基于ARM7的高速核信号数据采集卡的研制
|
摘要
核信号数据采集是能谱仪器的重要组成部分，其功能是把经放大成形后的核探测器的脉冲信号，进行数字化处理，获得信号幅度分布的曲线，供谱分析软件使用。传统的核信号采集系统一般体积、功耗、重量较大，不适合野外现场使用。本论文对基于低功耗微处理器(ARM7)和高速ADC芯片(AD1605)核信号数据采集技术进行研究，开发了硬件电路及软件。核信号数据采集卡包括多道脉冲幅度分析器、脉冲放大器的数字化调控电路和稳压电源等部分。
系统的硬件以基于ARM7TDMI-S核的微处理器(LPC2148)为核心，可进行JTAG仿真调试，以高速低功耗的集成ADC(AD1605)为多道脉冲幅度分析器的模数转换器件。数据采集卡以LPC2148自带的40KB SRAM空间作为外部数据存储器；以片内512KB的Flash程序空间，实现在线系统编程和应用编程；片内SPI接口配合数字电位器可对放大器进行数字化调节，调节精度达到万分之一。利用片内的定时器与外部硬件电路结合，完成死时间的扣除，实现活时间测量。采用DC／DC变换电路，可将5～12V的电压转换为系统所需的3.3V，5.0V和±9V的稳定电压，扩大了使用领域。采集卡采用RS232接口，与上位计算机进行通讯。软件采用C语言进行编程，便于二次开发。该卡可以应用于便携式一体化和智能化X荧光仪、γ能谱仪等，也可用于室内核仪器及其它核仪器实验教学设备，对核仪器发展起到一定的促进作用。
Nuclear signal data acquisition is an important part of the spectrometer. It carries on digitized processing on the nuclear detection pulse signal, and obtains the curve of signal amplitude distribution for spectrum analysis software. The traditional nuclear signal acquisition is big on heavy, volume and the power, so it is not advantage to the field analysis. The dissertation discusses about nuclear signal acquisition based on low power loss microprocessor (ARM7) and the high speed ADC chip (AD1605), designs the hardware circuit and software. The nuclear signal data acquisition card includes Multi-Channel pulse height Analyzer, digitized pulse amplification regulation circuit and voltage-stabilized source, and so on.
The hardware adopts the LPC2148 chip based on ARM7 TDMI-S as controlling core, carrys on the JTAG simulation debugging, applys high speed and low power ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converters). The card makes use of 40KB SRAM which is contained by LPC2148 chip as exterior data-carrier storage. With the 512KB of Flash debugging space, it may realize In-System Programming and In-application programming. The internal SPI with the digital potentionmeter make the digitized adjustment of to the amplifier, the adjustment precision achieves 1/10000. The internal timer with the exterior hardware circuit may complete the deduction of the dead time and measurement of live time. It adopts the DC/DC transfer circuit, which can transform the 5～12 V into 3.3V, 5.0V and±9V for the system, enlargeing the application domain. Acquisition card connects with computer on line by using RS-232 interface. Software system is written by C Language and is advantageous for second development. This card can be used in portable integrated and the intellectualized X-Ray fluorescence analyzer, gamma spectrometer and so on. It can also be applied in the room nuclear instrument and other experimental equipments, and promotes the nuclear instrument development.
系统的硬件以基于ARM7TDMI-S核的微处理器(LPC2148)为核心，可进行JTAG仿真调试，以高速低功耗的集成ADC(AD1605)为多道脉冲幅度分析器的模数转换器件。数据采集卡以LPC2148自带的40KB SRAM空间作为外部数据存储器；以片内512KB的Flash程序空间，实现在线系统编程和应用编程；片内SPI接口配合数字电位器可对放大器进行数字化调节，调节精度达到万分之一。利用片内的定时器与外部硬件电路结合，完成死时间的扣除，实现活时间测量。采用DC／DC变换电路，可将5～12V的电压转换为系统所需的3.3V，5.0V和±9V的稳定电压，扩大了使用领域。采集卡采用RS232接口，与上位计算机进行通讯。软件采用C语言进行编程，便于二次开发。该卡可以应用于便携式一体化和智能化X荧光仪、γ能谱仪等，也可用于室内核仪器及其它核仪器实验教学设备，对核仪器发展起到一定的促进作用。
Nuclear signal data acquisition is an important part of the spectrometer. It carries on digitized processing on the nuclear detection pulse signal, and obtains the curve of signal amplitude distribution for spectrum analysis software. The traditional nuclear signal acquisition is big on heavy, volume and the power, so it is not advantage to the field analysis. The dissertation discusses about nuclear signal acquisition based on low power loss microprocessor (ARM7) and the high speed ADC chip (AD1605), designs the hardware circuit and software. The nuclear signal data acquisition card includes Multi-Channel pulse height Analyzer, digitized pulse amplification regulation circuit and voltage-stabilized source, and so on.
