聚合物驱后提高采收率技术研究
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摘要
目前,我国强化采油主要依靠化学驱,其中聚合物驱所占比例较高。然而聚合物驱后仍有大量的剩余油存在。为了维持我国石油工业的持续发展,迫切需要研究聚合物驱后如何进一步提高采收率的技术和方法。
本文通过建立聚合物驱的概念模型,研究了油藏参数(油层纵向非均质、大孔道、垂向渗透率、油层平均渗透率、油层厚度、油层韵律性、原油粘度、油层温度)、聚合物性质参数(残余阻力系数、可及孔隙体积系数、吸附)、注聚参数(注入时机、聚合物用量、聚合物浓度、注入速度)和井网井距对聚合物驱油效果的影响规律,并以产出投入比为依据,运用正交设计的方法对聚合物浓度、聚合物用量和注入速度三个因素进行正交优化,得到聚合物驱最优方案。然后在分析聚合物驱后的剩余油分布规律后,对聚合物驱后的二次注聚、交联聚合物驱和聚合物表面活性剂二元驱三种提高采收率技术分别进行影响因素分析和参数优化设计,最后通过比较二次注聚、注交联聚合物驱和聚合物表面活性剂二元驱三种技术的最优方案,优选聚合物驱后的提高采收率技术。结果表明,交联聚合物驱是聚合物驱后较优的提高采收率技术。
At present, enhanced oil recovery mainly depend on chemical flooding in China, one of the higher proportion is polymer flooding. However there are still many remaining oil exist after polymer flooding. In order to maintain the sustainable development of the petroleum industry in China, there is an urgent need to study further enhanced oil recovery techniques and methods after polymer flooding.
This paper researches the reservoir parameters (reservoir vertical heterogeneity, large pore, vertical permeability, average reservoir permeability, reservoir thickness, reservoir rhythmic, crude oil viscosity, oil temperature), polymer nature (residual resistance coefficient, accessible pore volume coefficient, absorption), polymer parameters (injection timing, polymer dosage, polymer concentration, injection rate), well pattern and well spacing on the effect of polymer flooding through the establishment of the polymer flooding concept model. And based on outputs than inputs, polymer concentration, polymer dosage and the injection rate of these three factors are orthogonal optimization by the use of orthogonal design method, thus, the best polymer flooding program has been got. Then, in the analysis of remaining oil distribution after the polymer flooding, the influencing factors and the parameter optimization of the second polymer, cross-linked polymer flooding and polymer surfactant flooding are studied after polymer flooding. At last,the enhanced oil recovery technology after polymer flooding are optimized by comparing the best programs of the second polymer, crosslinked polymer injection and polymer surfactant flooding technology. The results showed that crosslinking polymer flooding are better enhanced oil recovery technology after polymer flooding.
本文通过建立聚合物驱的概念模型,研究了油藏参数(油层纵向非均质、大孔道、垂向渗透率、油层平均渗透率、油层厚度、油层韵律性、原油粘度、油层温度)、聚合物性质参数(残余阻力系数、可及孔隙体积系数、吸附)、注聚参数(注入时机、聚合物用量、聚合物浓度、注入速度)和井网井距对聚合物驱油效果的影响规律,并以产出投入比为依据,运用正交设计的方法对聚合物浓度、聚合物用量和注入速度三个因素进行正交优化,得到聚合物驱最优方案。然后在分析聚合物驱后的剩余油分布规律后,对聚合物驱后的二次注聚、交联聚合物驱和聚合物表面活性剂二元驱三种提高采收率技术分别进行影响因素分析和参数优化设计,最后通过比较二次注聚、注交联聚合物驱和聚合物表面活性剂二元驱三种技术的最优方案,优选聚合物驱后的提高采收率技术。结果表明,交联聚合物驱是聚合物驱后较优的提高采收率技术。
At present, enhanced oil recovery mainly depend on chemical flooding in China, one of the higher proportion is polymer flooding. However there are still many remaining oil exist after polymer flooding. In order to maintain the sustainable development of the petroleum industry in China, there is an urgent need to study further enhanced oil recovery techniques and methods after polymer flooding.
This paper researches the reservoir parameters (reservoir vertical heterogeneity, large pore, vertical permeability, average reservoir permeability, reservoir thickness, reservoir rhythmic, crude oil viscosity, oil temperature), polymer nature (residual resistance coefficient, accessible pore volume coefficient, absorption), polymer parameters (injection timing, polymer dosage, polymer concentration, injection rate), well pattern and well spacing on the effect of polymer flooding through the establishment of the polymer flooding concept model. And based on outputs than inputs, polymer concentration, polymer dosage and the injection rate of these three factors are orthogonal optimization by the use of orthogonal design method, thus, the best polymer flooding program has been got. Then, in the analysis of remaining oil distribution after the polymer flooding, the influencing factors and the parameter optimization of the second polymer, cross-linked polymer flooding and polymer surfactant flooding are studied after polymer flooding. At last,the enhanced oil recovery technology after polymer flooding are optimized by comparing the best programs of the second polymer, crosslinked polymer injection and polymer surfactant flooding technology. The results showed that crosslinking polymer flooding are better enhanced oil recovery technology after polymer flooding.
