川东南赤水—綦江地区嘉陵江组层序地层、沉积相与储层特征研究
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摘要
川东南赤水-綦江地区,发现了旺隆、太和、宝元等气田以及天堂坝、四面山、轿子山等一批有利圈闭,均揭示了川东南地区三叠系嘉陵江组天然气勘探开发具有良好的前景。因此,全面准确评价嘉陵江组储层,准确把握储层发育展布规律,对于该地区嘉陵江组的进一步勘探开发具有重要意义。
本文通过区域地质调查报告查阅、野外露头观察、录井、测井、岩芯及薄片等资料的综合研究,建立了嘉陵江组层序及高频层序地层格架,并在层序及高频层序格架内对沉积相和储层的展布进行了刻划;进一步掌握层序格架内沉积相演化规律和储层发育规律,最终到达储层综合评价的目的。主要成果如下:
1.嘉陵江组可划分为两个三级层序,六个四级层序、十五个五级层序。其中三级层序均为II型层序,层序结构样式为H型层序;在对高频层序研究中识别出33类高频层序。
2.建立了三级层序及高频层序格架对比,并指出川东南地区嘉陵江组层序形成的主控因素为海平面变化和气候的变化,与构造抬升和物源供给的相关性较小。
3.根据沉积相识别标志,将研究区划分为开阔潮下、台内滩、半局限泻湖、局限泻湖,局限台坪等亚相以及23个微相。并在层序格架内提出沉积模式,最终以三级层序体系域、四级层序和关键五级层序为等时单元对沉积相展布进行了刻划。
4.识别出嘉陵江组储层的储集空间类型有粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、铸模孔、晶间孔、晶间溶孔、膏模孔及裂缝等,其中以粒间溶孔尤为重要。储层成因类型划分为滩相溶蚀孔隙型、局限台坪溶蚀孔隙型、膏溶孔洞型和裂缝型。
5.研究表明,嘉陵江组储层成岩作用包括胶结作用、白云石化作用、膏化、去膏化作用、压实压溶作用、溶蚀作用、充填作用、破裂作用等,在此基础上建立了成岩作用序列,并分析了储层空间演化,指出同生期大气淡水的溶蚀作用是储层发育的最主要因素。
6.研究了层序与储层的关系,并指出储层纵横向发育分布受三级层序及高频层序的控制,储层主要发育于高水位体系域,而其形成则主要是受五级层序旋回的演化控制,且于干旱气候和潮湿气候下有不同的形成模式,导致储层于五级层序中的发育部位不同。
7.对储层的物性特征进行研究,指出其主要为低孔低渗类储层,且孔渗匹配性较好的储层类型为溶蚀孔隙型储层。根据储层分类评价标准,认为川东南赤水-綦江地区主要发育III类储层。
Several favorable traps such as Tiantangba, Simianshan, Jiaozishan and some gas pools like Wanglong, Taihe, Baoyuan in Chishui-Qijiang Region, Southeast of Sichuan have revealed good prospects about natural gas exploration and development of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in the southeast of Sichuan. Therefore, the author comprehensive and accurately evaluates the reservoir Jialing Formation and accurately grasps the development of reservoir distribution law, which is important to further exploration and development of Jialingjiang Formation in this area.
According to the comprehensive research about the fegional Report Search, the observation of outcrop, logging, well logging, core and thin slice etc., the author establishes the sequence and high frequency sequence framework of Jialingjiang Formation and detailly describes the distribution of sedimentary facies and reservoir within the sequence and high frequency sequence framework, and then further masters the law of the sedimentary facies evolution and reservoir development within the sequence framework. On the top of that, the author reach the target of the reservoir comprehensive evaluation. The major outcome is following.
1. The Jialingjaing Formation is divided into two 3rd-order sequences, six 4th-order sequences and fifteen 5th-order sequences. And the 3rd-order sequence is type II sequence, the sequence structure patterns are type H sequence. In the research of the high frequency sequence, the author identifies 33 high frequency sequences.
