聚三氟氯乙烯氟碳涂料在紫铜表面的耐蚀阻垢性能
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摘要
面临世界上严重的淡水资源紧缺,海水淡化和海水利用技术是可行的解决方案之一。铜及其合金因其良好的机械性能、可成型性、导热性以及在海洋环境中优良的耐腐蚀性能成为海水冷凝器的首选材料,但由于海水成分的多样性和复杂性,对铜及其合金还是造成了一定的腐蚀和结垢问题,因而制约着海水利用技术的发展和应用。
氟碳涂料是一种新型的高科技功能性涂料,其聚合物分子间的作用力低,决定着它具有非常低的表面自由能。因此,氟碳涂料具有不可润湿性、防沾污性和自润滑性。而它本身所特有的螺旋结构则决定了它具有一般涂料所难以比拟的优异的物理性能,在防腐蚀领域特别是复杂苛刻的海洋环境中有着广阔的应用前景。
本文选择了性能优异的聚三氟氯乙烯这种氟碳涂料,涂覆在紫铜上,研究了其阻垢能力和耐海水腐蚀性能。实验首先是通过配制超硬度的实验用水,测试了不同温度下,试样上所结水垢的量,然后通过SEM-EDX做了样品表面成分分析,结果表明涂料在样品表面附着均匀、致密,与基底金属结合紧密,可以有效地防止水垢的生成,并且还防止了金属铜的腐蚀问题。为进一步研究涂层的耐蚀性能,做了中性盐雾试验和电化学实验。在经过3000h的盐雾试验后,样品表面几乎没有变化,腐蚀增重率很小,金属腐蚀可以忽略不计;在为期90d的交流阻抗实验过程中,刚开始时阻抗弧不稳定,到第十天达到最大,然后慢慢减小,但始终为单弧容抗,只有一个时间常数。而且,在90d以后,极化电阻值仍然在10000Ω以上,因此,在实验期间,腐蚀介质不能到达涂层/基底金属界面,基底金属受到了良好的保护。
Confronting the serious fresh water scarcity, seawater desalination and utilization are feasible and economical. Copper and its alloys are optimal selections for seawater condensers because of their good mechanical property, easy moulding capability, hot conductivity and excellent anti-corrosion performance. Whereas, to a certain extent, copper and its alloys undergo some scaling and corrosion problems, because of the diversity and complexity of seawater, such questions restrict the application and development of seawater utilization technology.
Fluorocarbon coating is a newly developed high-tech functional coating, the interactional force among its polymeric molecules is low, which determines that its surface free energy is very low. As a result, fluorocarbon coating owns many good characteristics such as nonwetting property, anti-fouling property and self lubricating property. And its special spiral construction decides that it owns many incommensurably excellent physical properties. Therefore the coating is widely used in anti-corrosion fields especially in complicate and rigorous marine environment.
The polychlorotrifluoroethylene coating was selected and coated on the surface of copper pipe, furthermore its scale resistance and anti-corrosion performances were studied in this paper. The scale quantities on samples were tested through the super hard experimental water at different temperatures. After that the surface components were detected, the results indicated that the coating adhered equally and compactly to copper, both scale and corrosion were prevented effectively. In order to deeply study the anti-corrosion performance of coating, neutral salt spray test and electrochemical test were experimentalized. After 3000h’s salt spray test, the surface of coated samples showed scarcely any changes, and corrosive weight gain was so tiny that the corrosion of copper could be neglected. During the EIS experimental course for 90d, the EIS were not stable at beginning, and reached crest on 10th day, subsequently, went down gradually, but the EIS was single arc and had only one time constant all the time. Furthermore, the polarized resistance was still over 10000ohms after 90d. Therefore, corrosive medium was not able to reach the interface of coating/substrate metal. And the substrate metal was well protected consequently.
氟碳涂料是一种新型的高科技功能性涂料,其聚合物分子间的作用力低,决定着它具有非常低的表面自由能。因此,氟碳涂料具有不可润湿性、防沾污性和自润滑性。而它本身所特有的螺旋结构则决定了它具有一般涂料所难以比拟的优异的物理性能,在防腐蚀领域特别是复杂苛刻的海洋环境中有着广阔的应用前景。
本文选择了性能优异的聚三氟氯乙烯这种氟碳涂料,涂覆在紫铜上,研究了其阻垢能力和耐海水腐蚀性能。实验首先是通过配制超硬度的实验用水,测试了不同温度下,试样上所结水垢的量,然后通过SEM-EDX做了样品表面成分分析,结果表明涂料在样品表面附着均匀、致密,与基底金属结合紧密,可以有效地防止水垢的生成,并且还防止了金属铜的腐蚀问题。为进一步研究涂层的耐蚀性能,做了中性盐雾试验和电化学实验。在经过3000h的盐雾试验后,样品表面几乎没有变化,腐蚀增重率很小,金属腐蚀可以忽略不计;在为期90d的交流阻抗实验过程中,刚开始时阻抗弧不稳定,到第十天达到最大,然后慢慢减小,但始终为单弧容抗,只有一个时间常数。而且,在90d以后,极化电阻值仍然在10000Ω以上,因此,在实验期间,腐蚀介质不能到达涂层/基底金属界面,基底金属受到了良好的保护。
Confronting the serious fresh water scarcity, seawater desalination and utilization are feasible and economical. Copper and its alloys are optimal selections for seawater condensers because of their good mechanical property, easy moulding capability, hot conductivity and excellent anti-corrosion performance. Whereas, to a certain extent, copper and its alloys undergo some scaling and corrosion problems, because of the diversity and complexity of seawater, such questions restrict the application and development of seawater utilization technology.