引文
[1]卢祥国,高振环.聚合物驱油之后剩余油分布规律研究[J].石油学报,1996, 17(4):55-56
[2]孙尚如,何先华,邬侠,等.聚合物驱后剩余油分布核磁成像实验研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2003,22(4):61-62
[3]宋考平,杨钊,舒志华,等.聚合物驱剩余油微观分布的影响因素[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(2):25-27
[4]彭红利,周小平,姚广聚,等.大孔道油藏聚驱后微观剩余油分布规律及提高采收率实验室研究[J].天然气勘探与开发,2005,28(3):62-64
[5]侯健,张顺康,袁士宝.聚合物驱微观渗流实验剩余油分布的定量分析研究[J].水动力学研究与进展,2006,21(1):42-44
[6]周旭煌,关文超.耐温抗盐交联聚合物影响因素研究[J].华中理工大学学报,2000,28(8):105-107
[7]李和全,孙海东,吴肇亮,等.LPS体系深部调剖油藏适应性的数值模拟[J].大庆石油学院学报,2002,26(2):24-26
[8]姚海霞,郑健,郭延军,等.利29断块高温高盐油藏交联聚合物驱可行性研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2003,10(3):67-69
[9]宋立新.交联聚合物驱数学模型研究[J].特种油气藏,2003,12(8):38-40
[10]熊生春,王业飞,何英.聚合物驱后交联聚合物深部调剖技术室内试验研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(6):78-80
[11]吴委萍,胡学军,黄柱花,等.表面活性剂一聚合物驱复合段塞的优化设计[J].江汉石油,2000,14(1):22-24
[12]李柏林,程杰成.二元无碱驱油体系研究[J].油气地面工程,2004,23(6):16-17
[13]张爱美,曹绪龙,李秀兰,等.胜利油区二元复合驱油先导试验驱油体系及方案优化研究[J].新疆石油学院学报,2004,16(3):40-42
[14]李孟涛,刘先贵,杨孝君.无碱二元复合体系驱油试验研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(5):74-76
[15]陈中华,李华斌.复合驱中界面张力数量级与提高采收率的关系研究[J].海洋石油,2006,25(3):53-57
[16]夏惠芬,王德民,侯吉瑞,等.聚合物溶液的粘弹性对驱油效率的影响[J].大庆石油学院院报,2002,26(2):109-111
[17]王德民,程杰成,杨清彦,等.粘弹性聚合物溶液能提高岩心的微观驱油效率[J].石油学报,2000,21(5):45-51
[18]夏惠芬,王德民,刘中春,等.粘弹性聚合物溶液提高微观驱油效率的研究[J].石油学报,2001,22(4):60-65
[19]夏惠芬,王德民.聚合物溶液的粘弹性实验[J].大庆石油学院学报,2002,26(2):105-108
[20]李和全.三次采油油藏数值模拟基础[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,1994:20-22
[21]张宏方,王立军,宋文玲,等.聚合物溶液通过多孔介质时衰竭层厚度计算[J].大庆石油学院学报.2002, 26(1):21-23
[22]孙焕泉,张一根,曹绪龙.聚合物驱油技术[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,2002:93-95
[23]秦积舜,李爱芬.油层物理学[M].第二版.山东东营:石油大学出版社,2005:142-144
[24]王友启,张以根,姜颜波,等.影响聚合物驱矿场实施效果的几个问题[J].油田化学,1999,16(3):244-246
[25]张志远.聚合物驱采油技术[J].达县师范高等专科学校学报(自然科学版),2003,13(2):19-21
[26]李相远,侯健,杜庆军.基于潜力预测模型的聚合物驱参数敏感性分析[J].油田化学,2005,22(2):163-165
[27]姜颜波.孤岛油田南区渤64块聚合物驱参数优化设计[J].河南石油,2004,18(1):35-36
[28]宋道万.孤岛油田中一区馆3聚合物驱油试验方案数值模拟研究[J].油气采收率技术,1995, 2(1):29-30
[29]芦文生.绥中36-1油田聚合物驱数值模拟研究[J].中国海上油气(地质),2002, 16(5):333-335
[30]付天郁,邵振波,毕艳昌.注入速度对聚合物驱油效果的影响[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(2):63-65
[31]耿站立,姜汉桥,李杰.正交试验设计法在优化注聚参数研究中的应用[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(5):119-122
[32]姜同川.正交试验设计[M].山东济南:山东科技出版社,1985:100-102
[33] Alabert,F.Getal..Stochastic Models of Reservior Heterogeneity:Impact on Connectivity and Average Permeabilities,SPE24893,1995:110-112
[34] Caers,J.etal.,Stochastic Reservior Simulation Using Neural Networks Trained on Outcrop Data,SPE49026,2003:89-92
[35] Demsleth,E.etal.,Mixed Reservior Characterization Methods,SPE27969,1997:200-203
[36] R.K.Guthie, M .H.Greenberger.The Use of Multiple Correlation Analysis for Interpriting Petroleum Engineering Data,Drilland Prod.Prac.SPE24996,1995:230-237
