用户名: 密码: 验证码:
亚慢性硝酸钐染毒对雄性小鼠生殖系统影响的实验研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
我国的稀土储藏量居世界首位。随着稀土元素的广泛应用,其生物效应倍受关注,但迄今为止,关于长时间接触稀土化合物对雄性生殖系统影响等方面的研究很少见报道。本研究通过让初断乳雄性小鼠自由饮用0、5、50、500和2000 mg/L的硝酸钐水溶液90d,运用动物行为学、生物化学、细胞生物学、组织形态学和毒理学等方法,研究了硝酸钐染毒对雄性小鼠的一般中毒症状、体重和主要脏器重量、性行为、生育能力、精子质量、睾丸内生化指标和微量元素含量以及睾丸组织结构的影响,现将主要研究成果总结如下:
     1.硝酸钐染毒后,雄性小鼠爬跨潜伏期随着染毒剂量的增加而延长,呈现直线变化的剂量对数-效应关系,其中高剂量组小鼠爬跨潜伏期、射精潜伏期与射精间隔期明显延长,而爬跨次数与射精次数明显减少,可见饮用硝酸钐可导致雄性小鼠性行为的改变。
     2.各染毒组雄鼠生育指数和雌鼠受孕率随染毒剂量的增加呈下降的趋势,介雄性小鼠染毒后异常胚胎率明显上升,活胚胎仔鼠体长和尾长缩短,体形改变,硝酸钐染毒后雄性小鼠生育力下降,后代仔鼠的生长发育也受到抑制。
     3.饮用中高浓度的硝酸钐溶液导致小鼠饮水量减少;硝酸钐可致附睾的重量和脏器系数以及肝脏的脏器系数降低;染毒后小鼠睾丸形态结构受到损伤,曲精小管上皮细胞层次减少,高剂量组小鼠生精细胞破坏明显,间质细胞变性、空泡化明显,支持细胞内出现了脂滴、溶酶体和髓样结构、线粒体肿胀、空泡化等症状。
     4.雄性小鼠染毒后精子质量明显下降:精子活力降低,不活动精子所占比率增加,精子数量明显减少,精子顶体完整率降低,小鼠精子总畸形
China has the first storage of Rare earth element (REE) in the world. With the extensive applications of REE, biological effects of REE arouse people's intensive attention, but the effect of long-time intake of rare earth compounds on male reproductive system has been unknown. In the experiment, the weaned male mice were divided into 5 treatment groups with drinking samarium nitrate at the dose of 0, 5, 50, 500, 2000 mg/L for 90 days. By using the methods of animal behavior, biochemistry, cell biology, toxicology, morphology and histology, effect of subchronic samarium nitrate exposure on the commonly toxic symptoms, weight of body and main organs, sexual behavior, fertility test, sperm quality, biochemical indexes and trace elements contents in mice testes, testicle structure and ultrastructure of male mice were studied. The main results obtained from the experiment were summarized as follows:
    1. Mounting latency of mice prolonged with the dose increased after subchronic intake of samarium nitrate, and a dose-response relationship between the dose logarithm of samarium nitrate and mounting latency was evident. Mounting latency, ejaculation latency and interval were significantly increased and times of mounting and ejaculation were decreased after high dose of samarium nitrate exposure. In short, high dose of samarium nitrate intake could change sexual behavior of male mice.
    2. The reproductive index of male mice and fertilization rate of female mice showed a declined tendency with the dose increased. And intake of samarium nitrate could remarkablely increase the abnormality rate of embryos and shorten body length and tail length of live embryos by the paternal exposure. The results indicated that samarium nitrate intake could decrease the reproductive ability of male mice and inhibit embryonic development.
    3. Middle and high dose intake of samarium nitrate decreased water intake of male mice. And there was statistical difference between the control group and high dose group in weight and organ coefficient of epididymis and organ coefficient of liver. Moreover, by subchronic samarium nitrate exposure
引文
[1] Comhaire F, Waeleghem K V, Clereq N, et al. Statement on the general reduction in sperm quality[J]. International Journal of Andrology, 1995, 12, 2: 1-2.
    [2] Sripada S, Giannaris D, Mathers E M, et al. Clinical Embryologists and British Fertility Society [J]. Liverpool(UK), 2004, 1: 5-6.
    [3] 张树成,贺斌,王弘毅,等.有关环境与男性精液质量变化的几个问题——我国男性精液质量下降的最新数据[J].中国计划生育学杂志,2003,3:189-191.
    [4] 张树成,孟小波,刘斌,等.不同人群精液质量现状的分析[J].Development and Reproductive Biology, 2002,11:126.
    [5] Purvis K, Christiansen E. Male infertility: current concepts[J]. Annals of Medicine, 1992, 24: 258-272.
