data clock and voltage conversion modules. Referring to the chips’data sheet, distributing in reason C8051F020’s pin source, connecting C8051F020 and chips, the system circuit diagram and printed circuit board were finished.
Following are the drivers for the chips, which are programmed in C51 language according to the C8051F020 interface and bus format. They are composed of ADS7843 touch control chip, SED1330 liquid crystal display control chip, ULN2803 step motor control chip, AT45DB081 flash memory, PCF8563 data clock chip and MAX202 chip. During the programming and debugging, the main paragraph is shown, the emphasis on the problem which maybe appear and the part which is critical and hard to understand are also presented.
The system is very portable because high-pressure oxygen is the power source; Fracture preventing measure assures the system’s security; To adopt C8051F020 which can be programmed in system, it makes the system software be very convenient to update and maintenance. To popularize this system, it will improve greatly the CPR effect. How to display the pressure and the physiology parameter of patient should be settled ulteriorly.
本心肺复苏装置采用高压氧气为动力源,依靠单作用气缸推动压头按压病人胸部,实施心肺复苏。用12V蓄电池做电源,通过电磁阀的开关控制按压的频率,减压阀减压后气体压强的大小控制按压的压力,触摸屏和液晶屏为人机对话界面。根据复苏装置要实现的功能,选用合适的器件,给出了系统机械结构的设计方案。
根据C8051F020单片机的特点和内部资源,设计了控制系统的电路图,并制作了印刷线路板。以C8051F020为控制核心,根据控制系统要实现的电路功能,把系统的电路分为触摸屏、液晶屏、步进电机、FLASH存储器、日历时钟和串口通信六大模块。参考芯片的数据手册和各个功能芯片的典型应用电路,然后配置好C8051F020的数字交叉开关,合理分配C8051F020的引脚资源,将各个芯片与C8051F020连接起来,设计出控制系统的电路图并制作印刷线路板。
采用模块化的思想,根据各个芯片与C8051F020的接口方式和C8051F020自身控制接口的特点,用C51语言编写了各个功能芯片的驱动程序,包括ADS7843触摸屏控制芯片、SED1330液晶屏控制芯片、ULN2803步进电机控制芯片、AT45DB081存储芯片、PCF8563日历时钟芯片和MAX202电平转换芯片。在驱动程序的编写中,给出了驱动程序的最主要语句段落,说明了主要函数中形式参数的作用,强调了在编写、调试过程中遇到的问题,程序中比较关键和难理解的部分也都加以解释。
采用高压氧气为动力源实现了系统的便携化;防骨折措施保证了系统的安全性;采用支持在系统编程的C8051F020单片机,使得系统程序易于更新和维护。该系统的推广应用,有望大大提高医院外心肺复苏的成功率。如何显示压头输出的压力以及病人的生理特征参数,是系统需要进一步完善的地方。
SOC(System on Chip) is the final state of embedded application system. In the lowest field of embedded application system, eight bit single chip microcomputer C8051F020 which has SOC kernel has very powerful process ability. In this paper, a cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) device which uses C8051F020 as the control core is designed, the system can be used to save someone’s life out of the hospital.
The high-pressure oxygen is the power source of the system. The oxygen in the single direction pump pushes the compactor to press the chest of a patient, cardiopulmonary resuscitation is bringing into effect. A 12 volt accumulator is used as power supply; the switch of an electromagnetic valve controls the frequency of pressing; the pressure of oxygen which has been decompressed by a valve controls the degree of pressing; the touch screen and liquid crystal display are the interface between human and machine. According to the purpose that the device should achieve, choosing the right parts, the design for the system’s mechanical structure was given.
According to the C8051F020’s feature and internal source, the system circuit diagram is designed, and the corresponding printed circuit board is manufactured. Using C8051F020 as the control core, in term of the circuit function which the control system should realize, the control system circuit is divided into six modules, including touch screen, liquid crystal display, step motor, flash memory, data clock and voltage conversion modules. Referring to the chips’data sheet, distributing in reason C8051F020’s pin source, connecting C8051F020 and chips, the system circuit diagram and printed circuit board were finished.
Following are the drivers for the chips, which are programmed in C51 language according to the C8051F020 interface and bus format. They are composed of ADS7843 touch control chip, SED1330 liquid crystal display control chip, ULN2803 step motor control chip, AT45DB081 flash memory, PCF8563 data clock chip and MAX202 chip. During the programming and debugging, the main paragraph is shown, the emphasis on the problem which maybe appear and the part which is critical and hard to understand are also presented.
