闭环干涉式光纤陀螺仪温度补偿技术的研究
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摘要
光纤陀螺仪是一种基于Sagnac效应的角速度传感器。目前,国内光纤陀螺仪研制和制造领域,已经取得了长足的发展,但是和国外相比还有相当的差距。温度影响是高精度光纤陀螺仪在工程应用中必须解决的一个关键问题。本文针对闭环干涉式光纤陀螺仪的温度特性进行了理论分析,提出了一种基于DSP信号处理的温度补偿方案,并进行了相关实验研究。
首先,本文系统地介绍了光纤陀螺仪的基本理论,包括光纤陀螺仪的工作原理、分类、性能指标及其计算方法等。并且对闭环干涉式光纤陀螺仪的误差来源进行了深入的研究,对各个部件分别进行了性能分析。
其次,本文重点提出了以DSP为信号处理核心的闭环干涉式光纤陀螺仪的温度补偿方案。光纤陀螺仪受温度影响主要表现在光纤环、光源和集成光学器件产生的温度漂移上。论文主要从光纤环和光源两方面进行温度补偿,通过对光纤环温度补偿系统结构的调整,对光源的光波长和光功率分别采取稳定措施,以及先进的控制算法的运用等一系列办法,不仅提高了光纤陀螺仪的精度,而且能够缩短系统的预热时间。
最后,本文从考察光纤陀螺仪的系统精度和预热时间两方面出发,进行了实验研究。实验结果验证了温度补偿方案的有效性,其研究结果可为光纤陀螺仪后续的研究提供借鉴和指导作用。
Fiber Optic Gyroscope is a kind of angular rate sensor based on Sagnaceffect. In the gyro research and manufacturing field, China has dropped behindsome developed countries as though China has made a progress so far. Thetemperature influence on the optic gyroscope is one of the problems. It presentsthe theoretical analysis of the temperature compensation technology of theclosed-loop IFOG in this paper and a new temperature compensation scheme isdiscussed. Experiment has been performed to verify the scheme.
Firstly, the basic theory of the optic gyroscope is systemically presented inthis paper, including the principle, the classification and the performanceevaluation of the optic gyroscope. A further study is carried out to find out theerror source of the closed-loop IFOG and the thermal performance of each partis also analyzed.
Secondly, this paper put a high premium on the scheme of the temperaturecompensation for the closed-loop IFOG that based on DSP. The temperaturedrift induced by the fiber coil、light source and integrated optic chip which areeasily influenced by temperature is the key element of the temperature error ofthe IFOG. In this paper, the temperature compensation focus on the fiber coiland light source. Not only the precision but also the warm-up time of thesystem can be improved by taking such measures as the modification of thefiber coil temperature measuring structure, stabilizing the light power and thewavelength of the light source respectively, applying a series of advancedcontrol method.
Finally, experiment is performed to test the IFOG after temperaturecompensation. The result shows that the temperature compensation scheme iseffective to improve the precision and warm-up time of the whole system. Theconclusion of this paper can be used as the reference to the continued research.
首先,本文系统地介绍了光纤陀螺仪的基本理论,包括光纤陀螺仪的工作原理、分类、性能指标及其计算方法等。并且对闭环干涉式光纤陀螺仪的误差来源进行了深入的研究,对各个部件分别进行了性能分析。
其次,本文重点提出了以DSP为信号处理核心的闭环干涉式光纤陀螺仪的温度补偿方案。光纤陀螺仪受温度影响主要表现在光纤环、光源和集成光学器件产生的温度漂移上。论文主要从光纤环和光源两方面进行温度补偿,通过对光纤环温度补偿系统结构的调整,对光源的光波长和光功率分别采取稳定措施,以及先进的控制算法的运用等一系列办法,不仅提高了光纤陀螺仪的精度,而且能够缩短系统的预热时间。
最后,本文从考察光纤陀螺仪的系统精度和预热时间两方面出发,进行了实验研究。实验结果验证了温度补偿方案的有效性,其研究结果可为光纤陀螺仪后续的研究提供借鉴和指导作用。
Fiber Optic Gyroscope is a kind of angular rate sensor based on Sagnaceffect. In the gyro research and manufacturing field, China has dropped behindsome developed countries as though China has made a progress so far. Thetemperature influence on the optic gyroscope is one of the problems. It presentsthe theoretical analysis of the temperature compensation technology of theclosed-loop IFOG in this paper and a new temperature compensation scheme isdiscussed. Experiment has been performed to verify the scheme.
