动静组合载荷作用下切削破岩的力学特性及实验研究
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摘要
岩石切削是一个复杂的动力学过程,表现出较强的非线性特征。自上世纪六十年代以来岩石力学界的学者们对岩石破碎开展了深入的研究,取得了丰硕的成果。然而,过去的理论和实验研究主要集中在单一静载或冲击载荷下岩石破碎特征及其相应的最优加载形式上,针对动静组合载荷作用下的切削破岩研究则更少,本文正是基于上述问题对动静组合载荷作用下切削破岩进行了力学分析和实验研究。
借鉴单一静载荷或冲击破岩试验的研究成果,分析了静压切削和冲击切削过程,建立了切削力学模型;确定了动静组合载荷切削破岩实验方案和实验参数。在多功能实验装置上对岩石进行了静压切削、冲击切削和动静组合载荷作用下切削破岩实验,并对切削力信号进行采样和处理。
为了研究动静载荷参数的变化对切削破岩效果的影响,应用了混沌理论对岩石切削过程进行了计算分析。通过利用功率谱、相空间重构、关联维数、最大Lyapunov指数等分析技术探讨了混沌发生的切削条件。其结果表明,切削破岩是一种不规则、非周期的混沌现象。关联维数就是岩石破碎机理改变的一个灵敏度量,可以有效的识别切削力在动静组合载荷作用下发挥作用的程度。
理论分析与实验结果的结论表明:静压切削或冲击切削的破岩深度、切削力随WOB的增加均随之增加。冲击切削与静压切削相比,不仅可以增大切削深度,而且可以大量降低切削力。动静组合载荷作用下切削破岩效果比单一的静载或动载具有明显的优势,这一初步的研究成果对于丰富和发展岩石破碎学理论,开发研制新型钻采设备具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。
Rock cutting process is complex dynamic process and shows stronger nonlinear characteristics. Since the 1960s Many scholars have been engaged in research on rock framentation deeply and obtained great results. However, the questions on hard rock fragmentation under dynamic-static combined loads with many fracturing patterns are still not solved. Thereby the theoretical analysis and experimental research on rock fragmentation under coupling static and dynamic loads are primarily set forward.
The testing parameters and schedules under coupling static and dynamic loads are determined, the fragmentation courses of rock experiencing vertical static pressure and horizontal cutting force, or vertical impacting and cutting force are analyzed, and the cutting models are established. The rock fragmentation under uni-static, uni-dynamic loads and coupling static and dynamic loads were experimented in the multifunctional device. Secondly signals of rock cutting were grinding and handled.
In order to study the cutting rock-breaking effect of the changes on static and dynamic load parameter. The theory of chaos on the rock cutting process has been calculated and analyzed in this paper. the following analysis technique such as power spectrum analysis, phase space reconstruction, correlation dimension, the largest Lyapunov exponent are used to research the grinding conditions in which chaos apper were discussed. The results show that, Cutting is a rock-breaking irregular non-cyclical phenomenon Chaos. The fractal dimension is a sensitive measure of the mechanism of rock breaking. Recognition can be effective in cutting force under static and dynamic load combination of the extent of the role.
Theoretical analysis and experimental results showed that, the depth of vertical . cutting or cutting force with the increase in both WOB increases. Impact cutting and cutting compared, not only can increase depth of cut, but can also reduce the large number of cutting force. Fragmentation effects of rock under coupling dynamic and static loads have more obvious advantages than that of uni-impacting or uni-static pressure. This preliminary research result of this paper has theoretical significance of enriching rock fragmentation theory and engineering application values for developing a new drilling and mining machine.
借鉴单一静载荷或冲击破岩试验的研究成果,分析了静压切削和冲击切削过程,建立了切削力学模型;确定了动静组合载荷切削破岩实验方案和实验参数。在多功能实验装置上对岩石进行了静压切削、冲击切削和动静组合载荷作用下切削破岩实验,并对切削力信号进行采样和处理。
为了研究动静载荷参数的变化对切削破岩效果的影响,应用了混沌理论对岩石切削过程进行了计算分析。通过利用功率谱、相空间重构、关联维数、最大Lyapunov指数等分析技术探讨了混沌发生的切削条件。其结果表明,切削破岩是一种不规则、非周期的混沌现象。关联维数就是岩石破碎机理改变的一个灵敏度量,可以有效的识别切削力在动静组合载荷作用下发挥作用的程度。
理论分析与实验结果的结论表明:静压切削或冲击切削的破岩深度、切削力随WOB的增加均随之增加。冲击切削与静压切削相比,不仅可以增大切削深度,而且可以大量降低切削力。动静组合载荷作用下切削破岩效果比单一的静载或动载具有明显的优势,这一初步的研究成果对于丰富和发展岩石破碎学理论,开发研制新型钻采设备具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。
Rock cutting process is complex dynamic process and shows stronger nonlinear characteristics. Since the 1960s Many scholars have been engaged in research on rock framentation deeply and obtained great results. However, the questions on hard rock fragmentation under dynamic-static combined loads with many fracturing patterns are still not solved. Thereby the theoretical analysis and experimental research on rock fragmentation under coupling static and dynamic loads are primarily set forward.
The testing parameters and schedules under coupling static and dynamic loads are determined, the fragmentation courses of rock experiencing vertical static pressure and horizontal cutting force, or vertical impacting and cutting force are analyzed, and the cutting models are established. The rock fragmentation under uni-static, uni-dynamic loads and coupling static and dynamic loads were experimented in the multifunctional device. Secondly signals of rock cutting were grinding and handled.
In order to study the cutting rock-breaking effect of the changes on static and dynamic load parameter. The theory of chaos on the rock cutting process has been calculated and analyzed in this paper. the following analysis technique such as power spectrum analysis, phase space reconstruction, correlation dimension, the largest Lyapunov exponent are used to research the grinding conditions in which chaos apper were discussed. The results show that, Cutting is a rock-breaking irregular non-cyclical phenomenon Chaos. The fractal dimension is a sensitive measure of the mechanism of rock breaking. Recognition can be effective in cutting force under static and dynamic load combination of the extent of the role.
Theoretical analysis and experimental results showed that, the depth of vertical . cutting or cutting force with the increase in both WOB increases. Impact cutting and cutting compared, not only can increase depth of cut, but can also reduce the large number of cutting force. Fragmentation effects of rock under coupling dynamic and static loads have more obvious advantages than that of uni-impacting or uni-static pressure. This preliminary research result of this paper has theoretical significance of enriching rock fragmentation theory and engineering application values for developing a new drilling and mining machine.
引文
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