海流与直立圆柱体相互作用的数值模拟
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摘要
在海洋工程中,钻杆、输油气管道和立管等结构,在海流作用下,均会产生显著的涡激振动。这种特殊的流固耦合现象,会降低这些构件的操作性能,严重威胁系统的作业安全和性能。目前对涡激振荡问题的数值研究,多倾向于研究二维低雷诺数问题。
在较为系统地回顾和总结了目前国内外研究进展的基础上,本文研究了均匀粘性流体中直立和截断圆柱体的三维受迫振荡问题,及超临界雷诺数下圆柱体的绕流问题和柔性圆柱体的流固耦合问题。
在第二章中,针对均匀流体中直立圆柱体的涡激振动问题,建立了粘性流数学物理模型,提出了数值模拟直立圆柱体受迫振动的动态铺层式动网格方法及流固耦合过程中的滑动网格技术。
在第三章中,基于Navier-Stokes方程,研究了三维直立贯底圆柱体和截断圆柱体的受迫振荡绕流问题,建立了粘性流数值模拟方法,在k ?ε湍流模式下进行了数值模拟分析,并与固定圆柱体的绕流特性做了比较。
在第四章中,运用LES方法数值模拟了Spar平台大直径圆柱结构在跨临界雷诺数下的三维绕流问题,并分均匀入流和剪切入流两种情况进行分析。考察了圆柱体尾部的旋涡的三维特性,同时还对柱体表面的周向稳态和脉动压力系数,以及平均阻力和横向力系数等进行了数值分析。
在第五章中,结合结构分析软件ABAQUS和流场分析软件FLUENT,考虑了柱体结构变形与柱体周围流场的相互作用,提出了一种全新的分析立管流固耦合的方法。结合流体软件LES方法和结构中的动态显式求解,得出了很好的数值模拟结果,验证了此方法的可行性。
Vortex-induced vibrations often occur when the structures of the ocean engineering are cut by the flow, such as drill pump, oil and gas pipelines and marine riser. The special fluid-structure interaction causes large stresses and potential fatigue damage to the marine structures and reduces their construction and performance functions and affects the safety and capability of such systems. There have numerous research works on flow past a circular cylinder in the viscous uniform fluid by use of two-dimensional numerical simulation methods. However, such a problem has not been reported yet for the case of the three-dimensional simulation under supercritical Reynolds number.
After an overview and summarization of the recent research progress, the paper focused on the interaction of the current with a vertical circular cylinder.
In ChapterⅡ, based on the viscous flow theory, the mathematical and physical model to the VIV problem of a horizontal circular cylinder in a uniform fluid were established. The dynamic layering mesh method was used to simulate the motions of the vertical circular cylinder under the forced oscillations.
In ChapterⅢ, based on the N-S equation, the dynamic layering mesh method was used to simulate the motions of the vertical circular cylinder under the forced oscillations in vicious flow. The k ?εmethod was employed for the numerical simulation. The comparison was made to the flow past a static cylinder.
In ChapterⅣ, the problem of the viscous flow past a large diameter cylinder of the Spar platform under supercritical Reynolds number was considered. Based on the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation with the Smagorinsky-Lilly model, the LES method was employed. The three dimensional characteristics of the wake vortex generated by the large diameter cylinder were successfully simulated. Moreover, numerical results were given for the characteristics of the pressure and drag coefficients around the cylinder.
In Chapter V, the problem of the viscous flow past an elastic cylinder under supercritical Reynolds number was simulated based on the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation with the Smagorinsky-Lilly model. Both the LES method and the dynamic implicit method were employed for the numerically simulation. The distortion of the cylinder duo the flow was taken into account.
在较为系统地回顾和总结了目前国内外研究进展的基础上,本文研究了均匀粘性流体中直立和截断圆柱体的三维受迫振荡问题,及超临界雷诺数下圆柱体的绕流问题和柔性圆柱体的流固耦合问题。
在第二章中,针对均匀流体中直立圆柱体的涡激振动问题,建立了粘性流数学物理模型,提出了数值模拟直立圆柱体受迫振动的动态铺层式动网格方法及流固耦合过程中的滑动网格技术。
在第三章中,基于Navier-Stokes方程,研究了三维直立贯底圆柱体和截断圆柱体的受迫振荡绕流问题,建立了粘性流数值模拟方法,在k ?ε湍流模式下进行了数值模拟分析,并与固定圆柱体的绕流特性做了比较。
在第四章中,运用LES方法数值模拟了Spar平台大直径圆柱结构在跨临界雷诺数下的三维绕流问题,并分均匀入流和剪切入流两种情况进行分析。考察了圆柱体尾部的旋涡的三维特性,同时还对柱体表面的周向稳态和脉动压力系数,以及平均阻力和横向力系数等进行了数值分析。
在第五章中,结合结构分析软件ABAQUS和流场分析软件FLUENT,考虑了柱体结构变形与柱体周围流场的相互作用,提出了一种全新的分析立管流固耦合的方法。结合流体软件LES方法和结构中的动态显式求解,得出了很好的数值模拟结果,验证了此方法的可行性。
Vortex-induced vibrations often occur when the structures of the ocean engineering are cut by the flow, such as drill pump, oil and gas pipelines and marine riser. The special fluid-structure interaction causes large stresses and potential fatigue damage to the marine structures and reduces their construction and performance functions and affects the safety and capability of such systems. There have numerous research works on flow past a circular cylinder in the viscous uniform fluid by use of two-dimensional numerical simulation methods. However, such a problem has not been reported yet for the case of the three-dimensional simulation under supercritical Reynolds number.
After an overview and summarization of the recent research progress, the paper focused on the interaction of the current with a vertical circular cylinder.
In ChapterⅡ, based on the viscous flow theory, the mathematical and physical model to the VIV problem of a horizontal circular cylinder in a uniform fluid were established. The dynamic layering mesh method was used to simulate the motions of the vertical circular cylinder under the forced oscillations.
In ChapterⅢ, based on the N-S equation, the dynamic layering mesh method was used to simulate the motions of the vertical circular cylinder under the forced oscillations in vicious flow. The k ?εmethod was employed for the numerical simulation. The comparison was made to the flow past a static cylinder.
In ChapterⅣ, the problem of the viscous flow past a large diameter cylinder of the Spar platform under supercritical Reynolds number was considered. Based on the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation with the Smagorinsky-Lilly model, the LES method was employed. The three dimensional characteristics of the wake vortex generated by the large diameter cylinder were successfully simulated. Moreover, numerical results were given for the characteristics of the pressure and drag coefficients around the cylinder.
In Chapter V, the problem of the viscous flow past an elastic cylinder under supercritical Reynolds number was simulated based on the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation with the Smagorinsky-Lilly model. Both the LES method and the dynamic implicit method were employed for the numerically simulation. The distortion of the cylinder duo the flow was taken into account.
引文
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