钢管涂油机关键部件的研制
|
摘要
钢管管道运输是当今五大运输方式之一,它已成为石油和天然气的主要运输工具。套管和油管统称油井管,套管是支撑油气井井壁的钢管,主要分为表层套管、技术套管和油层套管；油管是油气井打好固井之后,在油层套管中设置的,让油气从此涌至地面的专用无缝管。基于钢管管道存在耐腐蚀性差的缺点,国内各大钢管厂为了提高钢管的使用寿命并满足其产品达到出口要求,钢管出厂前最后一道工艺就是对其外表面进行防腐油漆(大多为6#,10#油漆)高压无气式喷涂。机械产品的油漆是机械生产中不可缺少的重要工序,它既是保护产品免遭腐蚀的重要方法,又是装饰美化产品,增强产品外观的一种重要手段。油漆设备在油漆工作中占有重要地位,油漆设备的好坏,将直接影响产品的涂层质量、工作条件、涂料的利用、能源的节约和环境的保护等方面。钢管外表面自动喷涂,钢管涂前涂后纵向输送机、步进、横向输送机及烘干生产线,能够长时间连续运行,更短的生产节拍,节省涂料消耗,更大的工作覆盖范围,操作安全可靠。拟研制的钢管涂油机设备分为主机和辅机两部分,主机包括：涂料补充储存输送、加热、保温循环及其电伴热保温、移动可升降喷涂箱及喷枪组、涂料回收、排风及废气治理(除漆雾、吸附、消音及风道)；辅机包括：从轧钢机出来的钢管的纵向输送、步进机构、横向输送和烘干,最后出料。电控系统采用PLC控制。钢管出口要经过美国石油协会API认证(API 5CT和API 5L),本文研究的钢管涂油机生产线就是钢管厂取得美国石油协会API认证的必要条件之一。涂油机主机采用高压无气喷涂设计,在形式多样的喷涂方法中,高压无气式喷涂是目前国内为较先进的涂装技术,它是利用特殊形式的气动、电动或其他动力驱动涂料泵,将涂料增至高压,通过狭窄的喷嘴出后,涂料剧烈膨胀,使涂料形成极细的扇行雾状、雾流,高速喷向工件表面,从而形成涂层的涂装方法。高压无气喷涂,由于涂料的压力高,且涂料中没有空气,使传统空气喷涂中的不足得以克服,从而提高了喷涂质量,降低了成本,而且减少了污染,改善了工人的劳动环境。
Steel pipeline transportation is one of the five typical methods today. It becomes the main means of transportation of oil and natural gas. Collectively referred to OCTG as casing and tubing pipe, oil and gas well casing is a supporting wall of the pipe, and can be divided into surface casing. The casing and production casing technology; tubing cementing oil and gas wells, after playing in the reservoir casing set, let the influx of oil and gas from the ground, exclusive seamless pipe. Corrosion resistance of steel channel, based on the shortcomings of poor domestic large steel plants in order to improve the service life of steel pipes and to meet its products meet export requirements, a process pipe factory is the last of its outer surface anti-fouling paints (mostly 6 #,10 # paint)-type high-pressure airless spray. Mechanical products mechanical production of the paint is an important and indispensable process, both to protect the product against corrosion important method, but also decorative landscaping products, enhance the appearance of the product is an important tool. Paint equipment painting occupies an important position, paint equipment, good or bad, will directly affect the product coating quality, working conditions, the use of paint, energy saving and environmental protection and so on. Automatic spraying of the outer surface of steel pipe, steel pipe coating before the coating after the vertical conveyor, stepping, horizontal conveyor and drying production line, can be a long time continuous operation, shorter time cost, saving paint consumption, greater range of work, and operated safely and reliably. Pipe to be developed Oiler host and auxiliary equipment is divided into two parts, the host, including: coatings to add storage transportation, heating, insulation and electrical heat tracing loop insulation, boxes and moving rise-fall spray gun group, paint recycling, air and exhaust gas treatment (except paint mist, adsorption, silencers and wind Road); auxiliary include:from the rolling mill out of the vertical pipe conveying, stepping mechanism, horizontal transfer and drying, the final discharge. Electric control system adopts PLC control. Steel exports to go through the American Petroleum Institute API Certification (API 5CT and API 5L), the study of this topic Oiler Pipe Production Line Steel Pipe Factory is the American Petroleum Institute API to obtain the necessary condition for certification. Oiler mainframe using high-pressure airless spray design, in the form of a variety of spraying methods, high-pressure airless type spray is currently home to more advanced coating technology, which is the use of a special form of pneumatic, electric or other power-driven paint pump, will paint to high-pressure, through a narrow nozzle out, the dramatic expansion of paint, so paint the formation of very fine line of mist fan, fog flow, high-speed, wherein the workpiece surface to form the coating method of coating. Airless spray, due to the high pressure of paint, and paint there is no air, so that in less than conventional air spray can be overcome, resulting in improved coating quality, lower cost, but also reduce pollution and improve the working environment for workers.
