硅处理对干旱胁迫下龙眼苗生理特性的影响
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摘要
通过叶面喷施不同浓度的(200 mg?L、400 mg?L、800 mg?L)硅酸钠,研究干旱胁迫下龙眼苗叶片生理生化特性(相对含水量、游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖及淀粉含量、抗氧化系统、光合作用及叶绿素荧光参数)的变化。研究结果如下:
1、研究结果表明,干旱胁迫下龙眼叶片中游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量显著增加,相对含水量、可溶性蛋白质及淀粉含量减少。加入外源硅,干旱胁迫下龙眼苗叶片中游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量降低;硅提高了干旱胁迫下龙眼苗叶片中可溶性蛋白质及淀粉含量。硅浓度为400 mg·L效果显著,降低干旱胁迫对龙眼的抑制作用。
2、干旱胁迫后,龙眼叶片质膜透性、超氧自由基(O_2~(.-))产生速率、过氧化氢(H_2O_2)产生速率和丙二醛(MDA)含量明显升高;硅处理叶片的O_2~(.-)产生速率、H_2O_2和MDA含量明显低于不施硅处理,硅提高了重度胁迫下叶片抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性;硅提高了龙眼叶片抗坏血酸(AsA)及还原型谷肤甘肽(GSH)含量。
3、干旱胁迫降低了龙眼叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量;硅处理提高了叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量。干旱胁迫降低龙眼叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr),提高了细胞间隙二氧化碳浓度(Ci),硅处理提高了叶片Pn、Tr,降低Ci。硅处理有利于植物光合作用的进行。
4、干旱胁迫使主要荧光参数Fo显著增加,Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo值均显著下降;干旱胁迫条件下,硅处理的Fv/Fo的比值显著高于不加硅处理,表明硅处理PSⅡ的潜在活性高。说明硅有利于龙眼对光能的捕获和转换,降低干旱胁迫对龙眼的抑制作用。
In order to study the effects silicon with different concentration on drought resistance of ,Na2SiO3 was sprayed with three concentration(200 mg/L、400 mg/L、800 mg/L ) of silicon under drought stress condition.The changes of some physiological indexes including the content of chlorophyll,proline,soluable protein,starch;the activities of enzymes in antioxidant system,photosynthesis and chlorophyⅡfluorescence parameters in silicon were determined under different drought stress. The major findings are as follows:
1 The results showed that the treatment of 400 mg/L silicon increased the content of soluable protein、relative water、soluable starch and reduced the proline、starch content and soluble sugar content under drought stress.
2 After drought stress, membrane permeability, superoxide radical production rate, production rate of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde were significantly increased; silicon processing leaves superoxide (O2.-) production rate, H_2O_2 and malondialdehyde (MDA), much lower than that of silicon processing, silicon under severe stress increased leaf ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity.Effects of silicon reduced the ascorbic acid and GSH content in leaves of longan.
3 The longan leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid content; silicon treatment increased the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid content and content;,it was beneficial to plant growth under drought stress,. Under drought stress,The silicon treatment reduced the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and increased intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci).The silicon treatment increased Pn、Tr, and reduced Ci. Silicon is conducive to the conduct of plant photosynthesis.
4 The main fluorescence parameters of Fo increased significantly, Fm, Fv, Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo were significantly decreased under severe stress.Under drought stress conditions, the increase of silicon processing Fv/Fo ratio was significantly higher than without silicon, it was concluded that PSⅡhas high potential activity with silicon,reduced the inhibitory effect of drought stress on longan.
1、研究结果表明,干旱胁迫下龙眼叶片中游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量显著增加,相对含水量、可溶性蛋白质及淀粉含量减少。加入外源硅,干旱胁迫下龙眼苗叶片中游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量降低;硅提高了干旱胁迫下龙眼苗叶片中可溶性蛋白质及淀粉含量。硅浓度为400 mg·L效果显著,降低干旱胁迫对龙眼的抑制作用。
2、干旱胁迫后,龙眼叶片质膜透性、超氧自由基(O_2~(.-))产生速率、过氧化氢(H_2O_2)产生速率和丙二醛(MDA)含量明显升高;硅处理叶片的O_2~(.-)产生速率、H_2O_2和MDA含量明显低于不施硅处理,硅提高了重度胁迫下叶片抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性;硅提高了龙眼叶片抗坏血酸(AsA)及还原型谷肤甘肽(GSH)含量。
3、干旱胁迫降低了龙眼叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量;硅处理提高了叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量。干旱胁迫降低龙眼叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr),提高了细胞间隙二氧化碳浓度(Ci),硅处理提高了叶片Pn、Tr,降低Ci。硅处理有利于植物光合作用的进行。
4、干旱胁迫使主要荧光参数Fo显著增加,Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo值均显著下降;干旱胁迫条件下,硅处理的Fv/Fo的比值显著高于不加硅处理,表明硅处理PSⅡ的潜在活性高。说明硅有利于龙眼对光能的捕获和转换,降低干旱胁迫对龙眼的抑制作用。
In order to study the effects silicon with different concentration on drought resistance of ,Na2SiO3 was sprayed with three concentration(200 mg/L、400 mg/L、800 mg/L ) of silicon under drought stress condition.The changes of some physiological indexes including the content of chlorophyll,proline,soluable protein,starch;the activities of enzymes in antioxidant system,photosynthesis and chlorophyⅡfluorescence parameters in silicon were determined under different drought stress. The major findings are as follows:
1 The results showed that the treatment of 400 mg/L silicon increased the content of soluable protein、relative water、soluable starch and reduced the proline、starch content and soluble sugar content under drought stress.
2 After drought stress, membrane permeability, superoxide radical production rate, production rate of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde were significantly increased; silicon processing leaves superoxide (O2.-) production rate, H_2O_2 and malondialdehyde (MDA), much lower than that of silicon processing, silicon under severe stress increased leaf ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity.Effects of silicon reduced the ascorbic acid and GSH content in leaves of longan.
3 The longan leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid content; silicon treatment increased the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid content and content;,it was beneficial to plant growth under drought stress,. Under drought stress,The silicon treatment reduced the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and increased intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci).The silicon treatment increased Pn、Tr, and reduced Ci. Silicon is conducive to the conduct of plant photosynthesis.
4 The main fluorescence parameters of Fo increased significantly, Fm, Fv, Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo were significantly decreased under severe stress.Under drought stress conditions, the increase of silicon processing Fv/Fo ratio was significantly higher than without silicon, it was concluded that PSⅡhas high potential activity with silicon,reduced the inhibitory effect of drought stress on longan.
引文
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