现场发泡材料缓冲性能分析及包装结构优化设计
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摘要
本文将现场发泡材料用于缓冲包装,将缓冲包装动力学理论应用到缓冲包装优化设计中,并采用有限元技术模拟了现场发泡包装件的跌落过程,研究了现场发泡材料对产品的缓冲保护作用。
首先介绍了现场发泡包装的优点和成型方法,并分别采用压缩实验法、力学模型解析法和微观结构模拟法对现场发泡材料缓冲性能进行了研究。结果表明现场发泡材料具有较好的缓冲性能,随着材料发泡化学原料灌注量(以下简称PFL值)的增大,材料的内应力和吸收的能量也随之增大,PFL值较大的能够承受更大的载荷。
本文根据跌落冲击缓冲包装理论,拟定了缓冲包装设计优化方程。使用Delphi程序设计软件编辑了一套缓冲包装结构优化设计程序系统,以适应各种产品的缓冲包装设计。
为了研究不同PFL值的现场发泡材料对产品发生跌落时的缓冲保护性能的影响,本文进行了全部缓冲包装件跌落模拟。结果发现,随着材料的PFL值的增加,产品跌落达到的最大加速度和内应力减小。
最后以卫生洁具为例,使用本文缓冲包装优化系统设计了该产品的缓冲衬垫。为了验证此缓冲包装设计是否能够达到良好的缓冲效果,对采用局部包装的卫生洁具包装件分别进行了面、边、角跌落模拟。面跌落情况下地面对产品产生的冲击最大,达到的最大加速度值也最大;跌落过程中产生的动能基本被缓冲衬垫所吸收,从而减小了地面对内装产品的冲击;不同跌落方向下产品最大加速度值均低于本身脆值。
对水箱包装件的实物跌落测试证实了设计的现场发泡缓冲包装的有效性和跌落模拟的准确性。
In this paper, foam-in-place material is used for cushioning packaging, and dynamic theory of cushioning packaging is applied to optimum design of cushioning packaging. The cushioning action of protection to product is researched with the dropping process of foam-in-place package, which is aslo simulated by means of finite element method (FEM).
In the first section of this paper, the advantage and forming method of the foam-in-place packaging are introduced. Then cushioning property of this material is researched by means of compression test, mechanical analysis and microstructure-based simulation. The results show that the foam-in-place material has a good cushioning capability, and its internal stress and energy absorbed increase correspondingly with the increase of the filled percent of foamed liquid (PFL for short). The material with bigger PFL value can afford the bigger load.
Based on the theory of cushioning packaging, optimization equation of cushioning packaging design is worked out. In order to design cushioning packaging for various products, an optimum design system is developed by Delphi in this paper.
To investigate the influence of foam-in-place material with different PFL values on the cushioning efficiency while dropping, the dropping test simulation has been conducted. The results show that the maximum acceleration and the internal stress of the product decrease with the increase of PFL value.
To verify the optimum design system, a cushioning packaging is designed for protecting a vitreous-china sanitary ware, and dropping processes in every diretction are simulated by FEM. The impact and the maximum acceleration of product during surface dropping are the biggest. Kinetic energy generated during dropping is almost absorbed by the cushion, which can protect the product effectively. The maximum acceleration values of the product in different dropping direction are lower than its brittle value.
Physical drop test to the package of water tank confirmes the validity of the foam-in-place packaging, the FEM simulation on dropp test is effective also.
首先介绍了现场发泡包装的优点和成型方法,并分别采用压缩实验法、力学模型解析法和微观结构模拟法对现场发泡材料缓冲性能进行了研究。结果表明现场发泡材料具有较好的缓冲性能,随着材料发泡化学原料灌注量(以下简称PFL值)的增大,材料的内应力和吸收的能量也随之增大,PFL值较大的能够承受更大的载荷。
本文根据跌落冲击缓冲包装理论,拟定了缓冲包装设计优化方程。使用Delphi程序设计软件编辑了一套缓冲包装结构优化设计程序系统,以适应各种产品的缓冲包装设计。
为了研究不同PFL值的现场发泡材料对产品发生跌落时的缓冲保护性能的影响,本文进行了全部缓冲包装件跌落模拟。结果发现,随着材料的PFL值的增加,产品跌落达到的最大加速度和内应力减小。
最后以卫生洁具为例,使用本文缓冲包装优化系统设计了该产品的缓冲衬垫。为了验证此缓冲包装设计是否能够达到良好的缓冲效果,对采用局部包装的卫生洁具包装件分别进行了面、边、角跌落模拟。面跌落情况下地面对产品产生的冲击最大,达到的最大加速度值也最大;跌落过程中产生的动能基本被缓冲衬垫所吸收,从而减小了地面对内装产品的冲击;不同跌落方向下产品最大加速度值均低于本身脆值。
对水箱包装件的实物跌落测试证实了设计的现场发泡缓冲包装的有效性和跌落模拟的准确性。
In this paper, foam-in-place material is used for cushioning packaging, and dynamic theory of cushioning packaging is applied to optimum design of cushioning packaging. The cushioning action of protection to product is researched with the dropping process of foam-in-place package, which is aslo simulated by means of finite element method (FEM).
In the first section of this paper, the advantage and forming method of the foam-in-place packaging are introduced. Then cushioning property of this material is researched by means of compression test, mechanical analysis and microstructure-based simulation. The results show that the foam-in-place material has a good cushioning capability, and its internal stress and energy absorbed increase correspondingly with the increase of the filled percent of foamed liquid (PFL for short). The material with bigger PFL value can afford the bigger load.
Based on the theory of cushioning packaging, optimization equation of cushioning packaging design is worked out. In order to design cushioning packaging for various products, an optimum design system is developed by Delphi in this paper.
To investigate the influence of foam-in-place material with different PFL values on the cushioning efficiency while dropping, the dropping test simulation has been conducted. The results show that the maximum acceleration and the internal stress of the product decrease with the increase of PFL value.
To verify the optimum design system, a cushioning packaging is designed for protecting a vitreous-china sanitary ware, and dropping processes in every diretction are simulated by FEM. The impact and the maximum acceleration of product during surface dropping are the biggest. Kinetic energy generated during dropping is almost absorbed by the cushion, which can protect the product effectively. The maximum acceleration values of the product in different dropping direction are lower than its brittle value.
Physical drop test to the package of water tank confirmes the validity of the foam-in-place packaging, the FEM simulation on dropp test is effective also.
引文
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[23]汤伯森,向红.包装动力学.长沙:湖南大学出版社,2001。
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