The system is very portable because high-pressure oxygen is the power source; Fracture preventing measure assures the system’s security; To adopt C8051F020 which can be programmed in system, it makes the system software be very convenient to update and maintenance. To popularize this system, it will improve greatly the CPR effect. How to display the pressure and the physiology parameter of patient should be settled ulteriorly.
引文
[01] 刘婧,狄丽哲.心肺复苏的研究进展.护理研究.2003,17(12): 29-30
[02] Anonymous.You Can Save Someone in Sudden Cardiac Arrest. Tufts University Health & Nutrition Letter. 2004,22(8):7-8 03] Sarah St.John. New machines increase Olathe's life-saving capabilities. Knight Ridder Tribune Business News.2005,11
[04] S.Turner.Papworth.Optimum cardiopulmonary resuscitation for life support deter-mined.Heart Disease Weekly. 2004,27(10):61-62
[05] Michigan Instruments echanical CPR FAQ’s. http://www.michiganinstruments.com/ August 10, 2004
[06] 王 子 秀 , 杨 晓 明 . 使 用 THUMPER 心 肺 复 苏 机 的 体 会 . 中 国 急 救 医 学 . 2002,22(8):449-449
[07] 薛刚,李惠军,颜克菊.可控胸外心脏按压机的改进.2001,23(5):354-355
[08] 闫有润.智能型心肺复苏机.焦作矿业学院学报.1995,14(3):31-33
[09] 陶一江,陈建荣等.冲压式心肺复苏机在 9 例心肺复苏抢救中的应用.中国危重病急救医学.2001,13(3):176
[10] 姜佩东.液压与气动技术.第 1 版.北京:高等教育出版社.2000,8.142-150
[11] 张安泰.电路与电机.第 1 版.北京:机械工业出版社.2001,4.193-196
[12] 刘子林.电机与电气控制.第 1 版.北京:电子工业出版社.2003,8.178-179
[13] 陈大林,任祖平.基于单片机的步进电机运行控制系统设计.伺服控制技术.2005,11:54-56
[14] 何立民.从 Cygnal C8051F 看 8 位单片机发展之路.单片机与嵌入式系统应用.2002,5:5-8
[15] 潘琢金.C8051F020/1/2/3混合信号ISP FLASH 微控制器数据手册.沈阳:沈阳新华龙电子有限公司.2002,10
[16] 王晖,马鸣锦.基于触摸屏控制器 ADS7846 的触点坐标和压力的测量与计算.电子设计应用.2003,9:78-81
[17] Touch Screen Controller Tips. Texas Instruments Incorporated Datasheet.2000,9
[18] 陈世利,孙墨杰,栗大超等.触摸屏的工作原理及典型应用.单片机与嵌入式系统应用.2002,2:11-14.
[19] ADS7843 TOUCH SCREEN CONTROLLER. BURR-BROWN Corporation.1998,5
[20] 上 海 广 电 计 算 机 . 液 晶 显 示 器 (LCD) 产 品 介 绍 以 及 市 场 趋势.http://hard.zol.com.cn/2002/1102/50129.shtml.2002,11
[21] 杜 忠 良 , 高 旭 光 . 液 晶 显 示 控 制 器 SED1330 的 特 性 与 应 用 . 电 测 与 仪表.1999,36(4):50-52
[22] SED1330F/1335F/1336F LCD Controller ICs Technical Manual. S-MOS Systems, Inc.September, 1995 Version 0.4
[23] 李刚,相韶霞.大规模液晶显示控制器SED1330的原理、接口电路及应用.国外电子元器件.1998 ,11:2-8
[24] ULN2803A DARLINGTON TRANSISTOR ARRAY.Texas Instruments Incorporated Datasheet, 1998
[25] 安 然 然 , 聂 鑫 . 基 于 AVR 单 片 机 的 步 进 电 机 控 制 . 沈 阳 化 工 学 院 学报.2005,6(2):126-128
[26] 8-Megabit 2.7-volt Only Serial DataFlashAT45DB081.Atmel Corporation 1998
[27] 王飒,刘波.利用SPI为C8051F单片机扩展数据存储.半导体技术.2005,7:89-91
[28] 洪艳,马龙华,梁永恩.Serial dataflash AT45DB161及应用.应用科技.2004,2:63-65
[29] PCF8563 Real-time clock/calendar Product specification.Philips Electronics N.V. 1999.
