CNG加气站布点对城市交通影响分析
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摘要
随着石油资源的短缺和排放法规的日益严格，CNG汽车作为最佳代用燃料汽车在全国范围内大力推广起来，与此同时也引发了加气站投资建设的热潮。但加气站是最近几年才发展起来的，其布点选址缺乏科学、系统的规划理论作指导，不合理的布局和盲目的建站导致了加气车流的过度集中，从而造成城市交通网络中某些路段车流量增大，产生拥挤和堵塞，甚至导致整个城市交通系统失去平衡。因此，对城市CNG加气站布点开展交通影响评价工作，对保障城市交通建设的良性发展，维持和改善城市交通服务水平，促进城市空间结构合理化，协调土地使用与交通负荷、保证城市建设健康发展，解决城市交通问题具有深远的现实意义。
本文借鉴城市建设项目交通影响分析评价的理论和方法，在分析和总结国内外相关研究经验的基础上，针对加气站建设对城市交通影响的特点，提出了基于加气站建设的项目交通影响分析方法和评价指标体系及模型，对我国交通影响分析理论进行了有益探索。论文的主要研究成果和特色如下：
(1)建立了加气站交通影响分析理论框架。本论文在分析加气站建设与城市交通之间的相互影响、相互作用的互动关系的基础上，详细介绍了加气站交通影响分析的主要内容和技术流程，阐述了加气出行特征及加气站交通生成特点，并构建了城市加气站交通影响分析体系。
(2)针对传统的交通影响分析理论中的难点问题——交通影响范围的确定提出了新的思路。在借鉴国内外相关的研究经验的基础上，总结了四种常用的交通影响范围的确定方法的优缺点，结合加气站对城市交通影响的特点，提出了使用半定性半定量相结合的方法来确定加气站的交通影响范围。
(3)提出了基于灰色理论的加气站新增交通量预测方法。当进行交通影响分析时如果缺乏交通分区、OD矩阵、路网矩阵等资料，则无法利用四阶段模型进行交通量预测，对此，本文根据加气站交通生成特点和加气规律，采用灰色系统理论在预测城市CNG汽车保有量的基础上，得出了加气交通流量。
(4)建立了加气站交通影响综合评价指标体系。交通影响分析评价的是一项复杂系统工程，笔者遵循系统评价的一般步骤和评价指标体系建立的一般原则，构建了加气站交通影响评价指标体系的结构，并分层阐述了各级评价指标的含义、定量计算方法及指标评价的标准。
(5)建立了基于可拓法的加气站交通影响综合评价模型，并对模型中指标权重的确定方法进行了详细地说明。同时，为验证评价指标与评价模型的正确性，对成都市某CNG加气站的周边交通状况进行了评价，提出了改善措施。
With the shortage of petroleum resource and strict of emission regulations day by day, CNG vehicles which are the best alternative fuels vehicle have been generalized in the whole country. At the same time, the investment & money to CNG filling stations have been induced. However, as new development thing recent years, it is short of scientific and systemic theories for the layout of CNG filling station. The constructing of the station is out of place and eyeless at present, and CNG vehicle fueling flow focus on some roads overmuch. It has been arisen many outstanding problems: the traffic flow of the urban transportation network increase, the road crowd and jam, sometimes it results in the whole urban traffic imbalance. Therefore, traffic impact analysis(TIA) of urban CNG filling station which is profound practical significance in solving the urban traffic problems, can improve the urban traffic development & service level, advance urban structure for rationalization , assort with use of land and the transportation load, guarantee the urban construction healthy development.
The thesis, using theory and method of TIA on urban land development for reference, which based on domestic and foreign relevant study experience, put forward the TIA of urban filling station and evaluation index & model. Main research results and features of the thesis are as follows:
(1)TIA frame of urban CNG filling station is established. It analyses the interaction relations between CNG filling station and urban traffic, introduces the main contents and technique flow for TIA of filling station, and expound the character of CNG vehicle fueling station. It also sets up TIA system of urban filling station.
(2) A new idea to determine TIA scope, which is the difficult question of the traditional TIA theory, has been put forward. Based on domestic and foreign relevant study experience, the thesis summarized four kinds of methods of advantage &disadvantage used TIA scope. Combined with the behaviors character of filling station influence for urban traffic, the qualitative &quantificational method to determine TIA scope is brought forward.
(3)The prediction method of volume to be increased in view of CNG fueling station, which is based on the Grey Theory, has been applied. If it lacks the information carrying out TIA, such as traffic zone, OD data, matrix data of road network, four stages model couldn't apply. Basted on the orderliness of fueling behaviors, the grey theory is adopted to forecast urban CNG vehicle quantity, and then traffic volume of filling station is educed.
(4) An integrated TIA evaluation index system of CNG filling station is established. The author follows the general step of system evaluation and the general principle to establish the index sign evaluation system, and sets up TLA index system of CNG filling station, and then expatiates to the meaning and standard of all levels evaluation index sign.
(5)The thesis also discusses and analyze the establishing process of CNG filling station TIA evaluation model, and it is explained particularly that the method-improved hierarchy analysis process is used in ascertaining the index sign important degree .At the same time, in order to validate the accuracy of evaluation index sign and model, author evaluates certain CNG station around traffic status in Chengdu city, and put forward improvement opinion.
本文借鉴城市建设项目交通影响分析评价的理论和方法，在分析和总结国内外相关研究经验的基础上，针对加气站建设对城市交通影响的特点，提出了基于加气站建设的项目交通影响分析方法和评价指标体系及模型，对我国交通影响分析理论进行了有益探索。论文的主要研究成果和特色如下：
(1)建立了加气站交通影响分析理论框架。本论文在分析加气站建设与城市交通之间的相互影响、相互作用的互动关系的基础上，详细介绍了加气站交通影响分析的主要内容和技术流程，阐述了加气出行特征及加气站交通生成特点，并构建了城市加气站交通影响分析体系。
(2)针对传统的交通影响分析理论中的难点问题——交通影响范围的确定提出了新的思路。在借鉴国内外相关的研究经验的基础上，总结了四种常用的交通影响范围的确定方法的优缺点，结合加气站对城市交通影响的特点，提出了使用半定性半定量相结合的方法来确定加气站的交通影响范围。
(3)提出了基于灰色理论的加气站新增交通量预测方法。当进行交通影响分析时如果缺乏交通分区、OD矩阵、路网矩阵等资料，则无法利用四阶段模型进行交通量预测，对此，本文根据加气站交通生成特点和加气规律，采用灰色系统理论在预测城市CNG汽车保有量的基础上，得出了加气交通流量。
(4)建立了加气站交通影响综合评价指标体系。交通影响分析评价的是一项复杂系统工程，笔者遵循系统评价的一般步骤和评价指标体系建立的一般原则，构建了加气站交通影响评价指标体系的结构，并分层阐述了各级评价指标的含义、定量计算方法及指标评价的标准。
(5)建立了基于可拓法的加气站交通影响综合评价模型，并对模型中指标权重的确定方法进行了详细地说明。同时，为验证评价指标与评价模型的正确性，对成都市某CNG加气站的周边交通状况进行了评价，提出了改善措施。
With the shortage of petroleum resource and strict of emission regulations day by day, CNG vehicles which are the best alternative fuels vehicle have been generalized in the whole country. At the same time, the investment & money to CNG filling stations have been induced. However, as new development thing recent years, it is short of scientific and systemic theories for the layout of CNG filling station. The constructing of the station is out of place and eyeless at present, and CNG vehicle fueling flow focus on some roads overmuch. It has been arisen many outstanding problems: the traffic flow of the urban transportation network increase, the road crowd and jam, sometimes it results in the whole urban traffic imbalance. Therefore, traffic impact analysis(TIA) of urban CNG filling station which is profound practical significance in solving the urban traffic problems, can improve the urban traffic development & service level, advance urban structure for rationalization , assort with use of land and the transportation load, guarantee the urban construction healthy development.
The thesis, using theory and method of TIA on urban land development for reference, which based on domestic and foreign relevant study experience, put forward the TIA of urban filling station and evaluation index & model. Main research results and features of the thesis are as follows:
(1)TIA frame of urban CNG filling station is established. It analyses the interaction relations between CNG filling station and urban traffic, introduces the main contents and technique flow for TIA of filling station, and expound the character of CNG vehicle fueling station. It also sets up TIA system of urban filling station.
(2) A new idea to determine TIA scope, which is the difficult question of the traditional TIA theory, has been put forward. Based on domestic and foreign relevant study experience, the thesis summarized four kinds of methods of advantage &disadvantage used TIA scope. Combined with the behaviors character of filling station influence for urban traffic, the qualitative &quantificational method to determine TIA scope is brought forward.
(3)The prediction method of volume to be increased in view of CNG fueling station, which is based on the Grey Theory, has been applied. If it lacks the information carrying out TIA, such as traffic zone, OD data, matrix data of road network, four stages model couldn't apply. Basted on the orderliness of fueling behaviors, the grey theory is adopted to forecast urban CNG vehicle quantity, and then traffic volume of filling station is educed.
(4) An integrated TIA evaluation index system of CNG filling station is established. The author follows the general step of system evaluation and the general principle to establish the index sign evaluation system, and sets up TLA index system of CNG filling station, and then expatiates to the meaning and standard of all levels evaluation index sign.
(5)The thesis also discusses and analyze the establishing process of CNG filling station TIA evaluation model, and it is explained particularly that the method-improved hierarchy analysis process is used in ascertaining the index sign important degree .At the same time, in order to validate the accuracy of evaluation index sign and model, author evaluates certain CNG station around traffic status in Chengdu city, and put forward improvement opinion.
引文
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