往复式摩擦磨损试验机的研制
摘要
摩擦学是研究作相对运动的相互作用的表面间摩擦行为对机械系统作用的理论和实践的科学。先进的摩擦磨损试验机及摩擦学试验技术对于摩擦学研究的深入开展有着重要意义,随着计算机技术、自动化技术以及智能控制技术的日益发展,将其应用于摩擦磨损试验系统已成为摩擦学实验测试技术开发研究的重要内容。本文所研制的往复式摩擦磨损试验机及其测试系统,正是将这些技术与摩擦磨损试验有机结合的产物。
本文在对摩擦磨损试验机的发展概况、分类、特点,摩擦磨损试验的目的、试验的基本方法等进行综合分析的基础上,采用设计方法学的方法对摩擦磨损试验机进行优化设计,建立了摩擦磨损试验机的要求明细表、功能结构图、设计模幅箱。从机械、测量控制、软件等方面对往复式摩擦磨损试验机进行设计,该试验机具有如下特点:(1)实现了对摩擦副的摩擦力、磨损量、摩擦系数等数据的实时采集、分析处理、数据曲线拟合、显示、存储与输出;(2)可在一定范围内实现载荷、速度、润滑的单因素控制,并可同时定性和定量显示运动中的摩擦力大小;(3)该试验装置操作简单,数据可靠,有较好的重现性。通过在该试验机上进行的一些试验证明,该试验机性能稳定,测试系统准确可靠,可有效地对摩擦副不同材质和工艺的摩擦磨损性能进行评定,以获得可靠的试验数据。本文所设计的摩擦磨损试验机在实际生产中有广泛的应用前景。
Tribology is a theory and practice science, which studies the action between the relative motion interactive surfaces friction and the mechanical system function. The advanced friction abrasion testing machine and the friction study experiment technology has the vital significance regarding the friction study research thorough development, along with computer technology, the automated technology as well as intelligent control technology flourishing more and more daily, applies it in the friction wear test system has become the friction study experiment to test the technical development research the important content. This article develops the reciprocation type friction abrasion testing machine and its the test system, are precisely these technical and the friction wear test organic synthesis product.This article in to rubs the abrasion testing machine the development survey, the classification, the characteristic, the friction wear test goal, the experimental essential method and so on carries on the generalized analysis in the foundation, uses the design methodology the method to rub the abrasion testing machine to carry on the optimized design, established the friction abrasion testing machine request detailed list of specifications, the function structure drawing, has designed a mold box. From the machinery, the survey control, the software and so on three aspects carry on the design to the reciprocation type friction abrasion testing machine, this testing aircraft has the following characteristic: (1) realized to rubbed vice- data and so on friction force, wearing capacity, friction coefficient real-time gathering, analysis processing, the data curve fitting, the demonstration, the memory AND output;(2) may realize the load, the speed, the lubrication single factor control in the certain scope, and may at the same time qualitative and in the quota demonstration movement friction force size;(3) this test equipment operation simple, the data is reliable, has well reappears the nature. Through some experimental proofs which carries in this testing aircraft, this testing machine performance stable, the test system accurate is reliable, but effectively to rubs the vice-different material quality and the craft friction attrition performance carries on evaluates, by obtains the reliable tentative data. This article designs the friction abrasion testing machine has the widespread application prospect in the actual production.
本文在对摩擦磨损试验机的发展概况、分类、特点,摩擦磨损试验的目的、试验的基本方法等进行综合分析的基础上,采用设计方法学的方法对摩擦磨损试验机进行优化设计,建立了摩擦磨损试验机的要求明细表、功能结构图、设计模幅箱。从机械、测量控制、软件等方面对往复式摩擦磨损试验机进行设计,该试验机具有如下特点:(1)实现了对摩擦副的摩擦力、磨损量、摩擦系数等数据的实时采集、分析处理、数据曲线拟合、显示、存储与输出;(2)可在一定范围内实现载荷、速度、润滑的单因素控制,并可同时定性和定量显示运动中的摩擦力大小;(3)该试验装置操作简单,数据可靠,有较好的重现性。通过在该试验机上进行的一些试验证明,该试验机性能稳定,测试系统准确可靠,可有效地对摩擦副不同材质和工艺的摩擦磨损性能进行评定,以获得可靠的试验数据。本文所设计的摩擦磨损试验机在实际生产中有广泛的应用前景。
Tribology is a theory and practice science, which studies the action between the relative motion interactive surfaces friction and the mechanical system function. The advanced friction abrasion testing machine and the friction study experiment technology has the vital significance regarding the friction study research thorough development, along with computer technology, the automated technology as well as intelligent control technology flourishing more and more daily, applies it in the friction wear test system has become the friction study experiment to test the technical development research the important content. This article develops the reciprocation type friction abrasion testing machine and its the test system, are precisely these technical and the friction wear test organic synthesis product.This article in to rubs the abrasion testing machine the development survey, the classification, the characteristic, the friction wear test goal, the experimental essential method and so on carries on the generalized analysis in the foundation, uses the design methodology the method to rub the abrasion testing machine to carry on the optimized design, established the friction abrasion testing machine request detailed list of specifications, the function structure drawing, has designed a mold box. From the machinery, the survey control, the software and so on three aspects carry on the design to the reciprocation type friction abrasion testing machine, this testing aircraft has the following characteristic: (1) realized to rubbed vice- data and so on friction force, wearing capacity, friction coefficient real-time gathering, analysis processing, the data curve fitting, the demonstration, the memory AND output;(2) may realize the load, the speed, the lubrication single factor control in the certain scope, and may at the same time qualitative and in the quota demonstration movement friction force size;(3) this test equipment operation simple, the data is reliable, has well reappears the nature. Through some experimental proofs which carries in this testing aircraft, this testing machine performance stable, the test system accurate is reliable, but effectively to rubs the vice-different material quality and the craft friction attrition performance carries on evaluates, by obtains the reliable tentative data. This article designs the friction abrasion testing machine has the widespread application prospect in the actual production.
引文
[1] Jost H.P.Lubrication (Ttiboligy)Education and Research-A report on the Present Position ang Industry, s Needs.London:Her Majeesty, s Stationery office,(1996)
[2] 吴跃新.内燃机活塞环-缸套材料摩擦磨损性能研究.昆明:昆明大学硕士论,2003
[3] ASLE friction, wear devices. The American Society of Mechanical engineer[M].New York,1976
[4] 桂常林,沈健.摩擦磨损试验机设计基础Ⅰ[J].固体润滑,1990,1:48-55
[5] 崔周平,宋期,张人佶,朱宝亮,刘家浚.MT-1型真空摩擦磨损试验机的研制[J].固体润滑,1990,1:22-31
[6] Soemantri S, et al. Some Aspects of Abrasive Wear at Elevated Temperatures. Wear of MATERIALS 1985,Canada. 1985.338-344
[7] Tischer A. construction of A New Tester for elevated Temperatures and First Results of Sliding Abrasion Tests. Wear of Materials 1989,Colorado, USA. 1989.729-734
[8] 刑建东等.含炭量对20%Cr合金氧化和高温磨损性能的影响[J].机械工程学报.1992,28(6):31-37
[9] 杨学军,赵浩峰,赵昕月.高温销盘磨损试验机的研制[J].太原理工大学学报,2005,36(4):477-479
[10] 李霞,许志庆,杨勇.高速摩擦磨损试验机的总体设计[J].中国仪器仪表,2003,10:19-21
[11] 崔周平,宋期.MT-1型真空摩擦磨损试验机的研制[J].固体润滑,1990,10(1):22-31
[12] 宋宝玉,吉乐,张锋等.SY-1型真空摩擦磨损试验机的研制[J].润滑与密封,2004,1:61-62
[13] 徐双满.往复式摩擦磨损试验机的研制[J].机车车辆工艺,1997,6:22-24
[14] 桂常林,沈健.摩擦磨损试验机设计基础Ⅱ[J].固体润滑,1990,10(2):120-136
[15] 桂常林,沈健.摩擦磨损试验机设计基础Ⅲ[J].固体润滑,1990,10(3):217-228
[16] 李振芳,桑可正,惠纪庄.摩擦磨损试验机的改装与研制[J].西安公路交通大学学报,1998,18(2):96-98
[17] 温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理(第二版).北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[18] и.в.к рагельский等著,王一麟等译,摩擦磨损计算原理,机械工业出版社,北京,1982,446.
[19] DIN50320,Verschleiss,Begriff, Systemanalyse von Verchleissvorgengen,Gliiederung des Verschleiss Gebietes,1979.
[20] 大越式[型式OAT-u]迅速磨耗试验机取极说明书,株式会社东京试验机制作所.1984.
[21] 越茂泰.智能仪器原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[22] 费业泰.误差理论与数据分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[23] 赵新民,王祁.智能仪器设计基础[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1999
[24] H.Kremer,R.Fischer. 模数一体化传感器信号处理方法[J].传感器世界,2001(3):32-35
[25] 龚瑞昆.改善传感器特性的软件处理方法[J].传感器世界,2001(2):43-47
[26] 黄飞.端面摩擦磨损试验在线监测系统的研究[D].合肥工业大学,2002,3-4
[27] 杨文胜,冯兵,郑德忠.基于虚拟仪器的相位测量[J].河北科技大学学报,2001(3):58-61
[28] 李慧英,张希文,陶时澍.虚拟仪器下的相位测量方法[J].电测与仪表,1996
[29] 于静江,周春晖.过程控制中的软件测量技术[J].控制理论与应用,1996,13(2):137-144
[30] 樊静波,刘晶.一种磨料磨损实验装置及其性能测试与误差分析[J].宁夏工程技术,2003,1:53-57
[31] 任曼,张培鋆,孙灼等.活塞环-缸套摩擦磨损模拟实验方法研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2002,1:62-65
[32] Halling,T.著,王陪民译,摩擦学概论,浙江机械专辑,浙江省机械工业厅经济技术情报站,杭州,1981,157-160.
[33] [罗]Iuan Iliuc著,王一麟,陈耕译,薄层摩擦学,机械工业出版社,北京,1984:164-167
[34] Czichos,H.著,刘忠华等译,摩擦学—对摩擦、润滑和磨损科学技术的系统分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1984:216-217.
[35] 范煜,冯涛,一种新型的摩擦磨损试验机—SRV试验机,全国磨损测试技术座谈会论文,1987.
[36] 温诗铸.我国摩擦学研究的现状与发展[J].机械工程学报,2004,40(11):1-6
[37] Hugh Spikes. Tribology research in the twenty-first century. Tribology International,2001, (34): 178-199
[38] 温诗铸.世纪回顾与展望——摩擦学研究的发展趋势[J].机械工程学报,2000,36(6):1-6
[39] 徐科军,陈荣保,张崇巍.自动检测和仪表中的共性技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[40] 何春霞,康丽霞.聚四氟乙烯及其石墨填充复合材料的摩擦磨损特性.工程塑料应用,2001,1-3
[41] 李文忠,王黎钦,古乐,郑德志,.石墨填充聚四氟乙烯基复合材料的摩擦学性能[J].润滑与密封,2006,(04):34-36
[42] 王家序,陈战,秦大同.聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究[J].农业机械学报.2002.(4).104-106
[2] 吴跃新.内燃机活塞环-缸套材料摩擦磨损性能研究.昆明:昆明大学硕士论,2003
[3] ASLE friction, wear devices. The American Society of Mechanical engineer[M].New York,1976
[4] 桂常林,沈健.摩擦磨损试验机设计基础Ⅰ[J].固体润滑,1990,1:48-55
[5] 崔周平,宋期,张人佶,朱宝亮,刘家浚.MT-1型真空摩擦磨损试验机的研制[J].固体润滑,1990,1:22-31
[6] Soemantri S, et al. Some Aspects of Abrasive Wear at Elevated Temperatures. Wear of MATERIALS 1985,Canada. 1985.338-344
[7] Tischer A. construction of A New Tester for elevated Temperatures and First Results of Sliding Abrasion Tests. Wear of Materials 1989,Colorado, USA. 1989.729-734
[8] 刑建东等.含炭量对20%Cr合金氧化和高温磨损性能的影响[J].机械工程学报.1992,28(6):31-37
[9] 杨学军,赵浩峰,赵昕月.高温销盘磨损试验机的研制[J].太原理工大学学报,2005,36(4):477-479
[10] 李霞,许志庆,杨勇.高速摩擦磨损试验机的总体设计[J].中国仪器仪表,2003,10:19-21
[11] 崔周平,宋期.MT-1型真空摩擦磨损试验机的研制[J].固体润滑,1990,10(1):22-31
[12] 宋宝玉,吉乐,张锋等.SY-1型真空摩擦磨损试验机的研制[J].润滑与密封,2004,1:61-62
[13] 徐双满.往复式摩擦磨损试验机的研制[J].机车车辆工艺,1997,6:22-24
[14] 桂常林,沈健.摩擦磨损试验机设计基础Ⅱ[J].固体润滑,1990,10(2):120-136
[15] 桂常林,沈健.摩擦磨损试验机设计基础Ⅲ[J].固体润滑,1990,10(3):217-228
[16] 李振芳,桑可正,惠纪庄.摩擦磨损试验机的改装与研制[J].西安公路交通大学学报,1998,18(2):96-98
[17] 温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理(第二版).北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[18] и.в.к рагельский等著,王一麟等译,摩擦磨损计算原理,机械工业出版社,北京,1982,446.