Steel pipeline transportation is one of the five typical methods today. It becomes the main means of transportation of oil and natural gas. Collectively referred to OCTG as casing and tubing pipe, oil and gas well casing is a supporting wall of the pipe, and can be divided into surface casing. The casing and production casing technology; tubing cementing oil and gas wells, after playing in the reservoir casing set, let the influx of oil and gas from the ground, exclusive seamless pipe. Corrosion resistance of steel channel, based on the shortcomings of poor domestic large steel plants in order to improve the service life of steel pipes and to meet its products meet export requirements, a process pipe factory is the last of its outer surface anti-fouling paints (mostly 6 #,10 # paint)-type high-pressure airless spray. Mechanical products mechanical production of the paint is an important and indispensable process, both to protect the product against corrosion important method, but also decorative landscaping products, enhance the appearance of the product is an important tool. Paint equipment painting occupies an important position, paint equipment, good or bad, will directly affect the product coating quality, working conditions, the use of paint, energy saving and environmental protection and so on. Automatic spraying of the outer surface of steel pipe, steel pipe coating before the coating after the vertical conveyor, stepping, horizontal conveyor and drying production line, can be a long time continuous operation, shorter time cost, saving paint consumption, greater range of work, and operated safely and reliably. Pipe to be developed Oiler host and auxiliary equipment is divided into two parts, the host, including: coatings to add storage transportation, heating, insulation and electrical heat tracing loop insulation, boxes and moving rise-fall spray gun group, paint recycling, air and exhaust gas treatment (except paint mist, adsorption, silencers and wind Road); auxiliary include:from the rolling mill out of the vertical pipe conveying, stepping mechanism, horizontal transfer and drying, the final discharge. Electric control system adopts PLC control. Steel exports to go through the American Petroleum Institute API Certification (API 5CT and API 5L), the study of this topic Oiler Pipe Production Line Steel Pipe Factory is the American Petroleum Institute API to obtain the necessary condition for certification. Oiler mainframe using high-pressure airless spray design, in the form of a variety of spraying methods, high-pressure airless type spray is currently home to more advanced coating technology, which is the use of a special form of pneumatic, electric or other power-driven paint pump, will paint to high-pressure, through a narrow nozzle out, the dramatic expansion of paint, so paint the formation of very fine line of mist fan, fog flow, high-speed, wherein the workpiece surface to form the coating method of coating. Airless spray, due to the high pressure of paint, and paint there is no air, so that in less than conventional air spray can be overcome, resulting in improved coating quality, lower cost, but also reduce pollution and improve the working environment for workers.
引文
[1]机械工业部第四设计研究院.油漆车间设备设计.机械工业出版社.1985。
[2]肖永力.斯惠顿杠杆的研究[J].重型机械,1995,1981(1)：19～21。
[3]陶维瑛.包钢科技.第27卷第2期,2001：59～61。
[4]李红生，王文丽.高压无气喷涂设备的应用.第27卷第2期，1994-2007：51～52。
[5]王泳厚,刘杏慈编著[M].涂料防腐蚀技术300问[M].北京：金盾出版社,1995。
[6]国家机械工业委员会统编[M].初级涂装工艺学[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1998。
[7]马庆林主编[M].涂装工业(第六分册)[M].北京：化学工业出版社,1996。
[8]沈国梁、吕莉华.高压无气喷涂机的使用和保养.上海涂料.第44卷第6期,2006.6：27～29。
[9]Mike Sebion:Understanding Tip Wear Will Save Time, Money & Produce Better Job Results, JPCL, 2005(6):20.
