苏德尔特油田贝14区块三维地质建模技术研究
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摘要
随着油藏开发程度的不断提高,一些具有复杂的构造、岩性、储层、流体特征的油藏已逐渐成为主要的开发目标。油藏地质研究工作迫切需要一些新的、实用的技术方法,使油藏认识更加精确、细致,而基于钻井资料的三维地质建模技术正好是解决这一问题的主要方向之一。建立三维地质模型的最终目的是更细致,准确地研究地下的油藏,为油藏开发提供可靠依据。油藏数值模拟是进行复杂油藏开发分析最重要的技术手段之一,其中,三维地质模型的建立又是油藏数值模拟研究的重要基础。
本文以苏德尔特油田贝14区块为研究对象,针对研究区地质条件复杂,断层发育,构造起伏较大的特点。在精细地层对比、微构造、沉积微相、储集层非均质性及储集层动态解释的基础上,采用确定性与随机性相结合的建模方法,应用三维建模技术,建立研究区精细三维地质模型在此基础上形成三维地质建模的方法。该成果为油田开发方案的部署和调整,提高油气采收率,油藏数值模拟及预测剩余油的分布奠定了基础。科学的油藏评价、油藏工程管理以及三维油藏数值模拟也需建立三维地质模型。同时也为同类油田的三维地质建模提供借鉴。
As the level of reservoir development improves continuously, some reservoir which has complex structure, lithology, reservoir, fluid characteristics has gradually become a main development objective. Geological research work of reservoir needs some new and practical techniques urgently, which makes understanding of the reservoir more accurate and meticulous. 3D geological modeling technology, which bases on the drilling data, is one of the main direction to solve this problem. The ultimate goal of 3D geological model is to make the study of the underground reservoir more detailed and accurate, and provide a reliable basis for reservoir development. Numerical reservoir simulation is one of the most important means to analysis a complex reservoir development, and the establishment of 3D geological model is an important foundation of numerical reservoir simulation study.
In this paper, we choose Sudeerte oil field of Bui 14 blocks as research target, in view of complicated geological conditions of the study area, fault development, the large structural fluctuation characteristics, on the basis of fine correlation of strata, micro-structure, sedimentary microfacies, reservoir heterogeneity and dynamic interpretation of reservoir, use 3D modeling technology, establish precise 3D geological model of the study area, then form 3D geological modeling method. The results lay the foundation of the deployment and adjustment of oilfield development arrangement, improving oil recovery, reservoir numerical simulation and prediction the distribution of the remaining oil. Scientific reservoir evaluation, reservoir engineering management, and three-dimensional numerical reservoir simulation also require to establish 3D geological model. At the same time, 3D geological model can supply reference to the similar oilfield.
本文以苏德尔特油田贝14区块为研究对象,针对研究区地质条件复杂,断层发育,构造起伏较大的特点。在精细地层对比、微构造、沉积微相、储集层非均质性及储集层动态解释的基础上,采用确定性与随机性相结合的建模方法,应用三维建模技术,建立研究区精细三维地质模型在此基础上形成三维地质建模的方法。该成果为油田开发方案的部署和调整,提高油气采收率,油藏数值模拟及预测剩余油的分布奠定了基础。科学的油藏评价、油藏工程管理以及三维油藏数值模拟也需建立三维地质模型。同时也为同类油田的三维地质建模提供借鉴。
As the level of reservoir development improves continuously, some reservoir which has complex structure, lithology, reservoir, fluid characteristics has gradually become a main development objective. Geological research work of reservoir needs some new and practical techniques urgently, which makes understanding of the reservoir more accurate and meticulous. 3D geological modeling technology, which bases on the drilling data, is one of the main direction to solve this problem. The ultimate goal of 3D geological model is to make the study of the underground reservoir more detailed and accurate, and provide a reliable basis for reservoir development. Numerical reservoir simulation is one of the most important means to analysis a complex reservoir development, and the establishment of 3D geological model is an important foundation of numerical reservoir simulation study.
In this paper, we choose Sudeerte oil field of Bui 14 blocks as research target, in view of complicated geological conditions of the study area, fault development, the large structural fluctuation characteristics, on the basis of fine correlation of strata, micro-structure, sedimentary microfacies, reservoir heterogeneity and dynamic interpretation of reservoir, use 3D modeling technology, establish precise 3D geological model of the study area, then form 3D geological modeling method. The results lay the foundation of the deployment and adjustment of oilfield development arrangement, improving oil recovery, reservoir numerical simulation and prediction the distribution of the remaining oil. Scientific reservoir evaluation, reservoir engineering management, and three-dimensional numerical reservoir simulation also require to establish 3D geological model. At the same time, 3D geological model can supply reference to the similar oilfield.