[30] Markus Hintermann Applications Philips Semiconductors Zürich. Application note for the Philips Real Time Clocks PCF8563,73,83,93. 1999,1
[31] PCF8563 I2C实时时钟/日历芯片.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.
[32] 罗文广.串行通信RS232C电平转换器.电子技术应用.1996,10:40-41
[33] 张长森.矿用交换机调度台RS - 232 接口电路设计.煤矿机械.2004,11:13-16
[34] ±15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers MAX202E–MAX213E,MAX232E/MAX241E. Maxim Integrated Products.1996
[35] 王明顺.基于LM2576的高可靠MCU电源设计.国外电子元器件.2004,11:12-15
[36] LM2576/LM2576HV Series SIMPLE SWITCHER 3A Step-Down Voltage Regu-lator.National Semiconductor corporation.1996,9
[37] AS1117 800mA Low Dropout Regulator SCSI-II Active Terminator,ALPHA Se-miconductor Incorporation.1999,9
[38] 夏川.基于C8051单片机的足球机器人小车控制系统设计:[硕士论文] .东北大学:万方数据库:全国学位论文全文数据库,2004:35-36
[39] 清源计算机工作室.Protel99SE原理图与PCB设计.北京:机构工业出版社,2001,5
[40] 徐爱钧,彭秀华.单片机高级语言C51应用程序设计.北京:电子工业出版社,1999,6.
[41] C8051F单片机系统教学实验机使用说明.新华龙电子有限公司. 2002,12
[42] 赵艳.黄玉水.SED1330与点阵式LCD及单片机的接口和编程.南昌大学学报.1998,20(2):24-30
[43] 周平.基于C51的步进电机控制.福建电脑.2003,6:29-30
[44] Silicon Laboratories. MOTOR CONTROL SOFTWARE EXAMPLES.2004,5:44-54
[45] 程 水 英 , 武 传 华 .C8051F020 与 SPI 串 行 Flash 存 储 器 的 接 口 . 电 子 工 程师.2004,30(7):61-64
[46] 李海鸿,朱元清,陈蓓.实时时钟芯片PCF8563及其应用.国外电子测量技术.2002,5:29-31
[47] 高健.外围器件PCF8563 I2C实时时钟/日历芯片在8051系统中的应用.国外电子元器件.2001,9:51-54
[48] 钱君霞,尹斌,魏新棒.基于I2C总线的日历时钟PCF8563在MSP430中的应用.现代电力.2005,22(3):72-75
[02] Anonymous.You Can Save Someone in Sudden Cardiac Arrest. Tufts University Health & Nutrition Letter. 2004,22(8):7-8 03] Sarah St.John. New machines increase Olathe's life-saving capabilities. Knight Ridder Tribune Business News.2005,11
[04] S.Turner.Papworth.Optimum cardiopulmonary resuscitation for life support deter-mined.Heart Disease Weekly. 2004,27(10):61-62
[05] Michigan Instruments echanical CPR FAQ’s. http://www.michiganinstruments.com/ August 10, 2004
[06] 王 子 秀 , 杨 晓 明 . 使 用 THUMPER 心 肺 复 苏 机 的 体 会 . 中 国 急 救 医 学 . 2002,22(8):449-449
[07] 薛刚,李惠军,颜克菊.可控胸外心脏按压机的改进.2001,23(5):354-355
[08] 闫有润.智能型心肺复苏机.焦作矿业学院学报.1995,14(3):31-33
[09] 陶一江,陈建荣等.冲压式心肺复苏机在 9 例心肺复苏抢救中的应用.中国危重病急救医学.2001,13(3):176
[10] 姜佩东.液压与气动技术.第 1 版.北京:高等教育出版社.2000,8.142-150
[11] 张安泰.电路与电机.第 1 版.北京:机械工业出版社.2001,4.193-196
[12] 刘子林.电机与电气控制.第 1 版.北京:电子工业出版社.2003,8.178-179
[13] 陈大林,任祖平.基于单片机的步进电机运行控制系统设计.伺服控制技术.2005,11:54-56
[14] 何立民.从 Cygnal C8051F 看 8 位单片机发展之路.单片机与嵌入式系统应用.2002,5:5-8
[15] 潘琢金.C8051F020/1/2/3混合信号ISP FLASH 微控制器数据手册.沈阳:沈阳新华龙电子有限公司.2002,10
[16] 王晖,马鸣锦.基于触摸屏控制器 ADS7846 的触点坐标和压力的测量与计算.电子设计应用.2003,9:78-81
[17] Touch Screen Controller Tips. Texas Instruments Incorporated Datasheet.2000,9
[18] 陈世利,孙墨杰,栗大超等.触摸屏的工作原理及典型应用.单片机与嵌入式系统应用.2002,2:11-14.