Firstly, the basic theory of the optic gyroscope is systemically presented inthis paper, including the principle, the classification and the performanceevaluation of the optic gyroscope. A further study is carried out to find out theerror source of the closed-loop IFOG and the thermal performance of each partis also analyzed.
Secondly, this paper put a high premium on the scheme of the temperaturecompensation for the closed-loop IFOG that based on DSP. The temperaturedrift induced by the fiber coil、light source and integrated optic chip which areeasily influenced by temperature is the key element of the temperature error ofthe IFOG. In this paper, the temperature compensation focus on the fiber coiland light source. Not only the precision but also the warm-up time of thesystem can be improved by taking such measures as the modification of thefiber coil temperature measuring structure, stabilizing the light power and thewavelength of the light source respectively, applying a series of advancedcontrol method.
Finally, experiment is performed to test the IFOG after temperaturecompensation. The result shows that the temperature compensation scheme iseffective to improve the precision and warm-up time of the whole system. Theconclusion of this paper can be used as the reference to the continued research.
引文
1 Loukianov D P. Laser and Fiber Optic Gyros: the Status and Tendencies of Development. 国外惯性技术信息, 2004, (1): 17-35
2 曾桂林.光纤陀螺技术的发展及军需分析.应用光学,2001,(1):1-4
3 张桂才.适用于战术级应用的全数字闭环保偏光纤陀螺.中国光学学会 98 年中国青年光学学术研讨会论文集.西安,2000:161-1671
4 谭宇.光纤陀螺的发展与应用前景.光电子技术与信息,1995,8(3):1-5
5 J.L.Archambault, S.G.Grubb. Fiber Gratings in Lasers and Amplifiers. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2003,15(8): 1378-1390
6 C.M Lofts, M.Parker, etc. Investigation of The Effects of Temporal Thermal Gradients in Fiber Optic Gyroscope Sensing Coils. Optical Engineering, 2001,34 (10):2856-2863
7 简慧娟,简水生.光纤陀螺温度噪声的研究.传感器技术,1998,17(3):11-13
8 H.Kobrinski, M.Vecchi, etc. Wavelength Selection with Nanosecond Switching Times Using Distributed Feedback Laser Amplifiers. Electronics Letters, 2004,24 (15): 969-971
9 M.McCall. On the Application of Coupled Mode Theory for Modeling Fiber Bragg Gratings. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2000,18(2): 236-242
10 R.A. Bergh, B. Culshaw, etc., Source Statistics and The Kerr Effect in Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes. Optics Letters, 2002.7(11):563-565
11 H.G Park, K.A. Lim, etc. Feedback Effects in Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier Source for Open-loop Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2003. 15(8): 1587-1593
12 S.K.Kim, H.K.Kim, et al. Er-doped Fiber Ring Laser for Gyroscope Applications. Optics Letters, 2001.19(22): 1810-1812
13 R.G. Priest. Analysis of Fiber Interferometer Utilizing 3x3 Fiber Coupler. Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2004,QE-18(10):1601-1603
14 于淑芬,朱永.光纤陀螺温度噪声的研究.传感器技术,1998,17(3):11-13
15 W. K. Bums and R. P. Moeller, Observation of coherence Effects in a Quasi-monochromatic Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, Light wave Technul, 2004(5): 1024-1025
16 N. J. Frigo, A Constant Accuracy High Dynamic Range Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, Proc. SPIE, Fiber-Optic Gyros, 1998,9(719): 155-159
17 J. Zheng, “Birefringent Fiber frequency-modulated Continuous-wave Sagnac gyroscope,” Electron. Lett., 2004, 9(40): 1520-1521
18 G. Zheng, M. Campbell, and P. A. Wallace, “Reflectometric Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave Distributed Fiber Optic Stress Sensor with Forward Coupled Beams,” Appl. Opt., 1996,10(35): 5722-5726
19 P. A. Leilabady, “Optical Fiber point temperature sensor,” Proc. SPIE, Fiber Optic and Laser Sensors,1987( 838): 231-237
20 R. B. Franks, W. Torruellas, and R. C. Youngquist, “Birefringent Stress Location Sensor,” Proc. SPIE, Fiber Optic Sensors, 2003(586): 84-89
21 D. Uttam and B. Culshaw, “Precision Time Domain Reflectometry in Optical Fiber Systems Using a Frequency Modulate Continuous Wave Ranging Technique,” J. Lightw. Technol., 2003,10(3):971-976
22 D. A. Jackson, A. D. Kersey, M. Corke, and J. D. C. Jones, “Pseudohetero dyne detection scheme for Optical interferometers,” Electron. Lett., 2001,12(18):1081-1083
23 M.Kawchi. Silica Waveguides on Silicon And Their Application to Integrated-Optic Components. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2002, (22):391-416
24 H.Ghafouri-Shiraz. Fundamentals of Laser Diode Amplifiers. Wiley House, New York, 2003
25 A.Yu., A.S.Siddiqui. Theory of A Novel High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Gyroscope, IEE Proceedings-J, 1998,140(2): 150-156
26 R.A.Bergh, H.C.Lefevre, H.J. Shaw. All-single-mode Fiber-Optic Gyroscope. Optics Letter,2002.6(4):198-200
27 A.R.Marvern. Progress Towards Fiber Optic Gyro Production. In' Ezekiel S, eds. Proceedings of SPIE-Fiber Optic Gyros: 15th Anniversary Conference. Washington: SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2001. Vol. 1585' 48-64
28 K,Lwatsuki, M. Kawachi, et al. Waveguide-type Optical Passive Ring-resonator Time-division Detection Scheme. Electronics Letters, 1999,25(11): 688-689
29 K. Iwatsuki, K.Hotate,et al. Eigenstate of Polarization in A Fiber Ring Resonator and Its Effect in Optical Passivering-resonator Gyro. Applied Optics, 2003,25(15): 2606-2612
30 T.Okoshi, K.Kikuchi, et al. Novel Method for High-resolution Measurement of Laser Output Spectrum ,Electronics Letters,2000,16: 630-635
31 W. K. Burns, Phase Error Bounds of Fiber Gyro with Polarization-Holding Fiber, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2003(4): 8-14
32 A. Cordova, R. Patterson, and J. Rahn et al., Progress in Navigation Grade IFOG Performance, Proc. SPIE,2002(2837): 207–217
33 D. C. Hall, W. K. Burns, and R. P. Moeller, High-stability Er-doped superfluorescent Fiber Sources, Lightwave Technol, 1995(13):1452-1460
34 M. J. F. Digonnet, Status of Broad Band Rare-earth Doped Fiber Sources for FOG Application, Proc. SPIE, 2004(2070): 113-131
35 R. A. Bergh, H. C. Lefevre, and H. J. Shaw, Compensation of the Optical Kerr Effect in Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes, Opt. Lett., 2001(7): 563-565
36 叶炜 ,周柯江 ,王涛 ,杨国光 .光纤陀螺光源稳定性研究 .红外与激光工程 , 1997,26(1):40-44
37 侯军辉,王巍,杨清生. 光纤陀螺 SLD 光源的驱动控制研究.中国惯性技术学报,2000,10(3):50-54
38 M. Lofts, P. B. Ruffin, and M. Parker et al., Investigation of the Effects of Temporal Gradients in Fiber Optic gyroscopes Sensing coils, Opt. Eng,2001(34): 2856-2863
39 S. Chen, P. M. Grant, and C. F. N. Cowan, Orthogonal Least Squares Algorithm for Training Multioutput Radial Basis Function Networks, Proc.IEEE, 2004(139): 378-384
40 N. J. Kasdin, Discrete Simulation of Colored Noise and Stochastic Processesand 1/f Power Law Noise Generation, Proc. IEEE, 2003,(83): 802-827
41 M. S. Bielas, Stochastic and Dyanmic Modeling of Fiber gyros, Proc.SPIE, Fiber Optic and Laser Sensors, 2004 (2292): 240-253