The hardware adopts the LPC2148 chip based on ARM7 TDMI-S as controlling core, carrys on the JTAG simulation debugging, applys high speed and low power ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converters). The card makes use of 40KB SRAM which is contained by LPC2148 chip as exterior data-carrier storage. With the 512KB of Flash debugging space, it may realize In-System Programming and In-application programming. The internal SPI with the digital potentionmeter make the digitized adjustment of to the amplifier, the adjustment precision achieves 1/10000. The internal timer with the exterior hardware circuit may complete the deduction of the dead time and measurement of live time. It adopts the DC/DC transfer circuit, which can transform the 5～12 V into 3.3V, 5.0V and±9V for the system, enlargeing the application domain. Acquisition card connects with computer on line by using RS-232 interface. Software system is written by C Language and is advantageous for second development. This card can be used in portable integrated and the intellectualized X-Ray fluorescence analyzer, gamma spectrometer and so on. It can also be applied in the room nuclear instrument and other experimental equipments, and promotes the nuclear instrument development.
引文
[1] 王经瑾，范天民，钱永庚，等．核电子学(上、下)册[M]．北京：原子能出版社．1979年．
[2] J. S Schweitze. Nuclear Techniques in the Oil Industry[J]. Nuclear Geophysics, Vol. 5, No.1/2, 1991.
[3] Clayton C. G. etal. A Reiview of aspects of nuclear geophysics[]]. Nuclear Geophysics, No. 7, 1993.
[4] M. A. Shenber, Measurement of Natural Radioactiviity lever in Soil in Tripolic[J]. Applied Radiation Isotopes, Vol, 48, NO. Ⅰ: 147-148, 1997.
[5] 吴明辉．基于ARM的嵌入式系统开发与应用北京[M]．人民邮电出版社，2004年．
[6] 李驹光等．ARM应用系统开发详解[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2003年．
[7] 屈建石，王晶宇．多道脉冲分析系统原理[M]．北京：原子能出版社．1981年．
[8] 周蓉生．核方法原理及应用[M]．地质出版社，1994年．
[9] 章晔，华荣洲，石柏慎．放射性方法勘察[M]．北京：原子能出版社，1990年．
[10] 赖万昌，葛良全，吴永鹏，林延畅，肖刚毅．新型便携式多道γ能谱仪的研制[J]．核电子学与探测技术，2004，24，(1)，37—41．
[11] 林延畅，葛良全，赖万昌．基于嵌入式工控机的多道核信号采集系统[J]．核电子学与探测技术，2003，23，(3)，220—222．
[12] 周立功，张华，等．深入浅出ARM7(上、下)册[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社，2006年．
[13] 周立功等．ARM微控制器基础与实战[M]．北京：航空航天大学出版社，2002年．
[14] 周立功等．单片机外围器件实用手册电源器件分册[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社，1998年6月．
[15] 赖万昌，葛良全，吴永鹏，林延畅，肖刚毅．新型高灵敏度XRF分析仪的研制与应用[J]．核技术，2003，26，(11)，891—895．
[16] http://wvw.mcu51.com/.
[17] http://www.21ic.com.
[18] Rhodes, J. R. Designed and Apllication of X-Ray Emission Analyzer Uing Radioisotop X-ray or Gamma Ray Sources[M], ASTM, Philadelphia. 1971.
[19] Revenko A. G, Hudonogova E. V., Budaev U. A., Cherkashina T. Yu. X-ray fluorescence determination of Mo. Nb, Zr, Y, Sr, Rb, U, Th and Pb in various types of rocks. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering[J]. X-Ray and Neutron Capillary Optics Ⅱ, 2005, 132-152.
[20] 张达．高速多道能谱采集卡的研制[D]．东北师范大学硕士论文，2005年5月．
[21] 袁启兵．基于单片机的现场多道核能谱数据采集系统研究[D]．成都理工大学硕士论文， 2003年5月．
[22] Lucent Technologies, "T7259CIT7234 Hardware User Manual" [EB/OL], March 1997.