引文
[1]胡向阳,熊琦华,吴胜和.储层建模方法研究进展[J],石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(1):107-112.
[2] BOURGAULT G. Using non-gaussion distributions in geostatistical simulation[J]. Mathematical Geology, 1997,29(3):315~334.
[3] H.H.Haldorsen. Challengesin Reservoir Characterization[J].AAPG.1993,77(4):541-551.
[4]吴胜和,金振奎,黄沧钿等.储层建模[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[5]王仲林,徐守余.河流相储集层定量建模研究[J],石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):75-78.
[6] JOURNEL A G , HUIJBEREGTS C J. Minining Geostatistics[M]. New York :AcademicPress,1978.
[7]张团峰,王家华.三维储层随机建模和随机模拟技术研究[A],见:中国数学地质[C],北京:地质出版社,1996,59-85.
[8] JOURNEL A G,ALABERT F G. New method for reservoir mapping [J]. JPT, 1990.
[9]吕晓光,王德发,姜洪福.储层地质模型及随机建模技术[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2000,19(1):10-13.
[10]裘怿楠,陈子琪.油藏描述[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1996.
[11]徐守余.超稠油水平井区三维地质随机建模研究[J],石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(1):57-63.
[12]雷启鸿,宋子齐,谭成仟等.利用流动单元建立渗透率模型的方法[J],新疆石油地质,2000,21(3):216-219.
[13]陈凤喜,王家华.GPR和SAFARI技术在露头储层研究中的应用初探[J],西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),2003,18(3):38-41.
[14]吴胜和,张一伟,李恕军等.提高储层随机建模精度的地质约束原则[J],石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(1):55-58.
[15]崇仁杰,刘静.以地震反演资料为基础的相控储层建模方法在BZ25O1油田的应用[J],中国海上油气(地质),2003,17(5):307-311.
[16]王端平,杨耀忠,龚蔚青等.沉积微相约束条件下的随机地质建模方法及应用研究[J],科技通报,2004,20(2):121-126.
[17]杨辉廷,江同文,颜其彬等.缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层三维地质建模方法初探[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(4):11-16.
[18]姜岩,李纲,刘文岭.基于地震解释成果的地质建模技术及应用[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(5):115-117.
[19]张世明,万海艳,戴涛等.复杂油藏三维地质模型的建立方法[J],油气地质与采收率,2005,12(1):9-11.
[20] W.J.Weber,L.C. Van Genus. Framework for Constructing Clastic Reservoir SimulanionModels[J],SPE 19582. 1989.
[21] JOURNELA G. Geostatistics and reservoir geology [A].In:Yarus and Chamber (eds.).Stochastic Modeling and geostatistics:Principles,Methods,and Case Studies[C].AAPG Computer application in Geology,1994, (3) .
[22]穆龙新.油藏描述技术的一些发展动向[J],石油勘探与开发,1999,26(6):42-46.
[23]吴键,曹代勇,邓爱居等.三维地质建模技术在油田基础地质研究中的应用[J],地球科学与环境学报,2005,27(2):52-55.
[24]金强,王伟峰.油藏地质模型的建立及其应用[J],石油学报,1995,16(1):32-37.
[25]陈丽华,王家华.油气储层研究技术[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[26]胡向阳,熊琦华,吴胜和.储层建模方法研究进展[J],石油学报,2001,25(1):107-113.
[27]王家华,张团峰.油气储层随机建模[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[28]孙国,张兴平,徐守余.随机建模技术在孤岛油田西区精细油藏描述中的应用[J],石油勘探与开发,2000,27(6):68-69.
[29] H.H.Haldorsen. Damsleth E. Stochastic modeling [J].JPT.1990,42(4):404-412.
[30] ALBERT F,MODOT V. Stochastic models of reservoir heterogeneities:Impact on connectivity and average permeabilities [J]. SPE 24893, 1992,355-370.
[31]叶鹏,宋保全,林亚光等.杏北地区储层精细描述与地质建模技术[J],大庆石油学院学报,2001,25(2):16-18.
[32]欧阳明华,谢丛姣.精细油藏描述中的储层建模[J],新疆石油学院学报,2004,16(1):47-51.