42 K. Killian, Pointing Grade Fiber Optic gyroscope, IEEE 1994 Position Location and Navigation Symp.,2001: 165-169.
43 V. Vali and R. W. Shorthill, Fiber Ring Interferometer, Appl. Opt., 2002(15):1099-1100
44 H. Lefeve, The Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, Boston. London :ArtechHouse , 2001:15-25.
45 张日希 ,王妍 ,张春熹 ,王瑾 .光纤陀螺光源驱动技术 .北京航天大学学报 , 2002,28(3):298-300
46 盛钟延,周柯江,季杭峰.光纤陀螺用 SLD 光源驱动电路.光学仪器, 2000,22 (1):28-32
47 R. A. Bergh, H. C. Lefevre, andH. J. Shaw, Allsingle-mode-Fiber-Optic gyroscope with long termstability, 2001(6): 502-504
48 SI R. E. Collin, Field Theory of Guided Waves. NewYork: McCraw-Hill, 2002
49 R. A. Bergh, H. C. Lefevre, and H. J. Shaw, An Overview of Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes, IEEE Jour. Light. Tech., 2000(2): 91-107
50 H. Iizuka, Error of Rotation Output Due to Light Injection to LD Source in a Self-Coupled InterferometricFiber Gyro: Experiment, Micro. and Opt.Tech. Lett., 1995(9): 233-235
51 于洪浮.闭环光纤陀螺的温度补偿.上海航天,2004,1:62-64
52 H. Arditty, M. le Roi, H. Lefevre, Monomode Optical Fiber Ring Interferometer Device with Semiconductor Diode as Light Energy Emission Reception Amplification Means, U. S. Patent, number 4842409,2005
53 H. Arditty, H. J. Shaw, M. Chodorow, and R.Kompfner, Reentrant Fiber Optic Approach to Rotation Sensing, Proc. Soc. Photo. Opt. Instrum. Eng., 2003(157): 138-148
54 J. L. Davis and S. Ezekiel, Techniques for Shot-Noise-Limited Inertial Rotation Measurement Using A Multiturn Fiber Sagnac Interferometer, Proc. SPIE ,2000(157):113-136
55 K. Bob, P. Marten, K. Petermann, E. Weidel, and R. Ulrich, Low Drift Fiber gyro Using a Super Luminescent Diode, Electron. Letts., 2003,5(17):352-353
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57 R. Ulrich, Fiber-Optic Rotation Sensing with Low Drift, Optics Letters, 2000(5):173-175
58 R. A. Bergh, H. C. Lefevre, and H. J. Shaw, All-single-mode Fiber-Optic Gyroscope with Long-term Stability,Optics Letters, 2001(6): 502-504
59 王澎.光纤陀螺中的多功能集成光学芯片.展望 21 世纪初光电技术发展趋势研讨会论文集.海口,2000:134-139
60 N. J. Frigo, Compensation of Linear Sources of Non-Reciprocity in Sagnac Interferometers, Proc. SPIE ,2000(412):268-271
61 D. M. Shupe, Thermally Induced Nonreciprocity in the Fiber-Optic Interferometer, Applied Optics, 2002(19): 654-655
62 H. C.Lefevre, PH. Graindorge, H. J. Arditty, S. Vatoux, and M. Papuchon, Double Closed-loop Hybrid Fiber Gyroscope Using Digital Phase ramp, Proc. 3rd Intl. Conf. Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS 'SS), Technical Digest Series, 1999: 71-78
63 R.F. Cahill and E. Udd, Phase-nulling Fiber-Optic Llaser Gyro, Optics Letters, 2001 (4): 93-95
64 R. A. Bergh, H. C. Lefevre, and H. J. Show, Anoverview of Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, J. Lightwave Technol.,2003(2):91-107
65 N. Umeda, M. Tukiji, and H. Takasaki, Stabilized 3He-20Ne Trans-verse Zeeman laser, Appl. Opt.,2001(19): 442-449
66 W. Eickhoff, Temperature Sensing by Mode-mode Interference in Birefringent Optical Fibers Opt. Lett., 2002(6): 204-206
67 T. Yoshino, Heterodyne Technology for Optical Sensors, 5th Intern. ConJ Optical Fiber Sensors, New Orleans, 2001: 40-43
68 T. Yoshino and T. Hashimoto, All-Fiber Hetrodyne Ellipsometry, Dig.ConJ Laser &ElectroOptics, Baltimore 2000:306-307