2. Establishing the comparison of the 3rd-order sequence and high frequency sequence framework, the author points that the major control factor of the sequence generation in Jialingjiang Formation is sea-level change and climate change, and the correlation of the tectonic uplift and source supply is lower.
3. According to the sedimentary facies identification mark, the study area is divided into several subfacies such as the wide open, the platform within the beach, half-restricted lagoon, restricted lagoon and restricted sets Ping etc and 23 microfacies. And the author proposes the sedimentary model within the sequence framework. Finally the author detailly describes the distribution of sedimentary facies, using the system tract in 3rd-order sequence, 4th- order sequence and key 5th-order sequence as isochronal unit.
4. The author identifies the reservoir space of Jialingjiang Formation reservoir is made up of intergranular dissolution pores, dissolution pores, mold hole, intercrystalline pores, intergranular dissolution pores, Plaster mold hole and cracks etc., especially the intergranular dissolution pores is important. According to the reservoir causes, the reservoir is divided into beach erosion pore type, limitations table dissolution pore type, paste dissolved type and fractured porous.type.
5. The research shows that the diagenesis of Jialingjaing Formation reservoir includes cementation, dolomitization, creaming to creaming, compaction pressure solution, dissolution, filling, fracturing, etc. On the basis of that, the author builds up the diagenesis succession, analysis the evolution of the reservoir space, and indicates the contemporaneous dissolution of atmospheric water is the main factor for the reservoir development.
6. Studying the relationship of the sequence and reservoir, the author believe that the longitudinal and lateral distribution of reservoir development is controlled by 3rd-order sequence and high frequency sequence. The reservoirs mainly developed in the high system tract, whose generation is controlled by the cycle evolution of 5th-order sequence. And the reservoir in arid climate and humid climate presents the different modes, which causes that the reservoir in 5th-order develop in different position.
7. According to the research of the reservoir physical properties, the author think that the physical properties of the reservoir is low porosity and low permeability, and the reservoir that permeability is good match with porosity is dissolution porosity type. According to the reservoir classification and evaluation criteria, the author believe that the reservoir which developed in Chishui-Qijiang area in southeast of Sichuan belongs Class III reservoir.
本文通过区域地质调查报告查阅、野外露头观察、录井、测井、岩芯及薄片等资料的综合研究,建立了嘉陵江组层序及高频层序地层格架,并在层序及高频层序格架内对沉积相和储层的展布进行了刻划;进一步掌握层序格架内沉积相演化规律和储层发育规律,最终到达储层综合评价的目的。主要成果如下:
1.嘉陵江组可划分为两个三级层序,六个四级层序、十五个五级层序。其中三级层序均为II型层序,层序结构样式为H型层序;在对高频层序研究中识别出33类高频层序。
2.建立了三级层序及高频层序格架对比,并指出川东南地区嘉陵江组层序形成的主控因素为海平面变化和气候的变化,与构造抬升和物源供给的相关性较小。
3.根据沉积相识别标志,将研究区划分为开阔潮下、台内滩、半局限泻湖、局限泻湖,局限台坪等亚相以及23个微相。并在层序格架内提出沉积模式,最终以三级层序体系域、四级层序和关键五级层序为等时单元对沉积相展布进行了刻划。
4.识别出嘉陵江组储层的储集空间类型有粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、铸模孔、晶间孔、晶间溶孔、膏模孔及裂缝等,其中以粒间溶孔尤为重要。储层成因类型划分为滩相溶蚀孔隙型、局限台坪溶蚀孔隙型、膏溶孔洞型和裂缝型。
5.研究表明,嘉陵江组储层成岩作用包括胶结作用、白云石化作用、膏化、去膏化作用、压实压溶作用、溶蚀作用、充填作用、破裂作用等,在此基础上建立了成岩作用序列,并分析了储层空间演化,指出同生期大气淡水的溶蚀作用是储层发育的最主要因素。
6.研究了层序与储层的关系,并指出储层纵横向发育分布受三级层序及高频层序的控制,储层主要发育于高水位体系域,而其形成则主要是受五级层序旋回的演化控制,且于干旱气候和潮湿气候下有不同的形成模式,导致储层于五级层序中的发育部位不同。
7.对储层的物性特征进行研究,指出其主要为低孔低渗类储层,且孔渗匹配性较好的储层类型为溶蚀孔隙型储层。根据储层分类评价标准,认为川东南赤水-綦江地区主要发育III类储层。
Several favorable traps such as Tiantangba, Simianshan, Jiaozishan and some gas pools like Wanglong, Taihe, Baoyuan in Chishui-Qijiang Region, Southeast of Sichuan have revealed good prospects about natural gas exploration and development of Triassic Jialingjiang Formation in the southeast of Sichuan. Therefore, the author comprehensive and accurately evaluates the reservoir Jialing Formation and accurately grasps the development of reservoir distribution law, which is important to further exploration and development of Jialingjiang Formation in this area.
