暂态振荡的频率测量和振荡源辨识及其影响研究
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摘要
暂态振荡是一种常见的电能质量问题,但由于它的短时性而被人忽视。如今,随着工业文明的发展,自动化程度的提高,各种电子设备的更加敏感,电力用户对电能质量有了更高的要求,暂态振荡问题也越来越受到人们所关注。本文利用小波变换结合加窗傅立叶变换实现了暂态振荡频率的测量,而且对加噪的信号通过小波消噪仍然可以在一定范围内实现频率测量;利用PSCAD软件建立一个产生暂态振荡的系统,用能量法和积分法对暂态振荡定向,由实验结果首次发现了能量法在含噪信号中没有可用性,而积分法对含噪信号的抵抗性比较高;最后文章利用数学模型分析了暂态振荡对电动机、SVC的影响,并利用PSCAD仿真中得到的数据进行分析,从而验证了预期结果。
Transient oscillation is a common power quality problems, but because of its short-term rather neglected. Now, with the development of industrial civilization, the degree of automation, and various electronic devices more sensitive to the power users have higher requirements for power quality, transient oscillation problem more and more people concern. In this paper, wavelet transform and STFT realized the value of the main features of frequency measurement of the transient oscillation, but also a signal with low noise by wavelet threshold de-noising can still be achieved within frequency measurement; while using PSCAD software established a system which generated a transient oscillation, using the energy method and integral method for transient oscillations orientation. From the experimental results for the first time found that the energy method in noisy signal is not available, while the integral method for noisy signals a relatively high resistance; final article analyzes the use of mathematical models of the motor transient oscillation, SVC effects and the use of PSCAD Simulation analysis of the data obtained to validate the expected results.
Transient oscillation is a common power quality problems, but because of its short-term rather neglected. Now, with the development of industrial civilization, the degree of automation, and various electronic devices more sensitive to the power users have higher requirements for power quality, transient oscillation problem more and more people concern. In this paper, wavelet transform and STFT realized the value of the main features of frequency measurement of the transient oscillation, but also a signal with low noise by wavelet threshold de-noising can still be achieved within frequency measurement; while using PSCAD software established a system which generated a transient oscillation, using the energy method and integral method for transient oscillations orientation. From the experimental results for the first time found that the energy method in noisy signal is not available, while the integral method for noisy signals a relatively high resistance; final article analyzes the use of mathematical models of the motor transient oscillation, SVC effects and the use of PSCAD Simulation analysis of the data obtained to validate the expected results.
引文
[1]李妍,余欣梅,段献忠.电力系统电压暂降分析计算方法综述[J].电网技术,2004,28(7):74-78
[2]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题[J].电网技术,2001,25(10):5-12
[3]肖湘宁.电能质量分析与控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[4]罗艳.电能质量扰动识别与定位[D].保定:华北电力大学电气工程学院,2004
[5] Shih-An Yin,Chan-Nan Lu,Edwin Liu.A Survey on High Tech Industry Power Quality Requirements.IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition,2001,1:548-553
[6]林海雪,杜澍春,赵刚(Lin Haixue,Du Shuchun,Zhao Gang).国标《电能质量暂时过电压和瞬态过电压》编制说明[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2003,12(27):80-84.
[7]邵如平,韩正伟,林锦国.电能质量指标分析[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2007,19(6):118-121
[8]王继东,王成山,基于小波变换的电容器投切扰动源定位[J],电力自动化设备,2004,5(24):20-23.
[9] PARSONS A C,GRADY W M,POWERS E J,et al.A direction finder for power quality disturbances based upon disturbance power and energy[J],IEEE Trans.On Power Delivery,2000,15(3):1081-1086.
[10] Greenwood A.Electrical Transients in Power Systems,2nd ed.New York:John Wiley&Sons,Inc,1991
[11]邱万英.当今电能质量的新含义及分析[J],华东交通大学学报,2002,1(19):21-24
[12] Adams P A,Middlekauff S W,Camm E H.et al.Solving Customer Power Quality Problems Due to Voltage Magnification . IEEE Transactions on Industry Application,1998,13(4):1515-1520
[13]张斌,刘晓川,许之晗.基于变换的电能质量分析方法[J].电网技术,2001,25(1):26-29
[14]王继东,王成山,基于小波变换的电容器投切扰动源定位[J],电力自动化设备,2004,5(24):20-23
[15]张凯,关根志,张海龙.用小波变换和瞬时功率定位电能质量扰动源[J],高电压技术,2008,3(34):573-577
[16] Huang S J,Hsieh C T,Huang C L.Application of Morlet wavelets to supervise powersystem disturbances[J].IEEE Trans On Power Delivery,1999,14(1):235-241
[17] Barker P,Maneao R,Kvaltine D,et al,Characteristics of Lighting Surges Measured at Metal Oxide Distribution Arresters.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1993,8(4):301-310
[18]张伏生,耻中行,葛耀中.电力系统谐波分析的高精度FFT算法[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(3)
[19] Daubechies I.The wavelets transform.Time frequency localization and signal analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Info Theory 1990.36(5):961-1005
[20]胡昌华,张军波,夏军,等.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计——小波分析.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999
[21]赵成勇,何明锋.基于特定频带的短时傅立叶分析[J] .电力系统自动化,2004,28(14):41-44.
