红外成像GIF引信起爆控制算法研究
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摘要
本文以红外成像制导导弹为背景,展开GIF引信起爆控制算法研究,核心问题是如何利用超近距过程中导引头获取的跟踪测量信息实现起爆控制。常规成像跟踪算法失控时对应的弹目距离过大将导致起爆控制精度不理想,近距跟踪测量是GIF起爆控制算法实现精确炸点控制的重要途径。本文主要基于超近距局部图像跟踪基础上,推导了一种通用的GIF起爆算法,并通过拟合算法、被动测距来改善起爆算法精度和稳定性。论文主要研究内容包括如下几个方面：
1)推导了一种通用意义上的GIF起爆控制算法,并从实现的角度讨论了基于红外成像导引头GIF引信起爆控制所需信息的获取途径。
2)基于局部跟踪原理对实现超近距局跟踪方法进行了简要讨论,并定量分析了导引头跟踪能力与超近距跟踪盲区之间的关系。
3)提出了测量信息q的二次多项式拟合处理及起爆参数估计有效性判别方法。其较KALMAN滤波和α-β-γ,滤波在精度和稳定性方面有明显提高。
4)提出了基于目标特征线度的红外成像导引头被动测距方法,用于改善GIF算法的炸点控制精度。
5)开发了红外成像GIF算法性能分析的仿真软件,给出了不同交会条件和测量误差情况下炸点延时和方位的估计误差仿真结果。
The Guidance Integrated Fuzing(GIF)technology was investigated based on imaging infrared guidance missile in this dissertation. The core problem of imaging infrared GIF technology is realize burst control through utilizing the measurement information of seeker during ultra-short distance tracking.
In the research of burst control technology based on infrared imaging seeker information utility, the precision of burst control is not satisfactory because of the very large blind area of seeker, the acquisition of measurement information is an important factor for improve the precision of GIF fuze burst control algorithm. A general GIF fuze burst control algorithm was derived on the base of ultra-short distance partial image tracking, the curve fitting and passive ranging methods were used to improve the precision and stability of GIF algorithm. The main research contents of the dissertation are described as follows:
1)A general GIF fuze burst control algorithm was derived, the acquisition approach of measurement information of seeker were discussed based on algorithm realization.
2) The realization of ultra-short distance tracking method was briefly discussed based on partial image tracking and the relation between tracking ability and blind area of imaging infrared seeker was quantitative analysis.
3)The method of polynomial fitting for measurement information and the discrimination of burst control parameters validity were proposed, the precision and stability were better than KALMAN and a-β-y filtering algorithms.
4) The passive ranging method of imaging infrared seeker based on the dimension features of target was proposed, the method can improve the presicion of burst control.
5)The simulation software for imaging infrared GIF algorithm was developed, and the simulation results about burst delay/miss azimuth error estimation during various encounter conditions were proposed.
1)推导了一种通用意义上的GIF起爆控制算法,并从实现的角度讨论了基于红外成像导引头GIF引信起爆控制所需信息的获取途径。
2)基于局部跟踪原理对实现超近距局跟踪方法进行了简要讨论,并定量分析了导引头跟踪能力与超近距跟踪盲区之间的关系。
3)提出了测量信息q的二次多项式拟合处理及起爆参数估计有效性判别方法。其较KALMAN滤波和α-β-γ,滤波在精度和稳定性方面有明显提高。
4)提出了基于目标特征线度的红外成像导引头被动测距方法,用于改善GIF算法的炸点控制精度。
5)开发了红外成像GIF算法性能分析的仿真软件,给出了不同交会条件和测量误差情况下炸点延时和方位的估计误差仿真结果。
The Guidance Integrated Fuzing(GIF)technology was investigated based on imaging infrared guidance missile in this dissertation. The core problem of imaging infrared GIF technology is realize burst control through utilizing the measurement information of seeker during ultra-short distance tracking.