69 M. S. Bielas, L. F. Stokes, and C. T. Herdman, Test Results of a High-Performance Fiber-Optic Rotation Sensor, Proc. SPIE, Fiber-Optic Gyrus, 1999,9(719):81-86
70 N. I. Frigo, Compensation of Linear Sources of Nonreciprocity in Sagnac Interferometers, Proc. SPIE, 2000(412): 268-269
71 许江宁,边少锋.陀螺原理.北京:国防工业出版社,2005
72 张俊杰, 李志全. 一种缩短闭环干涉式光纤陀螺仪(IFOG)预热时间的方法. 仪器仪表学报.2005, Vol.26:149-151
2 曾桂林.光纤陀螺技术的发展及军需分析.应用光学,2001,(1):1-4
3 张桂才.适用于战术级应用的全数字闭环保偏光纤陀螺.中国光学学会 98 年中国青年光学学术研讨会论文集.西安,2000:161-1671
4 谭宇.光纤陀螺的发展与应用前景.光电子技术与信息,1995,8(3):1-5
5 J.L.Archambault, S.G.Grubb. Fiber Gratings in Lasers and Amplifiers. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2003,15(8): 1378-1390
6 C.M Lofts, M.Parker, etc. Investigation of The Effects of Temporal Thermal Gradients in Fiber Optic Gyroscope Sensing Coils. Optical Engineering, 2001,34 (10):2856-2863
7 简慧娟,简水生.光纤陀螺温度噪声的研究.传感器技术,1998,17(3):11-13
8 H.Kobrinski, M.Vecchi, etc. Wavelength Selection with Nanosecond Switching Times Using Distributed Feedback Laser Amplifiers. Electronics Letters, 2004,24 (15): 969-971
9 M.McCall. On the Application of Coupled Mode Theory for Modeling Fiber Bragg Gratings. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2000,18(2): 236-242
10 R.A. Bergh, B. Culshaw, etc., Source Statistics and The Kerr Effect in Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes. Optics Letters, 2002.7(11):563-565
11 H.G Park, K.A. Lim, etc. Feedback Effects in Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier Source for Open-loop Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2003. 15(8): 1587-1593
12 S.K.Kim, H.K.Kim, et al. Er-doped Fiber Ring Laser for Gyroscope Applications. Optics Letters, 2001.19(22): 1810-1812
13 R.G. Priest. Analysis of Fiber Interferometer Utilizing 3x3 Fiber Coupler. Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2004,QE-18(10):1601-1603
14 于淑芬,朱永.光纤陀螺温度噪声的研究.传感器技术,1998,17(3):11-13
15 W. K. Bums and R. P. Moeller, Observation of coherence Effects in a Quasi-monochromatic Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, Light wave Technul, 2004(5): 1024-1025
16 N. J. Frigo, A Constant Accuracy High Dynamic Range Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, Proc. SPIE, Fiber-Optic Gyros, 1998,9(719): 155-159
17 J. Zheng, “Birefringent Fiber frequency-modulated Continuous-wave Sagnac gyroscope,” Electron. Lett., 2004, 9(40): 1520-1521
18 G. Zheng, M. Campbell, and P. A. Wallace, “Reflectometric Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave Distributed Fiber Optic Stress Sensor with Forward Coupled Beams,” Appl. Opt., 1996,10(35): 5722-5726
19 P. A. Leilabady, “Optical Fiber point temperature sensor,” Proc. SPIE, Fiber Optic and Laser Sensors,1987( 838): 231-237
20 R. B. Franks, W. Torruellas, and R. C. Youngquist, “Birefringent Stress Location Sensor,” Proc. SPIE, Fiber Optic Sensors, 2003(586): 84-89
21 D. Uttam and B. Culshaw, “Precision Time Domain Reflectometry in Optical Fiber Systems Using a Frequency Modulate Continuous Wave Ranging Technique,” J. Lightw. Technol., 2003,10(3):971-976
22 D. A. Jackson, A. D. Kersey, M. Corke, and J. D. C. Jones, “Pseudohetero dyne detection scheme for Optical interferometers,” Electron. Lett., 2001,12(18):1081-1083