[22] Poisson O,Rioual P,Meunier M.New signal processing tools applied to power quality analysis[J].IEEE Trans 0n Power Delivery 1999.14(2):561-566
[23] Santoso S,Powers E J,Grady W M.Power quality disturbance data compression using wavelet transform methods[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1997.12(2):1250-1255
[24] Litiler T B,Morrow D J.Wavelets for the analysis and compression of power system disturbances[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1999.14(2):358-304
[25] Huang S J,Hsieh C T,Huang C L.Application of Morlet wavelets to supervise power system disturbances[J].IEEE Trans On Power Delivery,1999.14(1):235-241
[26] Santoso S,Powers E J,Grady W M.Power quality disturbance data compression using wavelet transform methods[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1997.12(2):1250-1255
[27] Swart P H,Case M J,Van Wyk J D.On techniques for localization of sources producing distortion in electric power networks [J] .European Transactions on Power,1994,4 (6):485-490
[28] Grebe T E.Application of distribution system capacitor banks and their impact on power quality [J] .IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1996,32(3):714-719
[29] PARSONS A C,GRADY W M,POWERS E J,et al.Rules for locating the sources of capacitor switching disturbances [A] .Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting [C].Edmonton,Alta.Canada:IEEE,1999.794-799.
[30] Dugan R C,McGranaghan M F,Beaty H W.Electrical Power Systems Quality.New York McGraw-Hill,1996
[31] Chui C K.An Introduction to Wavelets.New York:Academic Press,1992
[32]胡广书.数字信号处理——理论、算法与实现.北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[33]陈行禄,秦永元.信号分析与处理.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1993
[34]刘安定,肖先勇,邓武军.基于离散余弦变换和小波变换的电能质量扰动信号检测方法[J],电网技术,2005,10(29):70-74
[35]程正兴.小波分析算法与应用.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1998
[36]李弼程,罗建书.小波分析及其应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2003,28-130
[37]潘泉,张磊,孟晋丽,张洪才.小波滤波方法及应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2005,1-62
[38] Mallat S,Hwang W L,Sigularity Detection and Processing with Wavelets,IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.1992.38(2):617-643
[39] Donoho D L,De-noising by soft-thresholding.IEEE Trans.Inform.Theory,1995,41(3):613-627
[40] Donoho D L,Johnstone I M.Adapting to unknown smoothness via wavelet shrinkage.Journal of the American Statistical Association,1995,90:1200-1224
[41] B Vidakovic,C B Lozoya.On time-dependent wavelet denoising.IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1998,46(9):2549-2551
[42]周兰花.基于小波变换的医学图像处理技术研究[D] .北京:北京航空航天大学,2004
[43] ChethanP,Mickey C.Frequency Characteristics of Wavelets.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2002,17(3):800-804
[44]吴大正,杨林耀,张永瑞.信号与线性系统分析.北京:高等教育出版社,2004,116-120
[45]叶东.电机学.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1995,324-339
[46]李国栋,金焱,顾强,徐永海.电能质量扰动对异步电动机特性影响的分析与仿真研究[J].继电器,2007,35(2),49-54
[47]王锡凡.现代电力系统分析.北京:科学出版社,2003,204-212
[2]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题[J].电网技术,2001,25(10):5-12
[3]肖湘宁.电能质量分析与控制[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[4]罗艳.电能质量扰动识别与定位[D].保定:华北电力大学电气工程学院,2004
[5] Shih-An Yin,Chan-Nan Lu,Edwin Liu.A Survey on High Tech Industry Power Quality Requirements.IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition,2001,1:548-553
[6]林海雪,杜澍春,赵刚(Lin Haixue,Du Shuchun,Zhao Gang).国标《电能质量暂时过电压和瞬态过电压》编制说明[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2003,12(27):80-84.
[7]邵如平,韩正伟,林锦国.电能质量指标分析[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2007,19(6):118-121
[8]王继东,王成山,基于小波变换的电容器投切扰动源定位[J],电力自动化设备,2004,5(24):20-23.
[9] PARSONS A C,GRADY W M,POWERS E J,et al.A direction finder for power quality disturbances based upon disturbance power and energy[J],IEEE Trans.On Power Delivery,2000,15(3):1081-1086.
[10] Greenwood A.Electrical Transients in Power Systems,2nd ed.New York:John Wiley&Sons,Inc,1991
[11]邱万英.当今电能质量的新含义及分析[J],华东交通大学学报,2002,1(19):21-24
[12] Adams P A,Middlekauff S W,Camm E H.et al.Solving Customer Power Quality Problems Due to Voltage Magnification . IEEE Transactions on Industry Application,1998,13(4):1515-1520
[13]张斌,刘晓川,许之晗.基于变换的电能质量分析方法[J].电网技术,2001,25(1):26-29
[14]王继东,王成山,基于小波变换的电容器投切扰动源定位[J],电力自动化设备,2004,5(24):20-23
[15]张凯,关根志,张海龙.用小波变换和瞬时功率定位电能质量扰动源[J],高电压技术,2008,3(34):573-577
[16] Huang S J,Hsieh C T,Huang C L.Application of Morlet wavelets to supervise powersystem disturbances[J].IEEE Trans On Power Delivery,1999,14(1):235-241
[17] Barker P,Maneao R,Kvaltine D,et al,Characteristics of Lighting Surges Measured at Metal Oxide Distribution Arresters.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1993,8(4):301-310
[18]张伏生,耻中行,葛耀中.电力系统谐波分析的高精度FFT算法[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(3)
[19] Daubechies I.The wavelets transform.Time frequency localization and signal analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Info Theory 1990.36(5):961-1005
[20]胡昌华,张军波,夏军,等.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计——小波分析.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999
[21]赵成勇,何明锋.基于特定频带的短时傅立叶分析[J] .电力系统自动化,2004,28(14):41-44.
[22] Poisson O,Rioual P,Meunier M.New signal processing tools applied to power quality analysis[J].IEEE Trans 0n Power Delivery 1999.14(2):561-566
[23] Santoso S,Powers E J,Grady W M.Power quality disturbance data compression using wavelet transform methods[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1997.12(2):1250-1255
[24] Litiler T B,Morrow D J.Wavelets for the analysis and compression of power system disturbances[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1999.14(2):358-304
[25] Huang S J,Hsieh C T,Huang C L.Application of Morlet wavelets to supervise power system disturbances[J].IEEE Trans On Power Delivery,1999.14(1):235-241
[26] Santoso S,Powers E J,Grady W M.Power quality disturbance data compression using wavelet transform methods[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1997.12(2):1250-1255
[27] Swart P H,Case M J,Van Wyk J D.On techniques for localization of sources producing distortion in electric power networks [J] .European Transactions on Power,1994,4 (6):485-490
[28] Grebe T E.Application of distribution system capacitor banks and their impact on power quality [J] .IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,1996,32(3):714-719
[29] PARSONS A C,GRADY W M,POWERS E J,et al.Rules for locating the sources of capacitor switching disturbances [A] .Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting [C].Edmonton,Alta.Canada:IEEE,1999.794-799.
[30] Dugan R C,McGranaghan M F,Beaty H W.Electrical Power Systems Quality.New York McGraw-Hill,1996
[31] Chui C K.An Introduction to Wavelets.New York:Academic Press,1992
[32]胡广书.数字信号处理——理论、算法与实现.北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[33]陈行禄,秦永元.信号分析与处理.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1993
[34]刘安定,肖先勇,邓武军.基于离散余弦变换和小波变换的电能质量扰动信号检测方法[J],电网技术,2005,10(29):70-74
[35]程正兴.小波分析算法与应用.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1998
[36]李弼程,罗建书.小波分析及其应用.北京:电子工业出版社,2003,28-130
[37]潘泉,张磊,孟晋丽,张洪才.小波滤波方法及应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2005,1-62
[38] Mallat S,Hwang W L,Sigularity Detection and Processing with Wavelets,IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.1992.38(2):617-643
[39] Donoho D L,De-noising by soft-thresholding.IEEE Trans.Inform.Theory,1995,41(3):613-627
[40] Donoho D L,Johnstone I M.Adapting to unknown smoothness via wavelet shrinkage.Journal of the American Statistical Association,1995,90:1200-1224
[41] B Vidakovic,C B Lozoya.On time-dependent wavelet denoising.IEEE Trans Signal Processing,1998,46(9):2549-2551
[42]周兰花.基于小波变换的医学图像处理技术研究[D] .北京:北京航空航天大学,2004
[43] ChethanP,Mickey C.Frequency Characteristics of Wavelets.IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2002,17(3):800-804
[44]吴大正,杨林耀,张永瑞.信号与线性系统分析.北京:高等教育出版社,2004,116-120
[45]叶东.电机学.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1995,324-339
[46]李国栋,金焱,顾强,徐永海.电能质量扰动对异步电动机特性影响的分析与仿真研究[J].继电器,2007,35(2),49-54
[47]王锡凡.现代电力系统分析.北京:科学出版社,2003,204-212
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