[23] 葛良全．原位x辐射取样技术．四川：四川科学技术出版社，1997年．
[24] Revenko A. G, Hudonogova E. V, Budonogova E.V, Budaev D.A.,Cherkashina T. Yu.X-ray fluorescence determination of Mo. Nb, Zr, Y, Sr, Rb, U, Th and Pb in various types of rocks. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering[J]. X-Ray and Neutron Capillary Optics Ⅱ, 2005, 132-152.
[25] A. Kh Khusainov etal. High Parformance P-I-N CDTE and CdZnTe Detectors[J], Nuclear Instrument and Method, 428, June, 1999.
[26] 吴永鹏．智能多道谱仪的研制[D]．成都理工大学硕士论文，2004年5月．
[2] J. S Schweitze. Nuclear Techniques in the Oil Industry[J]. Nuclear Geophysics, Vol. 5, No.1/2, 1991.
[3] Clayton C. G. etal. A Reiview of aspects of nuclear geophysics[]]. Nuclear Geophysics, No. 7, 1993.
[4] M. A. Shenber, Measurement of Natural Radioactiviity lever in Soil in Tripolic[J]. Applied Radiation Isotopes, Vol, 48, NO. Ⅰ: 147-148, 1997.
[5] 吴明辉．基于ARM的嵌入式系统开发与应用北京[M]．人民邮电出版社，2004年．
[6] 李驹光等．ARM应用系统开发详解[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2003年．
[7] 屈建石，王晶宇．多道脉冲分析系统原理[M]．北京：原子能出版社．1981年．
[8] 周蓉生．核方法原理及应用[M]．地质出版社，1994年．
[9] 章晔，华荣洲，石柏慎．放射性方法勘察[M]．北京：原子能出版社，1990年．
[10] 赖万昌，葛良全，吴永鹏，林延畅，肖刚毅．新型便携式多道γ能谱仪的研制[J]．核电子学与探测技术，2004，24，(1)，37—41．
[11] 林延畅，葛良全，赖万昌．基于嵌入式工控机的多道核信号采集系统[J]．核电子学与探测技术，2003，23，(3)，220—222．
[12] 周立功，张华，等．深入浅出ARM7(上、下)册[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社，2006年．
[13] 周立功等．ARM微控制器基础与实战[M]．北京：航空航天大学出版社，2002年．
[14] 周立功等．单片机外围器件实用手册电源器件分册[M]．北京航空航天大学出版社，1998年6月．
[15] 赖万昌，葛良全，吴永鹏，林延畅，肖刚毅．新型高灵敏度XRF分析仪的研制与应用[J]．核技术，2003，26，(11)，891—895．
[16] http://wvw.mcu51.com/.
[17] http://www.21ic.com.
[18] Rhodes, J. R. Designed and Apllication of X-Ray Emission Analyzer Uing Radioisotop X-ray or Gamma Ray Sources[M], ASTM, Philadelphia. 1971.
[19] Revenko A. G, Hudonogova E. V., Budaev U. A., Cherkashina T. Yu. X-ray fluorescence determination of Mo. Nb, Zr, Y, Sr, Rb, U, Th and Pb in various types of rocks. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering[J]. X-Ray and Neutron Capillary Optics Ⅱ, 2005, 132-152.
[20] 张达．高速多道能谱采集卡的研制[D]．东北师范大学硕士论文，2005年5月．
[21] 袁启兵．基于单片机的现场多道核能谱数据采集系统研究[D]．成都理工大学硕士论文， 2003年5月．
[22] Lucent Technologies, "T7259CIT7234 Hardware User Manual" [EB/OL], March 1997.
[23] 葛良全．原位x辐射取样技术．四川：四川科学技术出版社，1997年．
[24] Revenko A. G, Hudonogova E. V, Budonogova E.V, Budaev D.A.,Cherkashina T. Yu.X-ray fluorescence determination of Mo. Nb, Zr, Y, Sr, Rb, U, Th and Pb in various types of rocks. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering[J]. X-Ray and Neutron Capillary Optics Ⅱ, 2005, 132-152.
[25] A. Kh Khusainov etal. High Parformance P-I-N CDTE and CdZnTe Detectors[J], Nuclear Instrument and Method, 428, June, 1999.
[26] 吴永鹏．智能多道谱仪的研制[D]．成都理工大学硕士论文，2004年5月．
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |