半枝莲、白花蛇舌草及其药对提取物抗氧化及清除自由基活性研究
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摘要
半枝莲,为唇形科植物半枝莲Scutellaria barbata D.Don的干燥全草,现代临床用于治疗癌症、肝炎等病,疗效确切。白花蛇舌草为茜草科一年生草本植物白花蛇舌草Hedyotis(Oldenlandia)diffusa(Willd.)Roxb.的全草,现代临床内服多用于治疗恶性肿瘤、炎症等疾病,疗效显著。二者在长期的临床实践中常以药对的形式用于临床癌症治疗,疗效确切,提示半枝莲和白花蛇舌草药对可能含有较强的抗癌活性新成分和/或新组分。
第一章简单介绍了药对在中药现代化研究中的重要作用及由药对入手研究中药方剂配伍规律的可行性;并对半枝莲及白花蛇舌草两种临床常用中药材化学成分、抗肿瘤机理及临床应用的研究现状及进展进行了综述。
第二章主要介绍了半枝莲、白花蛇舌草及其药对粗提物的制备以及药对有机相提取部位组分化方法并建立了组分的化学指纹图谱库,为各种生物活性的筛选提供了大量的组分及信息资源;并测定了各提取物浸膏得率及总酚、总黄酮含量。
第三章采用四种化学模型研究了半枝莲、白花蛇舌草及其药对提取物抗氧化及清除自由基活性。半枝莲、白花蛇舌草及其药对不同溶剂提取物黄酮组成及含量存在一定差异,与之相应三种提取物抗氧化及清除自由基能力之间亦存在着较大差异,表明提取物抗氧化活性与其黄酮组成及含量有一定相关性。
第四章比较了两种单药材及其药对混合有机溶剂提取物的抗氧化及清除自由基活性的差异,探讨药对组方对提取物活性物质含量、组成及生物活性的影响,并对药对的抗癌作用机理进行初步推测。药对组方后其还原能力、清除DPPH及·OH自由基能力均未出现显著增强,而其螯合Fe~(2+)能力以及保护DNA免受自由基损伤能力出现较显著的增强,提示其抗癌作用机制可能与其对过渡金属离子的螯合作用以及对DNA损伤的保护作用有关,而与其还原性、清除DPPH以及清除·OH自由基能力相关性不大。
第五章采用统计学方法研究了半枝莲、白花蛇舌草及其药对各提取物抗氧化活性与总酚及总黄酮含量之间的相关性。采用UV,LC-MS,MS/MS对半枝莲三种提取物各组分结构进行鉴定表征,并进一步探讨其抗氧化活性与特定结构的黄酮组分之间的相关性。结果表明提取物还原能力及清除DPPH、·OH自由基能力均与其总黄酮含量,特别是木犀草素含量有较显著的相关性,与其总酚含量及芹菜素含量亦有一定的相关性,而其对Fe~(2+)的螯合能力则可能与黄芩素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷及黄芩苷组分的存在与否有一定关系。
Scutellaria barbata D.Don is a wild perennial plant endemic to southern China, which has been widely used for medicinal purposes,such as inflammation,hepatitis, osteomyelitis,gynecological,lung,and rectal tumors in traditional Chinese medicine. On the other hand,Oldenlandia diffusa(Willd.) Roxb.(Syn.Hedyotis diffusa Willd.) is a wellknown folk medicine in Southern China and has been used for the treatment of hepatitis,tonsillitis,sore throat,appendicitis,urethral infection and malignant tumors of the liver,lung and stomach.Fresh or dried Hedyotis diffusa Willd leaves are used to make an aromatic tea or as a tonic or health drink by the local inhabitants. These two plants have been frequently used together,named 'Herb Pair' in traditional Chinese medicine,to achieve mutual enhancement or mutual assistance for the treatment of cancer and tumor in the clinical practice.It is indicated that the Herb Pair of these two plants may contain some new chemical components that result in the enhancement of antitumor activities.
