含锚杆钻孔线单元的3D-FSM·DDM边界元理论研究及软件开发
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摘要
岩土锚固在岩土工程领域中变得越来越重要,而锚杆加固又成为岩土工程加固的比较常见的一种手段.近年来,锚固技术及其独特的效应、简便的工艺、广泛的用途和经济的造价,在岩土加固领域中显示出越来越旺盛的生命力,但锚杆的锚固效应计算往往比较困难。目前岩土工程中数值计算主要有有限元法和边界元法。有限元法相对比较成熟,已有相应的商业软件,边界元法与有限元法相比,具有输入数据少、降低问题维数、所占计算机内存少、计算省时、计算精度高及可求解连续场点等优点;尤其对于无限域问题它是严密成立的。因此,对于大量实际问题,尤其是大区域岩土工程问题,边界元法比有限元法更具优越性。而至今为止已开发的3D-FSM·DDM间接边界元数值系统尚不具备模拟锚杆的功能,因而大大约束了该系统的应用,因此开发能模拟包含锚杆在内的3D-FSM·DDM边界元数值模拟系统是十分必要的。本文在导师及前人已研究、开发的基础上,在已有的3D-FSM·DDM边界元数值模拟系统的基础上增加锚杆功能,采用了全长粘结式支护锚杆。根据锚杆的支护特征对锚杆单元做了线单元的适当假设。推到了与锚杆接触的岩体单元对各个单元的影响系数的解析解。对锚杆单元自身求解时,分别采用了弹性力学和材料力学两种方法求得了解析解,并进行了对比。在求解锚杆轴向位移差时,采用了简单的材料力学方法,简化了计算。从理论上将锚杆单元耦合到原来的FSM数值系统中,并推到了构筑数值模拟系统的相应公式,进一步完善了三维弹性问题的3D-FSM·DDM边界元数值系统。
通过多项数值算例及地下工程实例,对上述已开发的数值系统进行了比较验证及应用,证明了该系统的可行性。研究成果可广泛应用于岩土工程,包括地下工程的数值模拟及锚固,具有较高的学术价值和广阔的应用前景。
上述3D-FSM·DDM间接边界元数值系统经开发完善后将会形成具有独立知识产权的大型三维边界元应用软件,以期对相关研究及应用做出贡献。
Geotechnical anchor in the field of geotechnical engineering is becoming increasingly important,Bolt reinforcement and geotechnical engineering has become a common measure.In recent years,bolt is commonly use in field of geotechnical engineering supporting system.Bolting system has many advantages such as special result,sinple technology and low cost.But quantification of bolt supporting effect is very difficult to confirm.FEM(Finite Element Method ) and BEM(Boundary Element Method) is two main kinds of numerical method used in field of geotechnical engineering.
Compared with the Finite Element Method(FEM),the Boundary Element Method(BEM) has many advantages,such as decreasing data input quantity,reducing the dimensions of the question,occupying the fewer computer memory,saving the time of computation,having the higher computation precision and solving continuous field point.It is established strictly to the infinite field question.So the BEM has the superiority to many actual problems,especially for the far field Rock and Soil engineering projects.
This article has consummated the elastic 3D-FSM·DDM numerical simulation system more completely based on the results which is researched and developed by the predecessors.On the basis of existing 3D-FSM system,bolting system is added,and full-length bonding bolt is adopted.According to characteristic of bolt supporting system,a hypothesis is conducted that bolt element is a simple line element.Analytic solution of influence coefficient of rock element contacting with bolt element on other elements is deduced.Methods of elastic mechanics and materal mechanics are used to solve bolt element itself,and comparison of two analytic results with each other is done.Material mechanics is also used to solve axial displacement of bolt element.Bolt element is coupling with existing FSM in theory,and corresponding calculating formulations used to form numerical simulation system are deduced.
It has been proved that the numerical simulation system is reliable and has high computing precision through the comparison and confirmation of many numerical examples and actual underground engineering.It has a strong applicability for the engineering problems, such as,the multi-medium question;the discontinuous rock-mass question;the far field initial
通过多项数值算例及地下工程实例,对上述已开发的数值系统进行了比较验证及应用,证明了该系统的可行性。研究成果可广泛应用于岩土工程,包括地下工程的数值模拟及锚固,具有较高的学术价值和广阔的应用前景。
上述3D-FSM·DDM间接边界元数值系统经开发完善后将会形成具有独立知识产权的大型三维边界元应用软件,以期对相关研究及应用做出贡献。
Geotechnical anchor in the field of geotechnical engineering is becoming increasingly important,Bolt reinforcement and geotechnical engineering has become a common measure.In recent years,bolt is commonly use in field of geotechnical engineering supporting system.Bolting system has many advantages such as special result,sinple technology and low cost.But quantification of bolt supporting effect is very difficult to confirm.FEM(Finite Element Method ) and BEM(Boundary Element Method) is two main kinds of numerical method used in field of geotechnical engineering.
Compared with the Finite Element Method(FEM),the Boundary Element Method(BEM) has many advantages,such as decreasing data input quantity,reducing the dimensions of the question,occupying the fewer computer memory,saving the time of computation,having the higher computation precision and solving continuous field point.It is established strictly to the infinite field question.So the BEM has the superiority to many actual problems,especially for the far field Rock and Soil engineering projects.
This article has consummated the elastic 3D-FSM·DDM numerical simulation system more completely based on the results which is researched and developed by the predecessors.On the basis of existing 3D-FSM system,bolting system is added,and full-length bonding bolt is adopted.According to characteristic of bolt supporting system,a hypothesis is conducted that bolt element is a simple line element.Analytic solution of influence coefficient of rock element contacting with bolt element on other elements is deduced.Methods of elastic mechanics and materal mechanics are used to solve bolt element itself,and comparison of two analytic results with each other is done.Material mechanics is also used to solve axial displacement of bolt element.Bolt element is coupling with existing FSM in theory,and corresponding calculating formulations used to form numerical simulation system are deduced.
It has been proved that the numerical simulation system is reliable and has high computing precision through the comparison and confirmation of many numerical examples and actual underground engineering.It has a strong applicability for the engineering problems, such as,the multi-medium question;the discontinuous rock-mass question;the far field initial
引文
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