转基因抗虫棉生育特征及氮磷钾吸收分配特点的研究
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摘要
本文以我国种植和育成的转基因棉花品种作为研究对象,于2003～2004年在扬州大学江苏省遗传生理开放实验室,探讨移栽方式下棉株生长发育、碳氮代谢和氮磷钾吸收分配的特点。研究获得的主要结果如下:
1,转基因抗虫棉参试品种的生长发育变化呈4种生长发育特征。中棉所41、中棉所29、鲁棉研15、科棉1号和科棉3号这5个品种的株高和LAI增长快,现蕾和成铃强度大,营养器官和生殖器官生物量高,且两者比例协调,可称为生长发育两旺型。GK19和GK99088这2个品种在盛花前的株高和LAI增长快、现蕾强度大,结铃前期成铃速度快,营养器官和生殖器官生物量较高且较为协调,可称为生长发育前期旺盛型。鲁棉研22和科棉4号这2个品种在盛花前株高和LAI增长较慢,现蕾速度慢,结铃前期成铃速度慢,盛花后现蕾和成铃强度大,生殖器官生物量积累高,可称为生长发育后期旺盛型。SGK321和鲁棉研16这2个品种的株高和LAI增长过快,现蕾和成铃强度低,营养器官生物量高,比例也高,可称为营养生长过旺型。
2,相应地具有这4种生长发育特征的品种在碳氮代谢生理上表现如下。生长发育两旺型品种,氮代谢和碳代谢生理活性都强;叶片全氮、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量高,NR和GPT活性大,叶绿素、净光合速率和可溶性糖含量高,蔗糖转化酶活性大。生长发育前期旺盛型品种,在盛花前氮代谢和碳代谢生理活性强,盛花后碳氮代谢生理活性低;盛花前叶片全氮、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量高,NR和GPT活性大,叶绿素、净光合速率和可溶性糖含量高,蔗糖转化酶活性大。生长发育后期旺盛型品种,在盛花前碳氮代谢生理活性低,盛花后氮代谢和碳代谢生理活性增强;盛花后叶片全氮、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量高,NR和GPT活性大,叶绿素含量、净光合速率和可溶性糖含量高,蔗糖转化酶活性大。营养生长过旺型的品种,其氮代谢生理活性较强,碳代谢生理活性较弱;叶片全氮、
The study was undertaken on eleven boll worm resistant transgenic cotton cultivars, which were CCRI41、 CCRI29、 LumianyanNO.15、 KemianNO.1、 KemianNO.3、 GK19、 GK99088、 LumianyanNO.22、 KemianNO.4. SGK321 and LumianyanNO.16,during the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons at the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. The object of this study was to investigate the characteristics of development, the carbon and nitrogen metabolism and the absorption and distribution of nitrogen、 phosphorus and potassium. The main results were as follows:1, There were four development characteristics for the eleven boll worm resistant transgenic cotton cultivars. CCRI41 、 CCRI29、 LumianyanNO.15、 KemianNO.1 and KemianNO.3 had both strong vegetative and reproductive growth in whole growth period. They had bigger growth rate for plant height and LAI, greater intensity for square appearance and boll setting, and higher dry matter weight for vegetative and reproductive organs, the ratio of the reproductive organs and vegetative organs dry matter weight was about 1:1. GK19 and GK99088 had both strong vegetative and reproductive growth before full-flower period. They had bigger growth rate for plant height and LAI, greater intensity of square appearance and boll setting before the peak-flowering period. They kept the balance between vegetative and reproductive growth. LumianyanNO.22 and KemianNO.4 had both strong vegetative and reproductive growth after
peak-flowering period. They had lower growth rate for plant height and LAI, and smaller intensity of square appearance and boll setting before peak-flowering period, but greater intensity of square appearance and boll setting, higher reproductive dry matter weight after the peak-flowering period. They were stronger reproductive growth. SGK321 and LumianyanNO.16 had excessive vegetative growth. They had greatest growth rate for plant height and LAI in the whole period, lowest intensity of square appearance and boll setting, and highest vegetative organs dry matter weight of vegetative organs.2, There were same characteristics for the eleven cultivars in carbon and nitrogen physiological metabolism. The cultivars(CCRI41 、 CCRI29 、 LumianyanNO.15. KemianNO.l and KemianNO.3) had both strong carbon and nitrogen physiological metabolism in the whole period, they had higher contents for leaf total nitrogen, amino acid, soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, higher net photosynthetic intensity, and greater enzyme activities for NR, GPT and Sucroase. The GK19 and GK99088 had both strong carbon and nitrogen physiological metabolism before peak flowering period, they had higher contents for leaf total nitrogen, amino acid, soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, higher net photosynthetic intensity, and greater enzyme activities for NR, GPT and Sucroase before peak flowering period. LumianyanNO.22 and KemianNO.4 which had both strong carbon and nitrogen physiological metabolism after peak flowering, they had higher contents for leaf total nitrogen, amino acid, soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, higher net photosynthesis rate, and greater enzyme activities for NR, GPT and Sucroase after the peak flowering period. SGK321 and LumianyanNO.16 had strong nitrogen metabolism and weak carbon metabolism, they had higher contents for leaf total nitrogen, amino acid, soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, higher net photosynthesis rate, and greater enzyme activities for NR and GPT, weaker Sucroase activity.3, There are also four characteristics in absorption and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for the eleven cultivars. The cultivars( CCRI41, CCRI29、 LumianyanNO.15, KemianNO.l and KemianNO.3) had greater absorption amount for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the
whole period, especially during June five to July five and July twenty to August thirty. The absorption ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 1: 0.383 ~ 0.395: 1.142 ~ 1
