中学化学课程资源开发与利用的理论及实践探索
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摘要
课程资源的开发和利用是近年来基础教育课程改革中越来越受到重视的课题。课程资源是课程形成的要素来源与课程实施的必要而直接的条件,是构成课程系统中可以利用的一切人力、物力以及自然资源的总和。课程资源的研究在我国尚处于起步阶段,成熟的研究成果尚不多见。本文在前人研究的基础上,运用文献研究法对课程资源的概念、特征、分类进行了探讨,针对山东省泰安市中学化学课程资源的现状设计问卷,通过调查访谈等方法分析存在的困难和问题,提出化学课程资源开发与利用的原则和途径。
本文共分为四个部分。第一部分,根据课程资源理论的国内外研究情况和课程改革的实践要求,选择适当的研究方法,提出本文的研究问题,阐述了本文的研究思路。第二部分,应用文献法梳理了课程资源的理论研究,对化学课程资源的概念含义、分类、特征等问题进行了探讨。第三部分,采用调查法从教师和学生的角度发现该市目前中学化学课程资源开发和利用中存在的问题。第四部分,针对问卷中显示的问题与困难,提出化学课程资源开发与利用应遵循开放性、针对性、经济性、因地制宜的原则;提出拓展开发化学课程资源的途径:普查、筛选、培植化学课程资源;采取合适的方式及时总结交流化学教学实践中开发利用课程资源的经验;注重多种资源的融合,整合优化实物与非实物形式存在的课程资源;重视化学实验资源;推广课程资源开发利用的成果,拓展交流渠道;最后采用行动研究法,结合当地实际,进行开发和利用本土化学课程资源利用的尝试。
随着我国新课程改革的不断推进,对化学课程资源重要性的认识会日益提高,更多的化学课程资源会被开发出来并加以合理有效地利用,使其在化学教学中发挥应有的作用。
Curriculum resource is a crucial point of the new curriculum reform in Chinese elementary education. The chemistry curriculum resource is the prerequisite and immediate cause of the essential factor source and curriculum implement, and contains the manpower, material resources and natural resources that can be used in curriculum system. The study of curriculum resource is still in its introducing stage, mature fruits are rare. In this essay the author discusses the concept, characteristics, classification of the curriculum resources based on the existent surveys, and design questionnaire in view of the reality that the chemistry curriculum resources in middle school of Taian, Shandong is deficient, analyzes the difficulties and promotes the principles and strategies of the development and utilization of the chemistry curriculum.
The dissertation has four parts. Part One, according the education theories and practice, fixing the study content, selecting the proper research methods and elaborating the course of the research in the end. Part Two, organizing all theories of curriculum resources, analyzing mainly the concept, categories and characteristics of curriculum resources, accesses of curriculum resources. Part Three, elaborating the design of questionnaire, result of statistics, and detecting problems that existed in senior high school chemistry course development and utilization from the angle of the teacher and the student. Part Four, aiming at the problems and the difficulties manifested in the questionnaire, the author considered the development and utilization of the curriculum resources for senior school chemistry must be open, purposive, economical and suited to local conditions, and promoted strategies: investigating, filtrating, propping up the background of the chemistry curriculum resources; summarizing the experience of the development and utilization in The chemistry teaching practices; Paying attention to the fusion and integration of various resources; regarding chemistry experiment resources; generalizing the result of the development and utilization of the curriculum resources, widening the channel of communication. The author also selected some knowledge points of senior high school chemistry, attempted to develop and utilize the chemistry curriculum resources. Finally,adopting action research, combining local conditions, the author tried to develop and utilize local chemistry curriculum resources.
With the development of curriculum reforming of basic education, the importance of resource becomes to emerge. More resource can be exploited and used rationally and effectively, and then they can play a positive role on the chemistry education.
本文共分为四个部分。第一部分,根据课程资源理论的国内外研究情况和课程改革的实践要求,选择适当的研究方法,提出本文的研究问题,阐述了本文的研究思路。第二部分,应用文献法梳理了课程资源的理论研究,对化学课程资源的概念含义、分类、特征等问题进行了探讨。第三部分,采用调查法从教师和学生的角度发现该市目前中学化学课程资源开发和利用中存在的问题。第四部分,针对问卷中显示的问题与困难,提出化学课程资源开发与利用应遵循开放性、针对性、经济性、因地制宜的原则;提出拓展开发化学课程资源的途径:普查、筛选、培植化学课程资源;采取合适的方式及时总结交流化学教学实践中开发利用课程资源的经验;注重多种资源的融合,整合优化实物与非实物形式存在的课程资源;重视化学实验资源;推广课程资源开发利用的成果,拓展交流渠道;最后采用行动研究法,结合当地实际,进行开发和利用本土化学课程资源利用的尝试。
随着我国新课程改革的不断推进,对化学课程资源重要性的认识会日益提高,更多的化学课程资源会被开发出来并加以合理有效地利用,使其在化学教学中发挥应有的作用。
Curriculum resource is a crucial point of the new curriculum reform in Chinese elementary education. The chemistry curriculum resource is the prerequisite and immediate cause of the essential factor source and curriculum implement, and contains the manpower, material resources and natural resources that can be used in curriculum system. The study of curriculum resource is still in its introducing stage, mature fruits are rare. In this essay the author discusses the concept, characteristics, classification of the curriculum resources based on the existent surveys, and design questionnaire in view of the reality that the chemistry curriculum resources in middle school of Taian, Shandong is deficient, analyzes the difficulties and promotes the principles and strategies of the development and utilization of the chemistry curriculum.
The dissertation has four parts. Part One, according the education theories and practice, fixing the study content, selecting the proper research methods and elaborating the course of the research in the end. Part Two, organizing all theories of curriculum resources, analyzing mainly the concept, categories and characteristics of curriculum resources, accesses of curriculum resources. Part Three, elaborating the design of questionnaire, result of statistics, and detecting problems that existed in senior high school chemistry course development and utilization from the angle of the teacher and the student. Part Four, aiming at the problems and the difficulties manifested in the questionnaire, the author considered the development and utilization of the curriculum resources for senior school chemistry must be open, purposive, economical and suited to local conditions, and promoted strategies: investigating, filtrating, propping up the background of the chemistry curriculum resources; summarizing the experience of the development and utilization in The chemistry teaching practices; Paying attention to the fusion and integration of various resources; regarding chemistry experiment resources; generalizing the result of the development and utilization of the curriculum resources, widening the channel of communication. The author also selected some knowledge points of senior high school chemistry, attempted to develop and utilize the chemistry curriculum resources. Finally,adopting action research, combining local conditions, the author tried to develop and utilize local chemistry curriculum resources.
With the development of curriculum reforming of basic education, the importance of resource becomes to emerge. More resource can be exploited and used rationally and effectively, and then they can play a positive role on the chemistry education.
引文
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