In the research of burst control technology based on infrared imaging seeker information utility, the precision of burst control is not satisfactory because of the very large blind area of seeker, the acquisition of measurement information is an important factor for improve the precision of GIF fuze burst control algorithm. A general GIF fuze burst control algorithm was derived on the base of ultra-short distance partial image tracking, the curve fitting and passive ranging methods were used to improve the precision and stability of GIF algorithm. The main research contents of the dissertation are described as follows:
1)A general GIF fuze burst control algorithm was derived, the acquisition approach of measurement information of seeker were discussed based on algorithm realization.
2) The realization of ultra-short distance tracking method was briefly discussed based on partial image tracking and the relation between tracking ability and blind area of imaging infrared seeker was quantitative analysis.
3)The method of polynomial fitting for measurement information and the discrimination of burst control parameters validity were proposed, the precision and stability were better than KALMAN and a-β-y filtering algorithms.
4) The passive ranging method of imaging infrared seeker based on the dimension features of target was proposed, the method can improve the presicion of burst control.
5)The simulation software for imaging infrared GIF algorithm was developed, and the simulation results about burst delay/miss azimuth error estimation during various encounter conditions were proposed.
引文
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[3]李立坤.精确制导技术现状及发展方向[J].航空兵器.2004,(1)：1-4
[4]Bruce B.Glasgow, William A. Bell.The future of anti-aircraft imaging infrared seeker missile threats [J].IEEE Aerospace Applications Conference Proceedings.4 Mar 6-Mar 13 1999:457-465
[5]William A. Bell.Bruce B.Glasgow. On the Next generation of imaging infrared seekers for anti-aircraft missiles [J].Part of the SPIE Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing IX.Orlando, Florida.1998,3377:220-230
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[7]刘斌,涂建平,庄志洪.红外成像GIF引信起爆控制算法研究.探测与控制学报,2005,27(5)：23～25
[8]王宏波,何红军,庄志洪,赵惠昌.红外成像GIF引信图像序列分割算法.激光与红外,2008,38(4)：379～382
[9]曾宪林.红外成像导引头及其成像制导武器述评[J].航天电子对抗.2004,(5)：45-58
[10]蒋耀庭,潘丽娜,罗家忠,张金春,罗健全.军用红外探测器及制导武器的发展现状[J].航空兵器.1999,(2)：38-41
[11]王秀萍,宋振峰.R-73可能增加瞄准点选择技术[J].航空兵器.2003,(4)：44
[12]Missile Fuzing System. USP5696347,1997
[13]Mr.Milton E.(Gene) Henderson.Jr.etc..GIF Perfomance and Implementation Issues in Air Defense Missions.March 29,2000 44th NDIA
[14]Mark Engel,eith Lewis,Howie Wendt. GIF Guidance Integrated Fuze.NDIA 47th Fuze Conference
[15]涂建平.空空导弹红外成像引信技术研究.清华大学博士论文,2003
[16]Janes Missiles & Rockets.2001
[17]范丽京译.温贝尔设计局空空导弹研制动态.Aviation Week & Space Technology, 2001：10～23
[18]马少林,李瀛.国外红外型空空导弹近期发展的回顾与分析.航空兵器,1996,(6)：31～33
[19]李庭忠译.空对空导弹的发展趋势.国防科技参考,1995,16(4)：36～41
[20]姚敏.基于融合的红外图像预处理技术.电光与控制,2008,15(7)：52～54
[21]王 炎,郑 链,王克勇.用于成像引信图像识别的局部特征提取技术[J].红外技术.2001,23(5)：20-23
[22]张军译.英美合作开发新的导弹战斗部系统[J].航空兵器.1997,(1)：28
[23]Lewis P. Raytheon to lead four-year missile warhead quest [J].Flight International, 2000,11:21-27
[24]姚怀义译.南非空空导弹项目进展顺利[J].IDR.1997.1.Vol.30
[25]Paul Zarchan. Tactical and Strategic Missle Guidance(Second Edition).American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.,Vol.157,1994.4:Chapter 7
[26]庄志洪.反弹道导弹引信截获目标能力研究.兵工学报,Vol.24,No.3,2003(3)：323-325.