Fluorocarbon coating is a newly developed high-tech functional coating, the interactional force among its polymeric molecules is low, which determines that its surface free energy is very low. As a result, fluorocarbon coating owns many good characteristics such as nonwetting property, anti-fouling property and self lubricating property. And its special spiral construction decides that it owns many incommensurably excellent physical properties. Therefore the coating is widely used in anti-corrosion fields especially in complicate and rigorous marine environment.
The polychlorotrifluoroethylene coating was selected and coated on the surface of copper pipe, furthermore its scale resistance and anti-corrosion performances were studied in this paper. The scale quantities on samples were tested through the super hard experimental water at different temperatures. After that the surface components were detected, the results indicated that the coating adhered equally and compactly to copper, both scale and corrosion were prevented effectively. In order to deeply study the anti-corrosion performance of coating, neutral salt spray test and electrochemical test were experimentalized. After 3000h’s salt spray test, the surface of coated samples showed scarcely any changes, and corrosive weight gain was so tiny that the corrosion of copper could be neglected. During the EIS experimental course for 90d, the EIS were not stable at beginning, and reached crest on 10th day, subsequently, went down gradually, but the EIS was single arc and had only one time constant all the time. Furthermore, the polarized resistance was still over 10000ohms after 90d. Therefore, corrosive medium was not able to reach the interface of coating/substrate metal. And the substrate metal was well protected consequently.
引文
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2.魏宝明.金属腐蚀理论及应用[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2002.
3.柯伟.中国腐蚀调查报告[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003.
4.曹楚南.腐蚀电化学原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1994.
5.何培新,李玉林.金属防腐蚀涂料.湖北化工[J],2001,(6):5-7.
6.徐兆瑜.氟碳涂料的研究进展和市场.现代涂料与涂装[J],2004,(3):30-35
7.肖鑫,秦灏.常温固化氟碳涂料的研究进展.湖北工程学院学报[J],2003,13(1):81-83.
8.管从胜,王威强.氟树脂涂料及应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
9.程时远, 陈艳军 陈沛智.氟涂料研究新进展.上海涂料[J], 2001, (5):15-18
10.钟素红,衣守志,李超.海水淡化预处理技术的现状及发展.海湖盐与化工[J].2005,35(1):27.
11.Habib K., Fakharal-Deen A. Risk assessment and evaluation of materials commonly sued in desalination plants subjected to pollution impact of the oil spill and oil fires in marine environment. Desalination [J].2001, 139:249-253
12.Hoepner T, Lattemann S. Chemical impacts from seawater desalination plants— a case study of the northern Red Sea. Desalination [J].2002, 152:133-140.
13.Husain A, Habib K. Investigation of tubing failure of super-heater boiler from Kuwait Desalination Electrical Power Plant. Desalination [J].2005, 183:203-208.
14.Gusmano G, Montesperelli G, Forte G, Benedetti A. On-line corrosion resistance tests in sea water on metals for MED plants. Desalination [J].2005, 183:187-194.
15.夏兰廷,黄桂桥,张三平等.金属材料的海洋腐蚀与防护[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.2003.
16.柴镇江.某型舰海水系统腐蚀泄露情况分析.船舶[J].2004,(2):37-39.
17.唐中华.经深冷处理提高黄铜耐海水腐蚀性.西南科技大学学报[J].2003,18(1):52-54.
18.李宴辉,夏雄凯.管带式冷凝器的腐蚀实验研究.制冷与空调[J].2004,4(1):45-47.
19.刘俊武,喻健良.酮苯装置立式氨用还是冷凝器改造.使用化工设施[J].2006,35(1):84-86.
20.刘刚,张奎志,曲政,韩冰.某滨海电厂钢结构腐蚀防护.腐蚀与防护[J].2004,25(9):400-402.
21.马捷,潘公瑾,何方正.船用制冰装置的海水冷凝器及辅助部件.水产科学[J].2004,23(11):37-39.
22.孟超,田俊杰,庞其伟.阴极保护技术在滨海电厂凝汽器防腐上的应用.腐蚀科学与防护技术[J].2001,13:509-510.
23.Habib K, Almatar O, Alfeeli B. Risk assessment and evaluation of materials commonly used in desalination plants subjected tu stress cracking in polluted marine environment. Desalination[J]. 2002, 153:217-221.
24.Al-Malahy Khalid S. E, Hodgkiess T. Comparative studies of the seawater corrosion behavior of a range of materials. Desalination [J].2003, 158: 35-42.
25.El-Dahahan M. E. Corrosion and scaling problems present in some desalination plants in Abu Dhabi. Desalination [J].2001, 138:371-377.
26.Elabbar M. M, Elmabrouk F. A. Environmental impact assessment for desalination plants in Libya. Case study: Benghazi North and Tobrouk desalination plants. Desalination [J].2005, 185:31-44.
27.Olsson J. Stainless steels for desalination plants. Desalination [J].2005, 183:217-225.
28.Al-Kawari M, Al-Nastaki N. Copper dust formation in a large scale MSF desalination pant. Desalination [J].2004, 166:153-156.
29.Konsowa A.H, El-Shazly A. H. Rate of zinc consumption during sacrificial cathodic protection of pipeline carrying saline water. Desalination [J].2002, 153:223-226.
30.任保才,罗静,丘玉江.煤矿井筒中水垢切割机理的研究.煤炭工程[J].2004,(9):82-84.
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