    [6] Ghazeeri, Ghina S, Kutteh, et al. Autoimmune factors in reproductive failure [J]. Current opinion in obstetrics and gynecology, 2001, 13(3):287-291.
    [7] Dohle G.R, Weidner W, Jungwirth A, et al. Guidelines on male infertility[J]. European Association of Urology, 2004, 3: 1-68.
    [8] Gori S, Porrozzi S, Roila F, et al. Germ cell tumors of the testis [J]. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 2005, 53: 141-164.
    [9] Tielemans E, Burdrof A, Te-Velde E R, et al. Occupational related exposures and reduced semen quality: a case-control study [J]. Fertility and Sterility, 1999, 4: 690-696.
    [10] 刘风云,尹迎春,苏延友.环境污染对优生的影响[J].医学理论与实验,2003,16(9):993-995.
    [11] Wyrobek A J, Schmid T E, Francesco M. Cross-Species Sperm-FISH Assays for Chemical Testing and Assessing Paternal Risk for Chromosomally Abnormal Pregnancies[J]. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 2005, 45: 271-283.
    [12] 覃丹丹,仇小强,张志勇.广西2000年出生缺陷环境致畸因素危险度评价[J].环境与职业医学,2004,21(2):135-138.
    [13] 陈祖义.稀土元素的脑部蓄积性、毒性及其对人群健康的潜在危害[J].农村生态环境,2005,21(4):72-73,80.
    [14] 齐宏涛,汪东风,杜德红,等.稀土在水产养殖业中的应用研究进展[J].水产学杂志,2003,16(2):58,77-82.
    [15] 丁维新.土壤中稀土元素研究的进展[J].稀有金属,1995,19(4):290-295.
    [16] 侯庆烈.中国稀土工业-巨龙的崛起[J].有色冶炼,1994,6:8-12.
    [17] 国家发展和改革委员会办公室.2003年中国稀土年评[J].稀土信息,2004,3:2-5.
    [18] 周光理.稀土微肥在土壤中残留问题的研究[J].微量元素与健康研究,2003,20(3):6-7.
    [19] 高锦张,龙全江,杨韬.中国稀土药物研究进展[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2002,38(1):108-111.
    [20] 刘大森,单安山.稀土饲料添加剂的代谢及安全性[J].饲料工业,2001,22(11):17-19.
    [21] 陈海波.中国的宝藏——稀土[J].百科知识,2004,2:25.
    [22] 杨先科,李敏,李义,等.稀土农用对环境的影响[J].地球与环境,2005,33(1):68-70.
    [23] Hirano, Seishiro, Suzuki, et al. Exposure, metabolism and toxicity of rare earth and related??compounds [J]. Environmental health perspectives supplements, 1996, 104(suppl 1): 85-95.
    [24] Kanazawa Y, Kamitani M. Rare earth minerals and resources in the world[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2006, 408-412: 1339-1343.
    [25] 彭安,王子健.稀土环境化学研究的进展[J].环境科学进展,1995,3:22-31.
    [26] Hedrick J B. Mineral Commodity Summaries [J]. Geological Survey, 2004, 1: 132-133.
    [27] 侯宗林.中国稀土资源概况——我国稀土资源与地质科学发展述评[Z].
    [28] 浙江发现稀土矿[J].国外金属矿选矿,2000,3:44.
    [29] 郝洪波,吴向阳,章继高.稀土农用技术的开发及应用[J].小氮肥,2000,4:10-14.
    [30] 刘佳梅,孟晓婷,陈东,等.混合稀土“常乐”对大鼠脾细胞IL-2和γ-IFN的影响[J].中国稀土学报,2003,21(3):328-330.
    [31] 周宁波,肖华,何新快.稀土对鸡胚胎生物效应的影响[J].稀土,2004,25(3):68-70.
    [32] 曲克明,辛福言,刘立波,等.稀土元素在海水养殖中的研究进展[J].海洋水产研究,2002,23(3):62-66.
    [33] 孔薇,张秀英.稀土元素在医药上的应用[J].微量元素与健康研究,2000,17(2):67-69.
    [34] Tomizuka R, Kanetaka H, Shimizu Y, et al. Orthodontic tooth movement using the attractive force of rare earth magnets in rats[J]. International Congress Series, 2005, 1284: 322-323.
    [35] 陈颖,谢寅峰,曹福亮.稀土在组织及细胞培养上的应用研究进展[J].福建林学院学报,2003,23(4):293-296.
    [36] Essington M E, Mattigod S V. Element partitioning in size and density-fractionated sewage sludge and sludge-amended soil[J]. Soil Science Society of America journal,1990, 54: 385-394.
    [37] Peter M, Giulio M, Peter D. Anomalous Gadolinium, Cerium, and Yttrium Contents in the Adige and Isarco River Waters and in the Water of Their Tributaries (Provinces Trento and Bolzano/Bozen, NE Italy) [J]. Acta Hydrochimica and Hydrobiologica, 2003, 31(3): 225-239.