[19] DIN50320,Verschleiss,Begriff, Systemanalyse von Verchleissvorgengen,Gliiederung des Verschleiss Gebietes,1979.
[20] 大越式[型式OAT-u]迅速磨耗试验机取极说明书,株式会社东京试验机制作所.1984.
[21] 越茂泰.智能仪器原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[22] 费业泰.误差理论与数据分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000
[23] 赵新民,王祁.智能仪器设计基础[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1999
[24] H.Kremer,R.Fischer. 模数一体化传感器信号处理方法[J].传感器世界,2001(3):32-35
[25] 龚瑞昆.改善传感器特性的软件处理方法[J].传感器世界,2001(2):43-47
[26] 黄飞.端面摩擦磨损试验在线监测系统的研究[D].合肥工业大学,2002,3-4
[27] 杨文胜,冯兵,郑德忠.基于虚拟仪器的相位测量[J].河北科技大学学报,2001(3):58-61
[28] 李慧英,张希文,陶时澍.虚拟仪器下的相位测量方法[J].电测与仪表,1996
[29] 于静江,周春晖.过程控制中的软件测量技术[J].控制理论与应用,1996,13(2):137-144
[30] 樊静波,刘晶.一种磨料磨损实验装置及其性能测试与误差分析[J].宁夏工程技术,2003,1:53-57
[31] 任曼,张培鋆,孙灼等.活塞环-缸套摩擦磨损模拟实验方法研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2002,1:62-65
[32] Halling,T.著,王陪民译,摩擦学概论,浙江机械专辑,浙江省机械工业厅经济技术情报站,杭州,1981,157-160.
[33] [罗]Iuan Iliuc著,王一麟,陈耕译,薄层摩擦学,机械工业出版社,北京,1984:164-167
[34] Czichos,H.著,刘忠华等译,摩擦学—对摩擦、润滑和磨损科学技术的系统分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1984:216-217.
[35] 范煜,冯涛,一种新型的摩擦磨损试验机—SRV试验机,全国磨损测试技术座谈会论文,1987.
[36] 温诗铸.我国摩擦学研究的现状与发展[J].机械工程学报,2004,40(11):1-6
[37] Hugh Spikes. Tribology research in the twenty-first century. Tribology International,2001, (34): 178-199
[38] 温诗铸.世纪回顾与展望——摩擦学研究的发展趋势[J].机械工程学报,2000,36(6):1-6
[39] 徐科军,陈荣保,张崇巍.自动检测和仪表中的共性技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000
[40] 何春霞,康丽霞.聚四氟乙烯及其石墨填充复合材料的摩擦磨损特性.工程塑料应用,2001,1-3
[41] 李文忠,王黎钦,古乐,郑德志,.石墨填充聚四氟乙烯基复合材料的摩擦学性能[J].润滑与密封,2006,(04):34-36
[42] 王家序,陈战,秦大同.聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究[J].农业机械学报.2002.(4).104-106
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