In the first chapter,the progress in the study of medicinal herbs differentiate, chemical elements,pharmacology effect and clinical application of Scutellaria barbata D.Don,Hedyotis diffusa Willd and their Herb Pair in recent years was summarized Herb,to provide a reference for further studies in these fields.By examining the change in activity after compatibility,the role of the components could be explained in whole prescription.This attempt would he helpful for the research on the drug combination theory and the interaction between components in traditional Chinese prescription.
In the second chapter,Aqueous,hydroalcoholic and organic extracts of Scutellaria barbata D.Don,Hedyotis diffusa Willd and their Herb Pair were prepared. Multi-components library of organic extracts from Herb Pair was constructed.Extract yield,total phenolics and total flavonoids content in the aqueous,hydroalcoholic and organic extracts were also determined.Results showed that organic reagent can enrich phenolic and flavonoid compounds more effectively.
In the third chapter,the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Aqueous,hydroalcoholic and organic extracts of Scutellaria barbata D.Don,Hedyotis diffusa Willd and their Herb Pair were evaluated.The results showed that the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of extracts was significantly related to the total content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds.
In the fourth chapter,the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of organic extracts from Scutellaria barbata D.Don,Hedyotis diffusa Willd and their Herb Pair were contrasted.The reducing power,DPPH and hydroxyl radicals scavenging of Scutellaria barbata extract were much stronger than those of other tested extracts;The chelating activity of the Herb Pair extract on ferrous iron and protecting effect on DNA damage caused by hydroxyl radicals were the strongest. The anticancer mechanism of their combination may be associated with its chelating activity on ferrous iron and protecting effect on DNA damage caused by hydroxyl radicals.
In the fifth chapter,the structures of flavonoids in aqueous,hydroalcoholic and organic extracts of Scutellaria barbata D.Don were elucidated by UV,LC-MS, MS/MS.The coefficients of correlations were calculated between antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities and contents of phenolic,flavonoid compounds of extracts.The results showed that the reducing power,DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of extracts was statistically correlated with their contents of total phenolic,total flavonoid compounds and especially with the content of Luteolin and Apigenin.Correlation between ferrous ion-chelating efficacy and total phenolics and flavonoids contents of all samples in this study was moderate to lower,but significant. The containing of Scutellarein-7-O-β-D-glucuronide and Baicalin may be with relation to the ferrous ion-chelating efficacy of extracts.
第一章简单介绍了药对在中药现代化研究中的重要作用及由药对入手研究中药方剂配伍规律的可行性;并对半枝莲及白花蛇舌草两种临床常用中药材化学成分、抗肿瘤机理及临床应用的研究现状及进展进行了综述。
第二章主要介绍了半枝莲、白花蛇舌草及其药对粗提物的制备以及药对有机相提取部位组分化方法并建立了组分的化学指纹图谱库,为各种生物活性的筛选提供了大量的组分及信息资源;并测定了各提取物浸膏得率及总酚、总黄酮含量。
第三章采用四种化学模型研究了半枝莲、白花蛇舌草及其药对提取物抗氧化及清除自由基活性。半枝莲、白花蛇舌草及其药对不同溶剂提取物黄酮组成及含量存在一定差异,与之相应三种提取物抗氧化及清除自由基能力之间亦存在着较大差异,表明提取物抗氧化活性与其黄酮组成及含量有一定相关性。
第四章比较了两种单药材及其药对混合有机溶剂提取物的抗氧化及清除自由基活性的差异,探讨药对组方对提取物活性物质含量、组成及生物活性的影响,并对药对的抗癌作用机理进行初步推测。药对组方后其还原能力、清除DPPH及·OH自由基能力均未出现显著增强,而其螯合Fe~(2+)能力以及保护DNA免受自由基损伤能力出现较显著的增强,提示其抗癌作用机制可能与其对过渡金属离子的螯合作用以及对DNA损伤的保护作用有关,而与其还原性、清除DPPH以及清除·OH自由基能力相关性不大。
第五章采用统计学方法研究了半枝莲、白花蛇舌草及其药对各提取物抗氧化活性与总酚及总黄酮含量之间的相关性。采用UV,LC-MS,MS/MS对半枝莲三种提取物各组分结构进行鉴定表征,并进一步探讨其抗氧化活性与特定结构的黄酮组分之间的相关性。结果表明提取物还原能力及清除DPPH、·OH自由基能力均与其总黄酮含量,特别是木犀草素含量有较显著的相关性,与其总酚含量及芹菜素含量亦有一定的相关性,而其对Fe~(2+)的螯合能力则可能与黄芩素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷及黄芩苷组分的存在与否有一定关系。