    [38] Tucher S V, Schmidhalter U. Lanthanum uptake from soil and nutrient solution and its effects on plant growth[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2005, 168: 574-580.
    [39] Haley P J. Pulmonary toxicity of stable and radioactive lanthanides[J]. Health Physics, 1991, 61: 809-820.
    [40] 朱方为,徐素琴,邵萍萍,等.赣南稀土区生物效应研究——稀土日允许摄入量[J].中国环境科学,1997,17(1):63-66.
    [41] 祁俊生,付川,王裕玲.稀土在农作物中吸收分布[J].重庆大学学报,2004,27(2):111-115.
    [42] 罗建美,季宏兵.稀土元素在环境中的行为及其生态效应[J].首都师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(3):60-64.
    [43] 王洋,聂刘旺,陈启龙.稀土元素的生物安全性探讨[J].生物学杂志,2004,21(2):4-6.
    [44] 刘翠格.稀土元素在生物体内的生理生化作用[J].河北师范学院学报(自然科学版),1994,3:76-86.
    [45] Marciniak M, Chas J, Baltrukiewicz Z. Transport of lanthanides in milk into suckling rats[J]. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 1996, 40(4): 351.
    [46] Enomoto S, Yanaga M, Hirunnma R, et al. Behavior and metabolism of various rare earth elements studied in rats by the multitracer technique[J]. Kidorui, 1995, 26: 406.[47] 屈艾,汪承润,薄军,等.运用单细胞凝胶电泳研究稀土元素钬对小鼠骨髓细胞DNA的损伤[J].癌变·畸变·突变,2004,16(6):328-331.
    [48] 刘志宏,雷志明,魏雪涛,等.小鼠妊娠期、哺乳期接触混合硝酸稀土对仔代免疫功能的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2005,22(1):39-41.
    [49] 曾玉志,吴集贵,邓汝温.稀土化合物的药理学作用[J].化学通报,1986,11:28.
    [50] 杨维东,王艇,雷衡毅,等.稀土生物效应研究进展[J].稀土,2000,21(3):62-70.
    [51] 于彤,李亚明,任艳,等.中子活化分析研究长期摄入氯化镧对大鼠脑中部分常量和微量元素含量的影响[J].核技术,2005,28(7):510-512.
    [52] Lakii K M, Zimakov I A, Novikova N V, et al. Pharmacology of compounds of rare earth elements[J]. Pharmacology and Toxicology (USSR), 1982, 45(6): 89.
    [53] Hocine N, Berry J P, Jaafoura H, et al. Subcellular localization of gadolinium injected as soluble salt in rats: a microanalytical study[J]. Cell Molecular Biology, 1995, 41(2): 271.
    [54] 程发良,苏亚铃,阮湘元,等.轻稀土在大白鼠体内的代谢及生理效应[J].东芜理工学院学报,1995,2(1):17-20.
    [55] 周宁,卢国埕,陈冠英,等.动物毛发与内脏中稀土元素含量的相关性研究[J].北京医科大学学报,1994,26(2):144.
    [56] 陈丰连,孔聘颜.人牙中微量稀土元素测定及其与稀土本底关联的研究[J].微量元素与健康研究,2004,21(5):38-41.
    [57] Zhuang G ,Zhou Y ,Lu H ,et al. Concentration of rare earth elements, As, and Th in human brain and brain tumors, determined by neutron activation analysis[J]. Biological Trace Element Research, 1996, 3(1-3): 45.
    [58] 刘永生,刘建华,朱少英.稀土元素的作用机理研究进展[J].饲料博览,1999,11(2):28-29.
    [59] Shinohara A, Chiba M, Inaba Y. Comparative study of the behavior of terbium, samarium, and ytterbium intravenously administered in mice[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2006, 408-412: 405-408.
    [60] 宋智娟,赵国先,张晓云,等.稀土的作用机理及饲用安全性[J].中国饲料,2005,10:24-25.
    [61] Wu Y P, Mi Y, Shen H, et al. Studies of rare earth element distribution and action in human erythrocyte and animal hepatocyte by PIXE[J]. 2002, 189(1-4): 459-463.
    [62] 周秀杰,赵红波,胡振东.高浓度稀土Nd(NO_3)_3等毒性研究[J].淮北煤炭师范学院学报,2005,26(2):51-56.
    [63] 杨志强,董明显,稀土毒理学研究进展[J].动物毒理学,1991,6(2):55-57.
    [64] Eapen J T, Kartha C C, Rathinam K, et al. Levels of cerium in the tissues of rats fed a magnesium-restricted and cerium-adulterated diet[J]. Bulletin of Environment and Contamination Toxicology, 1996, 56(2): 178-182.