According to the comprehensive research about the fegional Report Search, the observation of outcrop, logging, well logging, core and thin slice etc., the author establishes the sequence and high frequency sequence framework of Jialingjiang Formation and detailly describes the distribution of sedimentary facies and reservoir within the sequence and high frequency sequence framework, and then further masters the law of the sedimentary facies evolution and reservoir development within the sequence framework. On the top of that, the author reach the target of the reservoir comprehensive evaluation. The major outcome is following.
1. The Jialingjaing Formation is divided into two 3rd-order sequences, six 4th-order sequences and fifteen 5th-order sequences. And the 3rd-order sequence is type II sequence, the sequence structure patterns are type H sequence. In the research of the high frequency sequence, the author identifies 33 high frequency sequences.
2. Establishing the comparison of the 3rd-order sequence and high frequency sequence framework, the author points that the major control factor of the sequence generation in Jialingjiang Formation is sea-level change and climate change, and the correlation of the tectonic uplift and source supply is lower.
3. According to the sedimentary facies identification mark, the study area is divided into several subfacies such as the wide open, the platform within the beach, half-restricted lagoon, restricted lagoon and restricted sets Ping etc and 23 microfacies. And the author proposes the sedimentary model within the sequence framework. Finally the author detailly describes the distribution of sedimentary facies, using the system tract in 3rd-order sequence, 4th- order sequence and key 5th-order sequence as isochronal unit.
4. The author identifies the reservoir space of Jialingjiang Formation reservoir is made up of intergranular dissolution pores, dissolution pores, mold hole, intercrystalline pores, intergranular dissolution pores, Plaster mold hole and cracks etc., especially the intergranular dissolution pores is important. According to the reservoir causes, the reservoir is divided into beach erosion pore type, limitations table dissolution pore type, paste dissolved type and fractured porous.type.
5. The research shows that the diagenesis of Jialingjaing Formation reservoir includes cementation, dolomitization, creaming to creaming, compaction pressure solution, dissolution, filling, fracturing, etc. On the basis of that, the author builds up the diagenesis succession, analysis the evolution of the reservoir space, and indicates the contemporaneous dissolution of atmospheric water is the main factor for the reservoir development.
6. Studying the relationship of the sequence and reservoir, the author believe that the longitudinal and lateral distribution of reservoir development is controlled by 3rd-order sequence and high frequency sequence. The reservoirs mainly developed in the high system tract, whose generation is controlled by the cycle evolution of 5th-order sequence. And the reservoir in arid climate and humid climate presents the different modes, which causes that the reservoir in 5th-order develop in different position.
7. According to the research of the reservoir physical properties, the author think that the physical properties of the reservoir is low porosity and low permeability, and the reservoir that permeability is good match with porosity is dissolution porosity type. According to the reservoir classification and evaluation criteria, the author believe that the reservoir which developed in Chishui-Qijiang area in southeast of Sichuan belongs Class III reservoir.
引文
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