[19] ADS7843 TOUCH SCREEN CONTROLLER. BURR-BROWN Corporation.1998,5
[20] 上 海 广 电 计 算 机 . 液 晶 显 示 器 (LCD) 产 品 介 绍 以 及 市 场 趋势.http://hard.zol.com.cn/2002/1102/50129.shtml.2002,11
[21] 杜 忠 良 , 高 旭 光 . 液 晶 显 示 控 制 器 SED1330 的 特 性 与 应 用 . 电 测 与 仪表.1999,36(4):50-52
[22] SED1330F/1335F/1336F LCD Controller ICs Technical Manual. S-MOS Systems, Inc.September, 1995 Version 0.4
[23] 李刚,相韶霞.大规模液晶显示控制器SED1330的原理、接口电路及应用.国外电子元器件.1998 ,11:2-8
[24] ULN2803A DARLINGTON TRANSISTOR ARRAY.Texas Instruments Incorporated Datasheet, 1998
[25] 安 然 然 , 聂 鑫 . 基 于 AVR 单 片 机 的 步 进 电 机 控 制 . 沈 阳 化 工 学 院 学报.2005,6(2):126-128
[26] 8-Megabit 2.7-volt Only Serial DataFlashAT45DB081.Atmel Corporation 1998
[27] 王飒,刘波.利用SPI为C8051F单片机扩展数据存储.半导体技术.2005,7:89-91
[28] 洪艳,马龙华,梁永恩.Serial dataflash AT45DB161及应用.应用科技.2004,2:63-65
[29] PCF8563 Real-time clock/calendar Product specification.Philips Electronics N.V. 1999.
[30] Markus Hintermann Applications Philips Semiconductors Zürich. Application note for the Philips Real Time Clocks PCF8563,73,83,93. 1999,1
[31] PCF8563 I2C实时时钟/日历芯片.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司.
[32] 罗文广.串行通信RS232C电平转换器.电子技术应用.1996,10:40-41
[33] 张长森.矿用交换机调度台RS - 232 接口电路设计.煤矿机械.2004,11:13-16
[34] ±15kV ESD-Protected, +5V RS-232 Transceivers MAX202E–MAX213E,MAX232E/MAX241E. Maxim Integrated Products.1996
[35] 王明顺.基于LM2576的高可靠MCU电源设计.国外电子元器件.2004,11:12-15
[36] LM2576/LM2576HV Series SIMPLE SWITCHER 3A Step-Down Voltage Regu-lator.National Semiconductor corporation.1996,9
[37] AS1117 800mA Low Dropout Regulator SCSI-II Active Terminator,ALPHA Se-miconductor Incorporation.1999,9
[38] 夏川.基于C8051单片机的足球机器人小车控制系统设计:[硕士论文] .东北大学:万方数据库:全国学位论文全文数据库,2004:35-36
[39] 清源计算机工作室.Protel99SE原理图与PCB设计.北京:机构工业出版社,2001,5
[40] 徐爱钧,彭秀华.单片机高级语言C51应用程序设计.北京:电子工业出版社,1999,6.
[41] C8051F单片机系统教学实验机使用说明.新华龙电子有限公司. 2002,12
[42] 赵艳.黄玉水.SED1330与点阵式LCD及单片机的接口和编程.南昌大学学报.1998,20(2):24-30
[43] 周平.基于C51的步进电机控制.福建电脑.2003,6:29-30
[44] Silicon Laboratories. MOTOR CONTROL SOFTWARE EXAMPLES.2004,5:44-54
[45] 程 水 英 , 武 传 华 .C8051F020 与 SPI 串 行 Flash 存 储 器 的 接 口 . 电 子 工 程师.2004,30(7):61-64
[46] 李海鸿,朱元清,陈蓓.实时时钟芯片PCF8563及其应用.国外电子测量技术.2002,5:29-31
[47] 高健.外围器件PCF8563 I2C实时时钟/日历芯片在8051系统中的应用.国外电子元器件.2001,9:51-54
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