    [65] Kartha C C, Eapen J T, Radhakumary C, et al. Pattern of cardiac fibrosis in rabbits periodical ly fed a magnesium-restricted diet and administered rare earth chloride through drinking water[J]. Biological Trace Element Research, 1998, 63(1): 19-30.
    [66] 胡广春,贾珂君.稀土粉尘作业工人肺通气功能分析[J].中华医疗卫生,2003,12,1(3):39.[67] 刘中韬,刘小真,肖经和.农用稀土喷施对作业环境及作业人群健康影响[J].中国公共卫生,2005,21(8):922-923.
    [68] 李丽萍,邹彤彤,邹世渠.碳弧灯粉尘细胞毒性的研究[J].卫生毒理学杂志,1994,8(2):82.
    [69] 范广勤,郑辉利,袁兆康.稀土暴露对儿童智商的影响[J].环境与健康杂志,2005,22(4):256-258.
    [70] 何萍,莫宁.氯化钐对大鼠离体颈上神经节烟碱传递的影响[J].广西医科大学学报,2001,18(6):773-775.
    [71] 罗佛全,赵为禄,吴菊梅,等.稀土暴露对人体免疫功能的影响[J].免疫学杂志,2004,20(4):291-293.
    [72] 彭瑞玲,潘小川,解清,等.稀土矿区哺乳期婴幼儿及其母亲指血和乳汁中的稀土元素含量[J].中华预防医学杂志,2005,39(1):6.
    [73] 范广勤,袁兆康,郑辉利.儿童稀土暴露的健康效应研究[J].卫生研究,2004,33(1):23-28.
    [74] 冯嘉,张辉,朱方为,等.稀土高背景区稀土生物学效应研究Ⅰ轻稀土区人群血液生化指标[J].中国稀土学报,2000,18(4):356-359.
    [75] 吴磊,周跃平,钟宏京.赣南稀土矿区白血病病例对照研究[J].中华流行病学杂志,2003,24(10):879-882.
    [76] 金秉恩,吴建军,肖桂凡.稀土冶炼作业对女工健康与生殖功能危害的调查[J].劳动医学,1991,8(4):17-19.
    [77] 秦俊法,陈祥友,李增禧.稀土的毒理学效应[J].广东微量元素科学,2002,9(5):1-10.
    [78] 牛云彤,周茂华,李少平.铈镧混合稀土化合物对小鼠皮肤的影响[J].中国公共卫生学报,1997,16(6):372.
    [79] 王洋,聂刘旺,陈文,等.硝酸镧在小鼠肝中的积累及遗传毒理研究[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(1):13-136.
    [80] 夏青,陈东,董智勇.混和稀土常乐对大鼠肝脏酶组织化学活性的影响[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2004,30(1):20-22.
    [81] Wu H F, Zhang X Y, Li X J, et al. Acute biochemical effects of La(NO_3)_3 on liver and kidney tissues by magic-angle spinning 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and pattern recognition[J]. Analytical Biochemistry, 2005, 339(2): 242-248.
    [82] Liu Y, Chen D, Chen A J. The study on effect of long-termed administration of mixed rare earth Changle on rat liver[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Medicine Edition), 2002, 28(26): 567-570.
    [83] Nakamura Y, Tsumura Y, Tonogai Y, et al. Differences in behavior among the chlorides of seven rare earth elements administered intravenously to rats[J]. Fundamental Applied Toxicology, 1997, 37(2): 106.
    [84] Yoneda S, Emi N, Fujita Y, et al. Effects of gadolinium chloride on the rat lung following intratracheal instillation [J]. Fundamental Applied Toxicology, 1995, 28(1): 65.
    [85] 巩菊芳,章子贵,申秀英,等.铈对大鼠脏器系数及肝肾抗氧化能力的影响[J].工业卫生与职业病,2005,3 1(2):76-79
    [86] Lee W Y, Moon E Y, Lee J, et al. Toxicities of ~(166)Holmium-chitosan in mice [J]. Arzneimittelforschung, 1998, 48(3): 300.
    [87] 李小晶,冯江华,张善荣,等.稀土对鼠代谢产物影响的核磁共振研究[J].分析化学研究报告,2000,??28(12):1472-1475.
    [88] 吴惠丰,张晓宇,孙国英,等.硝酸镥急性毒性的体液核磁共振氢谱研究[J].分析化学,2004,32(11):1431-1435.
    [89] 凌云,吴凌伟.硝酸铈对小白鼠胃肠推进运动的影响[J].江西医学学院学报,2002,12(6):19-21.
    [90] 黄可欣,聂毓秀,陈曦,等.长期口服硝酸稀土对大鼠腺垂体生长激素细胞的影响[J].中国稀土学报,2003,21(6):691-694。
    [91] 刘玉,陈祖义,王元兴.稀土元素铈(Ce)对雄性小鼠精子畸形率和血清睾酮分泌的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2001,24(1):77-80.