[27]庄志洪.Predication of time to go during missile-target encounter.宇航学报,2002.9,23(5)：32-27
[28]刘剑锋.反弹道导弹引信起爆控制模型研究.南京理工大学博士论文,2005
[29]张天序,程杰,林凯,桑农.舰船目标长波红外图像命中点识别研究[J].红外与激光工程.2000,29(1)：13-16
[30]涂建平,彭应宁,庄志洪.弹道终端飞机目标红外图像瞄准点识别方法[J].光学技术.2003,29(3)：261-265
[31]Cloutier, J.R.,Evers, J.H.,Feeley, J.J. Assessment of air-to-air missile guidance and control technology [J].Proceedings of the American Control Conference, AZ, USA.1988,88: 133-142
[32]James R. Cloutier, Johnny H.Evers, Joseph J. Feeley. Assessment of air-to-air missile guidance and control technology [J].IEEE Control Systems Magazine. Oct.1989:27-34
[33]’洪 流.导引头图像信息分析及在引信中的应用[J].制导与引信.2002,23(3)：18-24
[34]吴晗平,易新建.现阶段末制导红外成像跟踪系统性能提高的技术途径[J].应用光学.2003,24(4)：20-22
[35]周宏仁等.机动目标跟踪.北京：国防工业出版社,1991(第一版)
[36]Konrad Reif, etc.The Extended Kalman Filter as an Exponential Observer for Nonlinear Systems.IEEE Trans.SP.,Vol.47, No.8,1999(8):2324～2328
[37]Elsa Cortina, etc.Maneuvering Target Tracking Using Extended Kalman Filter. IEEE Trans. on AES.,Vol.27,No.1,1991(1):155～158
[38]Don Lerro, Yaakov Bar-Shalom. Tracking With Debiased Consistent Converted Measurements versus EKF. IEEE Trans. on AES.,Vol.29,No.3,1993(7):1015～1023
[39]I.H. Whang, T. Sung, J. G. Lee. Stability of a decoupled tracking filter with pseudo measurements in line-of-sight Cartesian co-ordinate system. IEE Proceedings of radar, Vol.141 No.1 1994(2):2～8
[40]Take L. Song, Jo Young Ahn, Chanbin Park.Suboptimal Filter Design with Pseudo measurements for Target Tracking. IEEE Trans.on AES.,Vol.24, No.1 1988(1):28～39
[41]Yoshio Kosuge, etc.A Stability condition and steady state errors of an α-β-γ filter for radar tracking. SCIE,2000:7-13
[42]Dirk Tenne, Tarunraj Singh. Analysis of α-β-γ filter. Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE, International Conference on Control Applications,1999.8:22～27
[43]Robert E.Lefferts.Alpha-Beta Filters in Polar Coordinates with Acceleration Corrections. IEEE Trans.on AES.,Vol.24,No.6,1988(11):693～699
[44]Ceugiz C.Arcasoy. Analytical Solution of α-β-γ filter Colored Noise Tracking Filter with a Noisy Jerk as Correlated Target Maneuver Model.Proceedings of the American Control Conference,1997(6):858～860
[45]B.Ekstrand. Poles and Zeros of a-β and a-β-y Tracking Filters. IEE Proc.of Control Theory Applications, Vol.148,No.5,2001(9):370～376
[46]敬喜.卡尔曼滤波器及其应用基础.国防工业出版社,1973.6
[47]王学伟.IRST被动定位研究.澈光与红外,2001,31(6)：362～373
[48]付小宁.IRST系统的综合性被动测距算法研究.红外技术.2005,27(4)：279-283
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