23 M.Kawchi. Silica Waveguides on Silicon And Their Application to Integrated-Optic Components. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2002, (22):391-416
24 H.Ghafouri-Shiraz. Fundamentals of Laser Diode Amplifiers. Wiley House, New York, 2003
25 A.Yu., A.S.Siddiqui. Theory of A Novel High Sensitivity Optical Fiber Gyroscope, IEE Proceedings-J, 1998,140(2): 150-156
26 R.A.Bergh, H.C.Lefevre, H.J. Shaw. All-single-mode Fiber-Optic Gyroscope. Optics Letter,2002.6(4):198-200
27 A.R.Marvern. Progress Towards Fiber Optic Gyro Production. In' Ezekiel S, eds. Proceedings of SPIE-Fiber Optic Gyros: 15th Anniversary Conference. Washington: SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2001. Vol. 1585' 48-64
28 K,Lwatsuki, M. Kawachi, et al. Waveguide-type Optical Passive Ring-resonator Time-division Detection Scheme. Electronics Letters, 1999,25(11): 688-689
29 K. Iwatsuki, K.Hotate,et al. Eigenstate of Polarization in A Fiber Ring Resonator and Its Effect in Optical Passivering-resonator Gyro. Applied Optics, 2003,25(15): 2606-2612
30 T.Okoshi, K.Kikuchi, et al. Novel Method for High-resolution Measurement of Laser Output Spectrum ,Electronics Letters,2000,16: 630-635
31 W. K. Burns, Phase Error Bounds of Fiber Gyro with Polarization-Holding Fiber, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2003(4): 8-14
32 A. Cordova, R. Patterson, and J. Rahn et al., Progress in Navigation Grade IFOG Performance, Proc. SPIE,2002(2837): 207–217
33 D. C. Hall, W. K. Burns, and R. P. Moeller, High-stability Er-doped superfluorescent Fiber Sources, Lightwave Technol, 1995(13):1452-1460
34 M. J. F. Digonnet, Status of Broad Band Rare-earth Doped Fiber Sources for FOG Application, Proc. SPIE, 2004(2070): 113-131
35 R. A. Bergh, H. C. Lefevre, and H. J. Shaw, Compensation of the Optical Kerr Effect in Fiber-Optic Gyroscopes, Opt. Lett., 2001(7): 563-565
36 叶炜 ,周柯江 ,王涛 ,杨国光 .光纤陀螺光源稳定性研究 .红外与激光工程 , 1997,26(1):40-44
37 侯军辉,王巍,杨清生. 光纤陀螺 SLD 光源的驱动控制研究.中国惯性技术学报,2000,10(3):50-54
38 M. Lofts, P. B. Ruffin, and M. Parker et al., Investigation of the Effects of Temporal Gradients in Fiber Optic gyroscopes Sensing coils, Opt. Eng,2001(34): 2856-2863
39 S. Chen, P. M. Grant, and C. F. N. Cowan, Orthogonal Least Squares Algorithm for Training Multioutput Radial Basis Function Networks, Proc.IEEE, 2004(139): 378-384
40 N. J. Kasdin, Discrete Simulation of Colored Noise and Stochastic Processesand 1/f Power Law Noise Generation, Proc. IEEE, 2003,(83): 802-827
41 M. S. Bielas, Stochastic and Dyanmic Modeling of Fiber gyros, Proc.SPIE, Fiber Optic and Laser Sensors, 2004 (2292): 240-253
42 K. Killian, Pointing Grade Fiber Optic gyroscope, IEEE 1994 Position Location and Navigation Symp.,2001: 165-169.
43 V. Vali and R. W. Shorthill, Fiber Ring Interferometer, Appl. Opt., 2002(15):1099-1100
44 H. Lefeve, The Fiber-Optic Gyroscope, Boston. London :ArtechHouse , 2001:15-25.
45 张日希 ,王妍 ,张春熹 ,王瑾 .光纤陀螺光源驱动技术 .北京航天大学学报 , 2002,28(3):298-300
46 盛钟延,周柯江,季杭峰.光纤陀螺用 SLD 光源驱动电路.光学仪器, 2000,22 (1):28-32
47 R. A. Bergh, H. C. Lefevre, andH. J. Shaw, Allsingle-mode-Fiber-Optic gyroscope with long termstability, 2001(6): 502-504
48 SI R. E. Collin, Field Theory of Guided Waves. NewYork: McCraw-Hill, 2002
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