1,转基因抗虫棉参试品种的生长发育变化呈4种生长发育特征。中棉所41、中棉所29、鲁棉研15、科棉1号和科棉3号这5个品种的株高和LAI增长快,现蕾和成铃强度大,营养器官和生殖器官生物量高,且两者比例协调,可称为生长发育两旺型。GK19和GK99088这2个品种在盛花前的株高和LAI增长快、现蕾强度大,结铃前期成铃速度快,营养器官和生殖器官生物量较高且较为协调,可称为生长发育前期旺盛型。鲁棉研22和科棉4号这2个品种在盛花前株高和LAI增长较慢,现蕾速度慢,结铃前期成铃速度慢,盛花后现蕾和成铃强度大,生殖器官生物量积累高,可称为生长发育后期旺盛型。SGK321和鲁棉研16这2个品种的株高和LAI增长过快,现蕾和成铃强度低,营养器官生物量高,比例也高,可称为营养生长过旺型。
2,相应地具有这4种生长发育特征的品种在碳氮代谢生理上表现如下。生长发育两旺型品种,氮代谢和碳代谢生理活性都强;叶片全氮、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量高,NR和GPT活性大,叶绿素、净光合速率和可溶性糖含量高,蔗糖转化酶活性大。生长发育前期旺盛型品种,在盛花前氮代谢和碳代谢生理活性强,盛花后碳氮代谢生理活性低;盛花前叶片全氮、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量高,NR和GPT活性大,叶绿素、净光合速率和可溶性糖含量高,蔗糖转化酶活性大。生长发育后期旺盛型品种,在盛花前碳氮代谢生理活性低,盛花后氮代谢和碳代谢生理活性增强;盛花后叶片全氮、游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量高,NR和GPT活性大,叶绿素含量、净光合速率和可溶性糖含量高,蔗糖转化酶活性大。营养生长过旺型的品种,其氮代谢生理活性较强,碳代谢生理活性较弱;叶片全氮、
The study was undertaken on eleven boll worm resistant transgenic cotton cultivars, which were CCRI41、 CCRI29、 LumianyanNO.15、 KemianNO.1、 KemianNO.3、 GK19、 GK99088、 LumianyanNO.22、 KemianNO.4. SGK321 and LumianyanNO.16,during the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons at the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. The object of this study was to investigate the characteristics of development, the carbon and nitrogen metabolism and the absorption and distribution of nitrogen、 phosphorus and potassium. The main results were as follows:1, There were four development characteristics for the eleven boll worm resistant transgenic cotton cultivars. CCRI41 、 CCRI29、 LumianyanNO.15、 KemianNO.1 and KemianNO.3 had both strong vegetative and reproductive growth in whole growth period. They had bigger growth rate for plant height and LAI, greater intensity for square appearance and boll setting, and higher dry matter weight for vegetative and reproductive organs, the ratio of the reproductive organs and vegetative organs dry matter weight was about 1:1. GK19 and GK99088 had both strong vegetative and reproductive growth before full-flower period. They had bigger growth rate for plant height and LAI, greater intensity of square appearance and boll setting before the peak-flowering period. They kept the balance between vegetative and reproductive growth. LumianyanNO.22 and KemianNO.4 had both strong vegetative and reproductive growth after
peak-flowering period. They had lower growth rate for plant height and LAI, and smaller intensity of square appearance and boll setting before peak-flowering period, but greater intensity of square appearance and boll setting, higher reproductive dry matter weight after the peak-flowering period. They were stronger reproductive growth. SGK321 and LumianyanNO.16 had excessive vegetative growth. They had greatest growth rate for plant height and LAI in the whole period, lowest intensity of square appearance and boll setting, and highest vegetative organs dry matter weight of vegetative organs.2, There were same characteristics for the eleven cultivars in carbon and nitrogen physiological metabolism. The cultivars(CCRI41 、 CCRI29 、 LumianyanNO.15. KemianNO.l and KemianNO.3) had both strong carbon and nitrogen physiological metabolism in the whole period, they had higher contents for leaf total nitrogen, amino acid, soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, higher net photosynthetic intensity, and greater enzyme activities for NR, GPT and Sucroase. The GK19 and GK99088 had both strong carbon and nitrogen physiological metabolism before peak flowering period, they had higher contents for leaf total nitrogen, amino acid, soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, higher net photosynthetic intensity, and greater enzyme activities for NR, GPT and Sucroase before peak flowering period. LumianyanNO.22 and KemianNO.4 which had both strong carbon and nitrogen physiological metabolism after peak flowering, they had higher contents for leaf total nitrogen, amino acid, soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, higher net photosynthesis rate, and greater enzyme activities for NR, GPT and Sucroase after the peak flowering period. SGK321 and LumianyanNO.16 had strong nitrogen metabolism and weak carbon metabolism, they had higher contents for leaf total nitrogen, amino acid, soluble protein, soluble sugar, chlorophyll, higher net photosynthesis rate, and greater enzyme activities for NR and GPT, weaker Sucroase activity.3, There are also four characteristics in absorption and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for the eleven cultivars. The cultivars( CCRI41, CCRI29、 LumianyanNO.15, KemianNO.l and KemianNO.3) had greater absorption amount for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the
whole period, especially during June five to July five and July twenty to August thirty. The absorption ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 1: 0.383 ~ 0.395: 1.142 ~ 1
引文
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