[10]Jeffrey Wold:Maintenance of Standard Airless Pumps, JPCL, 2006(1):59.
[11]Frank W. G. Palmer:Application of Industrial Coatings. Good Painting Practice, Fourth Edition, SSPC.
[12]许伟,成健全,张秀军.高效、高速钢管防腐喷涂加热技术.机械工人(热加工),第7期,2003：14～15。
[13]姚晴洲.变频器在自动喷涂设备中的应用.机电工程,第23卷第12期,2006,12：31～32,36。
[14]王君艳.交流调速[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2003。
[15]倪远平.现代低压电器及其控制技术[M].重庆：重庆大学出版社,2003。
[16]邱阿瑞.电机与拖动基础[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2002。
[17]刘锡妹.钢管精整生产线V型辊道的安全防护装置.设备改造,1994-2006：46。
[18]沈永松.链板2链条输送机的设计及推广应用.轻工机械,第24卷第1期,2006年3月：129～130。
[19]成大先.机械设计手册[K].北京：化学工业出版社,2004。
[20]骆涵秀,李世伦.机电控制[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,2000。
[21]廖林清,王化培,石晓辉,杨翔宇,曹建国,邓国红.机械设计方法学.重庆：重庆大学出版社,2003。
[22]陈立周.机械优化设计方法.北京：冶金工业出版社,2003。
[23]陈志新,宗学军.电器与PLC控制技术.北京：北京大学出版社中国林业出版社,2006。
[24]盛兆顺,尹琦岭.设备状态监测与故障诊断技术及应用.北京：化学工业出版社,2003。
[25]原魁,刘伟强,邹伟,朱海兵.变频器基础及应用.北京：冶金工业出版社,2005。
[2]肖永力.斯惠顿杠杆的研究[J].重型机械,1995,1981(1)：19～21。
[3]陶维瑛.包钢科技.第27卷第2期,2001：59～61。
[4]李红生，王文丽.高压无气喷涂设备的应用.第27卷第2期，1994-2007：51～52。
[5]王泳厚,刘杏慈编著[M].涂料防腐蚀技术300问[M].北京：金盾出版社,1995。
[6]国家机械工业委员会统编[M].初级涂装工艺学[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1998。
[7]马庆林主编[M].涂装工业(第六分册)[M].北京：化学工业出版社,1996。
[8]沈国梁、吕莉华.高压无气喷涂机的使用和保养.上海涂料.第44卷第6期,2006.6：27～29。
[9]Mike Sebion:Understanding Tip Wear Will Save Time, Money & Produce Better Job Results, JPCL, 2005(6):20.
[10]Jeffrey Wold:Maintenance of Standard Airless Pumps, JPCL, 2006(1):59.
[11]Frank W. G. Palmer:Application of Industrial Coatings. Good Painting Practice, Fourth Edition, SSPC.
[12]许伟,成健全,张秀军.高效、高速钢管防腐喷涂加热技术.机械工人(热加工),第7期,2003：14～15。
[13]姚晴洲.变频器在自动喷涂设备中的应用.机电工程,第23卷第12期,2006,12：31～32,36。
[14]王君艳.交流调速[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2003。
[15]倪远平.现代低压电器及其控制技术[M].重庆：重庆大学出版社,2003。
[16]邱阿瑞.电机与拖动基础[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2002。
[17]刘锡妹.钢管精整生产线V型辊道的安全防护装置.设备改造,1994-2006：46。
[18]沈永松.链板2链条输送机的设计及推广应用.轻工机械,第24卷第1期,2006年3月：129～130。
[19]成大先.机械设计手册[K].北京：化学工业出版社,2004。
[20]骆涵秀,李世伦.机电控制[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,2000。
[21]廖林清,王化培,石晓辉,杨翔宇,曹建国,邓国红.机械设计方法学.重庆：重庆大学出版社,2003。
[22]陈立周.机械优化设计方法.北京：冶金工业出版社,2003。
[23]陈志新,宗学军.电器与PLC控制技术.北京：北京大学出版社中国林业出版社,2006。
[24]盛兆顺,尹琦岭.设备状态监测与故障诊断技术及应用.北京：化学工业出版社,2003。
[25]原魁,刘伟强,邹伟,朱海兵.变频器基础及应用.北京：冶金工业出版社,2005。
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |