小直径钢管排桩抗滑计算理论及离心模型试验研究
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摘要
小直径钢管桩一般指直径小于300mm的插入式或灌注式钢管桩。钢管顶部用联系梁相互牢固连接,形成排桩,使单桩悬臂受弯改变为整体承受弯矩,以增加排桩整体稳定性和抗弯、抗扭能力。近年来小直径钢管桩作为一种新型边坡支挡结构,在工程实践中得到越来越广泛的应用,而且取得了很好的工程效果和经济效益。尽管如此,人们对它的施工工艺、变形特性和承载能力等方面还没有充分的认识,也没有一个成熟的设计理论。设计无成熟理论研究支持,严重制约了该结构的推广、应用。通过广泛收集了国内外关于钢管桩的应用和理论计算资料,结合现场试验和离心机试验研究,归纳起来,本文主要内容和成果如下：
1.介绍了国内外钢管桩的发展历史和研究现状,分析和归纳了小直径钢管抗滑排桩的加固机理、抗滑能力(包括单桩的抗剪能力和抗弯能力)、设计方法、施工方法等,重点分析了小直径钢管抗滑排桩与一般抗滑桩的不同之处：注浆加固、排桩整体工作性能与联系梁作用等,力图对小直径钢管抗滑排桩的抗滑能力和破坏机制的理论与方法有全面深入认识,为工程实例的研究确定适合的分析理论与方法。
2.本论文根据小直径钢管排桩的受力特点,通过合理的假设和简化提出了桩-岩土体-桩的相互作用模式和作用力计算分析模型,该模型将钢管桩体系和桩间岩土体视为桩-岩土体的复合模型,考虑桩-岩土体-桩的相互作用。将排桩之间土视为薄压缩层,并以水平向弹簧模拟,可以考虑两排桩间土层分布变化、压缩性、桩间土加固等对排桩相互作用的影响,避免对前后排桩土压力分布做出人为分配。计算结果表明：该种计算分析模式是合理可行的,具有一定的推广应用价值。
4.以广巴高速现场试验为原型,运用相似原理设计和制作了小直径钢管排桩土工离心试验模型。共设计了六组离心模型试验,通过不同影响因素的组合,达到不同的设计意图。实验内容通过改变桩的排数、桩间距等影响因素研究小直径钢管排桩的抗滑机理及变形变化规律。本文的创新点在于,将离心模型试验这种实验手段引入小直径钢管排桩抗滑机理的研究中。其研究成果可以指导生产实践,具有一定的理论和实践意义。
Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile is generally inserting pile or bored bottling pile which the diameter is less than 300mm. Connecting firm the pile top with rigidity girder, it become row piles which change the singe cantilever beam bearing bending moments to a total body bearing bending moments. As a result, the row piles are provided with a better whole stability, bending moments capacity and anti-twists ability. In recent yeas,as a new type of slope supporting structure, Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile has been widely applied in slope reinforcing engineering.furthermore, good engineering and economic effects have been produced by using Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile. However, little theoretical studies have been done on the anti-sliding mechanism of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles under lateral loads. One of its construction technology, and the deformation of carrying capacity and other aspects have not yet fully understood, nor a mature theory. The phenomena that design on no theory and generally based on analogy or comparison with existing projects have become a stumbling block in promoting and application of this anti-slope structure. In view of the research situation at home and abroad , it is an urgent task to start researches on design theory of Small Diameter Steel Tubular row Pile. Collecting data on application and theory calculation of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile and combined with practice and centrifugal model test,in a word, the main contest and achievements of this paper as following:
This thesis not only introduces the historical development and present application and researching status of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles at home and aboard, but also analyzes and summarizes the mechanism of reinforcing slope, capacity of anti-slide, and design method and construction technology. And more, this thesis attaches emphases to analysis difference between Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles and traditional anti-slide pile, which include grouting reinforcing, efficiency of pile groups and rigidity girder action. Had done this work, it aims that we can obtain an in-depth study on capacity anti-slide and invalidation mechanism of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles, and as more, make suitable theory and analysis methods for engineering case.
On the basis of reasonable hypothesis and simplification, a new analytical model of Steel Tubular Pile system is proposed. the model is combining the mircropiles and the rock mass among the piles as a whole structure and The interaction between the piles and rock mass can be simulated with this model. Soil between row piles was regarded as a thin compressible layer and was simulated by a series of horizontal rings connecting the row piles ,so that the effects of the change of soil profile, compressiblility and the treatment of soil between row piles on the interaction between row piles couid be considered in the analysis with no supposition of the sharing of total soil pressure between row piles needed. The calculated results of the model shows that satisfactory result can be obtained and can be used in the similar engineering.
It designed and made the Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile centrifuge test model prototype to Guangyuan-bazhong speed road research projects. Nine groups of centrlfugal model test were designed to satisfied with distinct experimental aim through different combination of the pressure and deformation influence factors. ln this text, the new ideas lie in thinking of centrlfugal model test as the way to study the anti-sliding mechanism of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles, The study results can guide practice, with some theoretical and Practice significance.
1.介绍了国内外钢管桩的发展历史和研究现状,分析和归纳了小直径钢管抗滑排桩的加固机理、抗滑能力(包括单桩的抗剪能力和抗弯能力)、设计方法、施工方法等,重点分析了小直径钢管抗滑排桩与一般抗滑桩的不同之处：注浆加固、排桩整体工作性能与联系梁作用等,力图对小直径钢管抗滑排桩的抗滑能力和破坏机制的理论与方法有全面深入认识,为工程实例的研究确定适合的分析理论与方法。
2.本论文根据小直径钢管排桩的受力特点,通过合理的假设和简化提出了桩-岩土体-桩的相互作用模式和作用力计算分析模型,该模型将钢管桩体系和桩间岩土体视为桩-岩土体的复合模型,考虑桩-岩土体-桩的相互作用。将排桩之间土视为薄压缩层,并以水平向弹簧模拟,可以考虑两排桩间土层分布变化、压缩性、桩间土加固等对排桩相互作用的影响,避免对前后排桩土压力分布做出人为分配。计算结果表明：该种计算分析模式是合理可行的,具有一定的推广应用价值。
4.以广巴高速现场试验为原型,运用相似原理设计和制作了小直径钢管排桩土工离心试验模型。共设计了六组离心模型试验,通过不同影响因素的组合,达到不同的设计意图。实验内容通过改变桩的排数、桩间距等影响因素研究小直径钢管排桩的抗滑机理及变形变化规律。本文的创新点在于,将离心模型试验这种实验手段引入小直径钢管排桩抗滑机理的研究中。其研究成果可以指导生产实践,具有一定的理论和实践意义。
Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile is generally inserting pile or bored bottling pile which the diameter is less than 300mm. Connecting firm the pile top with rigidity girder, it become row piles which change the singe cantilever beam bearing bending moments to a total body bearing bending moments. As a result, the row piles are provided with a better whole stability, bending moments capacity and anti-twists ability. In recent yeas,as a new type of slope supporting structure, Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile has been widely applied in slope reinforcing engineering.furthermore, good engineering and economic effects have been produced by using Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile. However, little theoretical studies have been done on the anti-sliding mechanism of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles under lateral loads. One of its construction technology, and the deformation of carrying capacity and other aspects have not yet fully understood, nor a mature theory. The phenomena that design on no theory and generally based on analogy or comparison with existing projects have become a stumbling block in promoting and application of this anti-slope structure. In view of the research situation at home and abroad , it is an urgent task to start researches on design theory of Small Diameter Steel Tubular row Pile. Collecting data on application and theory calculation of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile and combined with practice and centrifugal model test,in a word, the main contest and achievements of this paper as following:
This thesis not only introduces the historical development and present application and researching status of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles at home and aboard, but also analyzes and summarizes the mechanism of reinforcing slope, capacity of anti-slide, and design method and construction technology. And more, this thesis attaches emphases to analysis difference between Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles and traditional anti-slide pile, which include grouting reinforcing, efficiency of pile groups and rigidity girder action. Had done this work, it aims that we can obtain an in-depth study on capacity anti-slide and invalidation mechanism of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles, and as more, make suitable theory and analysis methods for engineering case.
On the basis of reasonable hypothesis and simplification, a new analytical model of Steel Tubular Pile system is proposed. the model is combining the mircropiles and the rock mass among the piles as a whole structure and The interaction between the piles and rock mass can be simulated with this model. Soil between row piles was regarded as a thin compressible layer and was simulated by a series of horizontal rings connecting the row piles ,so that the effects of the change of soil profile, compressiblility and the treatment of soil between row piles on the interaction between row piles couid be considered in the analysis with no supposition of the sharing of total soil pressure between row piles needed. The calculated results of the model shows that satisfactory result can be obtained and can be used in the similar engineering.
It designed and made the Small Diameter Steel Tubular Pile centrifuge test model prototype to Guangyuan-bazhong speed road research projects. Nine groups of centrlfugal model test were designed to satisfied with distinct experimental aim through different combination of the pressure and deformation influence factors. ln this text, the new ideas lie in thinking of centrlfugal model test as the way to study the anti-sliding mechanism of Small Diameter Steel Tubular Anti-slide row Piles, The study results can guide practice, with some theoretical and Practice significance.
引文
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[2]杨涛.工程高边坡病害空间预测理论及其应用[D].西南交通大学博士学位论文.成都.2006：1-2.
[3]顾晓强.边坡稳定分析方法及其应用研究[D].上海交通大学硕士学位论文.上海.2007：2.
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