[33]李慧莉.桥口油藏三维可视化地质模型的建立及应用[J],断块油气田,2000,7(3):21-26.
[34]穆龙新.油藏描述的阶段性及特点[J],石油学报,2000,21(5):103-108.
[35]曾祥林,杜志敏,陈小凡等.多学科协同化方法在复杂断块油藏开发调整方案中的应用[J],西南石油学院学报,2002,24(1):34-36.
[36]葛元霞.极复杂断块油田油藏精细描述及剩余油分布研究[J],内蒙古石油化工,2001,27(4):26-28.
[37]杨耀忠,曲寿利,隋淑玲等.地震约束建模技术在油藏模拟中的应用[J],石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):535-539.
[38]陈遵德.储层地震属性优化方法[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[39]张爱国,韩玉坤,马春生等.复杂断块油藏精细描述技术[J],内蒙古石油化工,2001,27(1):113-114.
[40]吴胜和,熊琦华.油气储层地质学[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[41]杨小萍,董春荣.地震反演技术在储层建模中的作用[J],西安石油学报(自然科学版),2000,15(6):9-12.
[42]张永庆,代开梅,陈舒薇.砂质辫状河储层三维地质建模研究[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(5):34-36.
[43]周丽清,赵丽敏,赵国梁等.高分辨率地震约束相建模[J],石油勘探与开发,2002,29(3):56-57.
[44]吴胜和,刘英,范峥等.应用地质和地震信息进行三维沉积微相随机建模[J],古地理学报,2003,5(4):339-447.
[45] SRIVASTAVA R M. An overview of stochastic methods for reservoir characterization [A].In:Yarus and chamber(eds.). Stochastic Modeling and Geostatistics:Principles,Methods,and Case Studies [C].AAPG Computer Application in Geology,1994,(3):3-20.
[46] HEWETT T A. Fractal distributions of reservoir heterogeneity and their influence on fluid transport,proceedings [J]. SPE15386,1986.
[47]田冷,何顺利,顾岱宏.苏里格气田储层三维地质建模技术研究[J],天然气地球科学,2004,15(6):593-596.
[48]赵永胜.储层三维地质模型难使数值模拟摆脱困境[J],石油学报,1998,19(3):135-137.
[49]刘顺生,许长福,刘念周等.储层随机地质建模技术在油田开发中的应用[J],新疆石油学院学报,2001,13(3):30-34.
[50]王翠英,席天德,秦志强等.三维地质模型在濮城油田的应用[J],2003,10(2):27-29.
[51]姚军辉,游秀玲,张绪建等.油藏描述中的建模技术[J],石油与天然气地质,1997,18(1):34-37.
[2] BOURGAULT G. Using non-gaussion distributions in geostatistical simulation[J]. Mathematical Geology, 1997,29(3):315~334.
[3] H.H.Haldorsen. Challengesin Reservoir Characterization[J].AAPG.1993,77(4):541-551.
[4]吴胜和,金振奎,黄沧钿等.储层建模[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[5]王仲林,徐守余.河流相储集层定量建模研究[J],石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):75-78.
[6] JOURNEL A G , HUIJBEREGTS C J. Minining Geostatistics[M]. New York :AcademicPress,1978.
[7]张团峰,王家华.三维储层随机建模和随机模拟技术研究[A],见:中国数学地质[C],北京:地质出版社,1996,59-85.
[8] JOURNEL A G,ALABERT F G. New method for reservoir mapping [J]. JPT, 1990.
[9]吕晓光,王德发,姜洪福.储层地质模型及随机建模技术[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2000,19(1):10-13.
[10]裘怿楠,陈子琪.油藏描述[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1996.
[11]徐守余.超稠油水平井区三维地质随机建模研究[J],石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(1):57-63.
[12]雷启鸿,宋子齐,谭成仟等.利用流动单元建立渗透率模型的方法[J],新疆石油地质,2000,21(3):216-219.
[13]陈凤喜,王家华.GPR和SAFARI技术在露头储层研究中的应用初探[J],西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),2003,18(3):38-41.
[14]吴胜和,张一伟,李恕军等.提高储层随机建模精度的地质约束原则[J],石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(1):55-58.
[15]崇仁杰,刘静.以地震反演资料为基础的相控储层建模方法在BZ25O1油田的应用[J],中国海上油气(地质),2003,17(5):307-311.
[16]王端平,杨耀忠,龚蔚青等.沉积微相约束条件下的随机地质建模方法及应用研究[J],科技通报,2004,20(2):121-126.
[17]杨辉廷,江同文,颜其彬等.缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层三维地质建模方法初探[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(4):11-16.
[18]姜岩,李纲,刘文岭.基于地震解释成果的地质建模技术及应用[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(5):115-117.
[19]张世明,万海艳,戴涛等.复杂油藏三维地质模型的建立方法[J],油气地质与采收率,2005,12(1):9-11.
[20] W.J.Weber,L.C. Van Genus. Framework for Constructing Clastic Reservoir SimulanionModels[J],SPE 19582. 1989.
[21] JOURNELA G. Geostatistics and reservoir geology [A].In:Yarus and Chamber (eds.).Stochastic Modeling and geostatistics:Principles,Methods,and Case Studies[C].AAPG Computer application in Geology,1994, (3) .
[22]穆龙新.油藏描述技术的一些发展动向[J],石油勘探与开发,1999,26(6):42-46.
[23]吴键,曹代勇,邓爱居等.三维地质建模技术在油田基础地质研究中的应用[J],地球科学与环境学报,2005,27(2):52-55.
[24]金强,王伟峰.油藏地质模型的建立及其应用[J],石油学报,1995,16(1):32-37.
[25]陈丽华,王家华.油气储层研究技术[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[26]胡向阳,熊琦华,吴胜和.储层建模方法研究进展[J],石油学报,2001,25(1):107-113.
[27]王家华,张团峰.油气储层随机建模[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[28]孙国,张兴平,徐守余.随机建模技术在孤岛油田西区精细油藏描述中的应用[J],石油勘探与开发,2000,27(6):68-69.
[29] H.H.Haldorsen. Damsleth E. Stochastic modeling [J].JPT.1990,42(4):404-412.
[30] ALBERT F,MODOT V. Stochastic models of reservoir heterogeneities:Impact on connectivity and average permeabilities [J]. SPE 24893, 1992,355-370.
[31]叶鹏,宋保全,林亚光等.杏北地区储层精细描述与地质建模技术[J],大庆石油学院学报,2001,25(2):16-18.
[32]欧阳明华,谢丛姣.精细油藏描述中的储层建模[J],新疆石油学院学报,2004,16(1):47-51.
[33]李慧莉.桥口油藏三维可视化地质模型的建立及应用[J],断块油气田,2000,7(3):21-26.
[34]穆龙新.油藏描述的阶段性及特点[J],石油学报,2000,21(5):103-108.
[35]曾祥林,杜志敏,陈小凡等.多学科协同化方法在复杂断块油藏开发调整方案中的应用[J],西南石油学院学报,2002,24(1):34-36.
[36]葛元霞.极复杂断块油田油藏精细描述及剩余油分布研究[J],内蒙古石油化工,2001,27(4):26-28.
[37]杨耀忠,曲寿利,隋淑玲等.地震约束建模技术在油藏模拟中的应用[J],石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(5):535-539.
[38]陈遵德.储层地震属性优化方法[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[39]张爱国,韩玉坤,马春生等.复杂断块油藏精细描述技术[J],内蒙古石油化工,2001,27(1):113-114.
[40]吴胜和,熊琦华.油气储层地质学[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1998.
[41]杨小萍,董春荣.地震反演技术在储层建模中的作用[J],西安石油学报(自然科学版),2000,15(6):9-12.
[42]张永庆,代开梅,陈舒薇.砂质辫状河储层三维地质建模研究[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(5):34-36.
[43]周丽清,赵丽敏,赵国梁等.高分辨率地震约束相建模[J],石油勘探与开发,2002,29(3):56-57.
[44]吴胜和,刘英,范峥等.应用地质和地震信息进行三维沉积微相随机建模[J],古地理学报,2003,5(4):339-447.
[45] SRIVASTAVA R M. An overview of stochastic methods for reservoir characterization [A].In:Yarus and chamber(eds.). Stochastic Modeling and Geostatistics:Principles,Methods,and Case Studies [C].AAPG Computer Application in Geology,1994,(3):3-20.
[46] HEWETT T A. Fractal distributions of reservoir heterogeneity and their influence on fluid transport,proceedings [J]. SPE15386,1986.
[47]田冷,何顺利,顾岱宏.苏里格气田储层三维地质建模技术研究[J],天然气地球科学,2004,15(6):593-596.
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