Scutellaria barbata D.Don is a wild perennial plant endemic to southern China, which has been widely used for medicinal purposes,such as inflammation,hepatitis, osteomyelitis,gynecological,lung,and rectal tumors in traditional Chinese medicine. On the other hand,Oldenlandia diffusa(Willd.) Roxb.(Syn.Hedyotis diffusa Willd.) is a wellknown folk medicine in Southern China and has been used for the treatment of hepatitis,tonsillitis,sore throat,appendicitis,urethral infection and malignant tumors of the liver,lung and stomach.Fresh or dried Hedyotis diffusa Willd leaves are used to make an aromatic tea or as a tonic or health drink by the local inhabitants. These two plants have been frequently used together,named 'Herb Pair' in traditional Chinese medicine,to achieve mutual enhancement or mutual assistance for the treatment of cancer and tumor in the clinical practice.It is indicated that the Herb Pair of these two plants may contain some new chemical components that result in the enhancement of antitumor activities.
In the first chapter,the progress in the study of medicinal herbs differentiate, chemical elements,pharmacology effect and clinical application of Scutellaria barbata D.Don,Hedyotis diffusa Willd and their Herb Pair in recent years was summarized Herb,to provide a reference for further studies in these fields.By examining the change in activity after compatibility,the role of the components could be explained in whole prescription.This attempt would he helpful for the research on the drug combination theory and the interaction between components in traditional Chinese prescription.
In the second chapter,Aqueous,hydroalcoholic and organic extracts of Scutellaria barbata D.Don,Hedyotis diffusa Willd and their Herb Pair were prepared. Multi-components library of organic extracts from Herb Pair was constructed.Extract yield,total phenolics and total flavonoids content in the aqueous,hydroalcoholic and organic extracts were also determined.Results showed that organic reagent can enrich phenolic and flavonoid compounds more effectively.
In the third chapter,the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Aqueous,hydroalcoholic and organic extracts of Scutellaria barbata D.Don,Hedyotis diffusa Willd and their Herb Pair were evaluated.The results showed that the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of extracts was significantly related to the total content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds.
In the fourth chapter,the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of organic extracts from Scutellaria barbata D.Don,Hedyotis diffusa Willd and their Herb Pair were contrasted.The reducing power,DPPH and hydroxyl radicals scavenging of Scutellaria barbata extract were much stronger than those of other tested extracts;The chelating activity of the Herb Pair extract on ferrous iron and protecting effect on DNA damage caused by hydroxyl radicals were the strongest. The anticancer mechanism of their combination may be associated with its chelating activity on ferrous iron and protecting effect on DNA damage caused by hydroxyl radicals.
In the fifth chapter,the structures of flavonoids in aqueous,hydroalcoholic and organic extracts of Scutellaria barbata D.Don were elucidated by UV,LC-MS, MS/MS.The coefficients of correlations were calculated between antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities and contents of phenolic,flavonoid compounds of extracts.The results showed that the reducing power,DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of extracts was statistically correlated with their contents of total phenolic,total flavonoid compounds and especially with the content of Luteolin and Apigenin.Correlation between ferrous ion-chelating efficacy and total phenolics and flavonoids contents of all samples in this study was moderate to lower,but significant. The containing of Scutellarein-7-O-β-D-glucuronide and Baicalin may be with relation to the ferrous ion-chelating efficacy of extracts.
引文
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