    [92] 王丽华,王绍,唐毓秀,等.低剂量氯化钐对大鼠血清激素水平的影响[J].中国稀土学报,1996,14(2):186-188.
    [93] 李荣昌,杨惠雯,王夔.低剂量长期饲喂La(NO_3)_3后La在大鼠骨中的蓄积及骨微结构的改变[J].北京大学学报(医学版),2003,35(6):622-624.
    [94] Meyer J M, Mezrahid P, Vignon F, et al. Sertoli cell barrier dysfunction and spermatogenetic cycle breakdown in the human testis: a lanthanum tracer investigation [J]. International Journal of Andrology, 1996, 19(3): 190-198.
    [95] 陈祖义,刘玉,程微,等.稀土元素~(147)pm、~(141)Ce、~(147)Nd的环境毒理研究[J].农村生态环境,2002,18(4):52-55.
    [96] 张华,卢国埕.稀土元素的生殖毒性[J].国外医学卫生学分册,1989,16(5):270-273.
    [97] Shinohara A, Chiba M. Distribution of terbium and increase in calcium concentrations in organs of mice administered with terbium chloride[J]. Toxicology, 1991, 66: 93-103.
    [98] Marciniak M, Baltrukiewicz Z, Chas J. The effect of toxic doses of lanthanum and cerium on the placental barrier and the blood/organ barrier in mice after intravenous injection of these elements[J]. Acta Physiological polonica, 1998, 39(4): 294-299.
    [99] 刘玉.铈和钕在小鼠体内的分布与蓄积及其对性腺激素分泌的影响[D].江苏南京:南京农业大学,2000,6.
    [100] 李寅增,尚兰琴,贾凤兰.等.氯化钇经口急性毒性大鼠内脏病理组织学改变[C].长春:《中国稀土学会第三届学术年会论文》5分册,1989,99-101.
    [101] 纪云晶,崔明珍,高淑清,等.稀土硝酸盐对大鼠的亚慢性毒性实验研究[J].中国稀土学报,1985,专辑:65-69.
    [102] 张华,卢国理,沈子威,等.稳定态氯化钇对大鼠精子的毒性[J].卫生毒理学杂志,1991,5(1):38-40.
    [103] 沈旭,谢毓元.2-羰基丙酸(2,4-二硝基苯基)腙镧系配合物的合成及其对大鼠精子抑制效应的研究[J].无机化学学报,1995,4:371-377.
    [104] Shimada H, Nagano M, Funakoshi T, et al.Pulmonary toxicity of systemic terbium chloride in mice[J]. Toxicology and Environmental Health, 1996, 48(1): 81-92.
    [105] 陈祖义.核素示踪技术研究稀土元素~(147)pm、~(141)Ce和~(147)Nd的环境毒理与安全性.核农学报[J],2004,18(1):36-42.
    [106] Ji Y J, Cui M Z. Toxicological studies on safety of rare earths used in agriculture [J]. Biomedicine and Environment Science, 1988, 1: 270-276.[107] 黄海雄,张锦周,慈捷元,等.SQA鳌合盐的急性毒性和致突变性研究[J].职业与健康,2005,21(2):176-177.
    [108] Robinson G A, Wasnidge D C, Floto F, et al. ~(153)Gadolinium as a useful radiate lanthanide for long-term labeling of tissues in Japanese quail[J]. Poultry Science, 1981, 60: 861-866.
    [109] Robinson G A, Wasnidge D C, Floto F. Distribution of ~(140)La and ~(47)Ca in female Japanese quail and in the eggs laid[J]. Poultry Science, 1978, 57: 190-196.
    [110] Abramczuk J W, The effects of lanthanum chloride on pregnancy in mice and on preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro[J]. Toxicology. 1985, 34(4): 315-320.
    [111] 朱子玉,沈爱英,沈颂东.稀土对小鼠卵母细胞成熟和孤雌活化的影响[J].中国公共卫生,2005,21(3):282.
    [112] Levack V M, Hone P A, Phipps A W, et al. The placental transfer of cerium: experimental studies and estimates of doses to the human fetus from ~(141)Ce and ~(144)Ce[J]. International Journal of Radiate Biology, 2002, 78(3): 227-235.
    [113] 董智勇,陈东,刘颖,等.混合稀土常乐在孕鼠和胎鼠肝中蓄积及对肝脏钙含量的影响[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2003,29(1):13-15.
    [114] 刘志宏,雷志明,魏学涛,等.混合稀土硝酸盐对仔鼠免疫功能的影响[J].中国公共卫生,2003,19(2):136-138.
    [115] 张维得,李凡庆,张小云.痕量稀土元素钇、镱在小白鼠体内的分布和影响[J].科学通报,1988,33(17):1339-1343.
    [116] 雷志明,魏雪涛,薛彬.硝酸稀土对小鼠仔代免疫功能的影响[J].中国公共卫生,2000,16(10):911-912.
    [117] 杨再福,赵梅英,武章宜,等.柠檬酸稀土对青虾卵子孵化的影响[J].浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),2001,20(3):192-194.
    [118] 王永玲,杨彩根,蔡春芳,等.稀土元素对泥鳅胚胎发育的影响[J].淡水渔业,2003,33(1):19-20.
    [119] 孔聘颜,钟炜铁,梅阳艺,等.稀土元素镧、铽、镱在雏鸡中的分布及其生物效应[J].广东微量元素科学,1998,5(9):19-22.
    [120] Gale T F. The embryo toxicity of ytterbium chloride in golden hamsters[J]. Teratology, 1975, 11(3): 289-295.
    [121] Agostino R B, Lown B A, Morganti J B, et al. Effects of in utero or suckling exposure to cerium(citrate) on the postnatal development of the mouse[J]. Journal of Toxicological and Environmental Health, 1982, 10: 449-458.
    [122] Shi Q X, Yuan Y Y, Roldan E R. Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) induces the acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa[J]. Molecular Human Reproduction, 1997, 3(8): 677-683.
    [123] 卢晓翠,王登高,林青.氨基酸稀土混配物九十天喂饲对大白鼠繁殖的影响[J].卫生毒理学杂志,1994,8(1):36-38.
    [124] 张铣,刘毓谷.毒理学[M].北京:北京医科大学、中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1997,11:230-231.
    [125] 符健,王玉芳,邝少轶.盐酸阿扑吗啡对大鼠性功能的影响[J].中国药理学通报,2003,19(8):923-925.[126] 丁训城,蒋学之,顾祖维,等.男性生殖毒理学[M].北京:中国人口出版社,1997,7:202-203.
    [127] 王茵,祝慧娟,来伟旗,等.L-2-吡咯烷酮-5-羧酸酯对大鼠的生殖毒性[J].中华预防医学杂志,2003,37(3):178-182
    [128] 徐厚恩,张铣.卫生毒理学基础[M].北京:北京医科大学和中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1991,9:67-68,148-149.
    [129] 宣登峰,易建华,画伟.锰对小鼠精子的损害作用[J].工业卫生与职业病,2002,28(1):17-19.
    [130] 于峰,姚宝玉,王薏.小鼠畸形精子分型[J].上海实验动物科学,1997,17(4):234-236.
    [131] 李宁,刘泽钦,贾旭东,等.氯丙醇对大鼠的毒性研究[J].卫生研究,2003,32(4):349-352.
    [132] 江泉观,于永强.雄(男)性生殖毒理学理论与方法[M].北京:北京医科大学、中国协和医科大学联合出版社,1994:232-235.
    [133] Sarah M Z and Dustin J P. Abnormal behaviors induced by chemical pollution: a review of the evidence and new challenges[J]. Animal Behavior,2004, 68(4): 640-664.
    [134] 王忠山,许宗革,左文静,等.青春期糖尿病鼠性腺重量与性行为观察[J].Chinese Journal of Andrology, 1996,10(2):86-89.
    [135] Cisneros F J, Branch S. Transplacental exposure to the DNA demethylating agent, 5-AZA-CdR, affects the sexual behavior of CD-1 male mice [J]. Neurotoxicology, 2004, 25: 411-417.
    [136] Kang J K, Lee Y J, No K O, et al. Ginseng intestinal metabolite-Ⅰ (GIM-Ⅰ) reduces doxorubicin toxicity in the mouse testis[J]. Reproductive Toxicology, 2002, 16: 291-298.
    [137] 陈丰连,钟广涛.稀土元素镧在小白鼠体内的积累及其对生殖的影响[J].微量元素与健康,2004,21(4):6-7,12.
    [138] 李国华,席小平,贾继峰,等.Wistar大鼠主要脏器系数与体重相关性的探讨[J].山西医药杂志,2005,34(8):661-662.
    [139] Ponnapakkam T P, Bailey K S, Graves K A, et al. Assessment of male reproductive system in the CD-1 mice following oral manganese exposure[J]. Reproductive Toxicology, 2003, 17: 547-551.
    [140] Biswas N M, Chattopadhyay A, Sarkar M. Effects of gold on testicular steoidogenic and gametogenic functions in immature male albino rats[J]. Life Sciences,2004, 6(6): 629-636.
    [141] Ojha P, Dhar J D, Dwivedi A K, et al. Effect of antispermatogenetic agents on cell marker enzymes of rat Sertoli cells in vitro[J]. Contraception, 2006, 73(1): 102-106.
    [142] Aragon M A, Ayala M E, Fortoul T I, et al. Vanadium induced ultrastructural changes and apoptosis in male germ cells[J]. Reproductive toxicology, 2005, 20(1): 127-134.
    [143] Wai Y W, Gert F, Pascal M W, et al.The impact of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and copper in blood and seminal plasma on semen parameters in men[J]. Reproductive toxicology, 2001, 15(2): 131-136.
    [144] 王灿,张朝红.氯化汞对小鼠精子毒作用的研究[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,1994,12(5):290-291.
    [145] Jeong S H, Kim B Y, Kang H G, et al. Effects of butylated hydroxyanisole on the development and functions of reproductive system in rats[J]. Toxicology, 2005, 208(1): 49-62.
    [146] 黄丽芳,沈雪松.稀土的生物功能[J].华夏医学,2002,15(5):693-695.
    [147] 刘玉,杨利国,陈祖义,等.稀土在动物上的应用及其生物学效应研究进展[J].动物科学与动物医??学,2000,17(4):19-21.
    [148] 汤洁,张宁,丁小平,等.精液分析中各参数与项体完整率、畸形率和存活率相关性研究[J].中国优生与遗传杂志,2002,10(5):112,116.
    [149] 曾丽华,郭国祯,任东青,等.高功率微波辐射对雄性大鼠生殖细胞的影响[J].强激光与粒子束,2005,17(8):1267-1271.
    [150] 王夔,白春礼,李荣昌,等.经消化道吸收的氯化铈诱导Wistar大鼠红细胞膜“畴”结构的形成[J].科学通报,1999,44(14):1520-1523.
    [151] Amardeep J, Vipan K P, Sudheer K M, et al. 5-Aminosalicylic acid reverses endosulfan-induced testicular toxicity in male rats[J]. Mutation Research, 2005, 585(1-2):50-59.
    [152] Natori Y, Rhoton A L. Microsurgical anatomy of the superior orbital fissure [J]. Neurosurgery, 1995, 36: 762.
    [153] 张波,徐光翠,刘峰,等.氧乐果对小鼠睾丸特征性酶的影响及茶多酚的拮抗作用[J].环境与健康杂志,2005,22(5):340-342.
    [154] 王艇,苏应娟,雷衡毅,等.Ce~(3+)和Tb~(3+)对鸡体内四种同工酶酶谱的影响[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),1996,35(增刊2):182-184.
    [155] Yousef M I. Aluminium-induced changes in hemato-biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation and enzyme activities of male rabbits: protective role of ascorbic acid[J]. Toxicology, 2004, 199(1): 47-57.
    [156] Mylchreest E, Cattley R C, Foster P M D. Male reproductive tract malformations in rats following gestational and lactational exposure to di(n-butyl)phthalate: an antiandrogenic mechanism?[J]. Toxicological Science, 1998, 43: 47-60.
    [157] 韦日生,安丽芝,黄宇营,等用同步辐射X射线荧光分析研究硝酸镧对单个平滑肌细胞内重要元素的影响[J].核技术,2004,27(12):958-962.
    [158] Goddard I, Florin A, Mauduit C, et al. Alteration of lactate production and transport in the adult rat testis exposed in utero to flutamide[J]. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 2003, 206(1-2): 137-146.
    [159] 王水明,王德文,彭瑞云,等.电磁脉冲辐射对小鼠生精细胞能量代谢的影响[J].中华物理医学及康复杂志,2003,25(9):516-519.
    [160] Sinha N, Narayan R, Saxena D K. Effect of endosulfan on the testis of growing rats[J]. Bulletin of Environment and Contamination Toxicology, 1997, 58(1): 79-86.
    [161] 刘江燕,苏国钧,雷衡毅,等.稀土对大鼠6种组织中乳酸脱氢酶同工酶谱的影响[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),1997,36(增刊2):67-71.
    [162] 王伟列,涂楚桥,王光辉.稀土金属离子与酶分子的相互作用研究进展[J].稀土,1998,19(3):57-65.
    [163] Prahalathan C,Selvakumar E,Varalakshmi P. Protective effect of lipoic acid on adriamycin-induced testicular toxicity[J]. Clinica Chimica Acta, 2005, 36(1-2): 160-166.
    [164] 王爱红,吴建辉,朱守民,等.氯乙烯对大鼠精子生成量和畸形率的影响[J].环境与职业医学,2004,21(3):213.
    [165] Gunaratne H G, Vacquier V D. Cloning of a sea urchin sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+) ATPase[J].??Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2006, 339: 443-449.
    [166] 申治国,雷衡毅,魏青,等.Ce~(3+)对大白鼠肝细胞和肝脏ATPase的影响[J].稀土,2001,22(1):35-37.
    [167] 温和瑞.稀土离子对红细胞膜Ca~(2+)-ATP酶活性和ATP分解的影响[J].黄淮学刊,1997,13(4):37-40.
    [168] 杨维东,刘洁生,王艇,等.硝酸铈对钙调素及调节蛋白Ca~(2+)-ATP酶基因表达的影响[J].中国稀土学报,2001,19(1):71-74.
    [169] 李伟,梁建生,潘志明,等.稀土元素对生物体CaM水平调节的剂量效应的研究[J].广西农业生物科学,2002,21(1):69-72.
    [170] 邓志红,林晓艳,李为民,等.人工冬虫夏草丝体对糖尿病大鼠睾丸的保护作用[J].解放军医学杂志,2005,30(4):317-319.
    [171] 李世文,郑新民,郑航,等.总抗氧化能力、一氧化氮、丙二醛对大鼠隐睾生殖细胞凋亡的影响[J].中华实验外科杂志,2003,20(3):252-253.
    [172] 杨维东,王艇,雷衡毅,等.三硝酸铈致大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化损伤[J].卫生研究,1999,28(2):91-92.
    [173] 黄可欣,聂毓秀,李树雷,等.长期服用低剂量混和稀土常乐对大鼠心脏抗氧化能力的影响[J].长春中医学院学报,2002,18(3):45-46.
    [174] 章子贵,申秀英,许晓路,等.稀土元素铈对大鼠学习记忆和抗氧化能力的影响[J].浙江师范大学(自然科学版),2004,27(2):167-170.
    [175] 张林超,郑新民,李世民,等.大鼠单侧附睾对侧睾丸生精细胞凋亡与T-AOC、MDA和Bcl-2基因表达的关系[J].医学新知识杂,2005,15(3):15-17.
    [176] Kawogoe M, Hirasawa F, Wang S C, et al. Orally administrated rare earth element cerium induces metallothionein synthesis and increases glutathione in the mouse liver[J]. Life Sciences, 2005, 77(8): 922-937.
    [177] Kuiper G G J M, Enmark E, Pelto-Huikko M, et al. Cloning of a novel estrogen receptor expressed in rat prostate and ovary [J]. Proceeding of National Academic Science of USA. 1996,93: 5925- 5930.
    [178] Saleh R A, Agarwal A, Nada E A, et aL. Negative effects of increased sperm DNA damage in relation to seminal oxidative stress in men with idiopathic and male factor infertility[J]. Fertility and Sterility, 2003, 79(Suppl 3): 1597-1605.
    [179] Prahalathan C, Selvakumar E, Varalakshmi P. Lipoic acid modulates adriamyein-induced testicular toxicity[J]. Reproductive Toxicology, 2006, 21(1): 54-59.
    [180] Xiao H Q, Zhang Z Y, Li F L, et al. Accumulation and distribution of samarium-153 in rat brain after intraperitoneal injection[J]. Biological trace element research, 2005, 104(1): 33-40.
    [181] Galiano E, Stradiotto M. A statistical analysis of the initial biodistribution of ~(153)Sm-EDTMP in a canine[J]. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2005, 63(1): 79-85.
    [182] 刘庆芬,诸洪达.镧系元素由土壤向人体转移及其分布[J].中国辐射卫生,2004,13(1):13-15.
    [183] Liu J S, Shen Z G, Yang W D, et al. Effect of long-term intake of rare earth in drinking water on trace elements in brains of mice[J]. Journal of rare earth, 2002, 20(5): 562-564.
    [184] 申治国,杨维东,刘洁生,等.长期低剂量喂饮稀Y对小鼠内脏组织中微量元素含量的影响[J].中??国卫生检验杂志,2001,11(6):641-642.
    [185] Sprietsma T E. Modern diets and diseases: NO-zinc balance. Under Thl, zinc and nitrogen monoxide (NO) collectively protect against viruses, AIDS, autoimmunity, diabetes, allergies, asthma, infectious diseases, atherosclerosis and cancer[J]. Medical Hypotheses, 1999,53(1): 6-16.
    [186] 唐明德,谢颖,易义珍,等.甲醛对雄性小鼠生殖细胞的影响[J].卫生研究,2003,32(6):544-548.
    [187] 蒋于刚.微量元素与脂质过氧化的关系[J].微量元素与健康研究,1996,13(3):54-56.
    [188] 冯流星,于彤,张智勇,等.氯化镧对大鼠全血中铁、铜和锌含量的影响[J].中国公共卫生,2004,20(7):836.
    [189] 刘大海,张优珍,温炎燊.硫酸铜中12种微量元素的ICP-AES同时测定[J].光谱实验室,2004,21(1):127-130.
    [190] 黄曜,张照健,黄郁芳.电感耦合等离子体质谱法分析古人类骨骼中微量元素[J].质谱学报,2004,25(增刊):3-4.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700