[37]戚连庆.聚合物驱油工程数值模拟研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:28-30 [38 ]胡博仲,刘恒.聚合物驱采油工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:40-42
[39]李洁,隋新光.大庆油田葡一组油层聚驱后剩余油微观分布规律研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(2):26-28
[40]孙建英,方艳君.聚驱后剩余油分布及挖潜技术研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(3):37-39
[41]陈福明,牛金刚,王加滢.低浓度交联聚合物深度调剖技术研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(2):66-67
[42]肖稳发.表面活性剂化学一油气田开发中的应用[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,2001:81-83
[43]张越,张高勇,王佩维,等.重烷基苯磺酸盐的界面性质和驱油机理[J].物理化学学报,2005,21(2):161-165
[44]隋智慧,林冠发,朱友益.三次采油用表面活性剂的制备、应用及进展[J].化工进展,2003,22(4):355-359
[45]伍晓林,陈坚,伦世仪.生物表面活性剂在提高原油采收率方面的应用[J].生物学杂志,2000,17(6):25-27
[46]赵福麟.EOR原理[M].山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006:137-138
[2]孙尚如,何先华,邬侠,等.聚合物驱后剩余油分布核磁成像实验研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2003,22(4):61-62
[3]宋考平,杨钊,舒志华,等.聚合物驱剩余油微观分布的影响因素[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(2):25-27
[4]彭红利,周小平,姚广聚,等.大孔道油藏聚驱后微观剩余油分布规律及提高采收率实验室研究[J].天然气勘探与开发,2005,28(3):62-64
[5]侯健,张顺康,袁士宝.聚合物驱微观渗流实验剩余油分布的定量分析研究[J].水动力学研究与进展,2006,21(1):42-44
[6]周旭煌,关文超.耐温抗盐交联聚合物影响因素研究[J].华中理工大学学报,2000,28(8):105-107
[7]李和全,孙海东,吴肇亮,等.LPS体系深部调剖油藏适应性的数值模拟[J].大庆石油学院学报,2002,26(2):24-26
[8]姚海霞,郑健,郭延军,等.利29断块高温高盐油藏交联聚合物驱可行性研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2003,10(3):67-69
[9]宋立新.交联聚合物驱数学模型研究[J].特种油气藏,2003,12(8):38-40
[10]熊生春,王业飞,何英.聚合物驱后交联聚合物深部调剖技术室内试验研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(6):78-80
[11]吴委萍,胡学军,黄柱花,等.表面活性剂一聚合物驱复合段塞的优化设计[J].江汉石油,2000,14(1):22-24
[12]李柏林,程杰成.二元无碱驱油体系研究[J].油气地面工程,2004,23(6):16-17
[13]张爱美,曹绪龙,李秀兰,等.胜利油区二元复合驱油先导试验驱油体系及方案优化研究[J].新疆石油学院学报,2004,16(3):40-42
[14]李孟涛,刘先贵,杨孝君.无碱二元复合体系驱油试验研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2004,26(5):74-76
[15]陈中华,李华斌.复合驱中界面张力数量级与提高采收率的关系研究[J].海洋石油,2006,25(3):53-57
[16]夏惠芬,王德民,侯吉瑞,等.聚合物溶液的粘弹性对驱油效率的影响[J].大庆石油学院院报,2002,26(2):109-111
[17]王德民,程杰成,杨清彦,等.粘弹性聚合物溶液能提高岩心的微观驱油效率[J].石油学报,2000,21(5):45-51
[18]夏惠芬,王德民,刘中春,等.粘弹性聚合物溶液提高微观驱油效率的研究[J].石油学报,2001,22(4):60-65
[19]夏惠芬,王德民.聚合物溶液的粘弹性实验[J].大庆石油学院学报,2002,26(2):105-108
[20]李和全.三次采油油藏数值模拟基础[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,1994:20-22
[21]张宏方,王立军,宋文玲,等.聚合物溶液通过多孔介质时衰竭层厚度计算[J].大庆石油学院学报.2002, 26(1):21-23
[22]孙焕泉,张一根,曹绪龙.聚合物驱油技术[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,2002:93-95
[23]秦积舜,李爱芬.油层物理学[M].第二版.山东东营:石油大学出版社,2005:142-144
[24]王友启,张以根,姜颜波,等.影响聚合物驱矿场实施效果的几个问题[J].油田化学,1999,16(3):244-246
[25]张志远.聚合物驱采油技术[J].达县师范高等专科学校学报(自然科学版),2003,13(2):19-21
[26]李相远,侯健,杜庆军.基于潜力预测模型的聚合物驱参数敏感性分析[J].油田化学,2005,22(2):163-165
[27]姜颜波.孤岛油田南区渤64块聚合物驱参数优化设计[J].河南石油,2004,18(1):35-36
[28]宋道万.孤岛油田中一区馆3聚合物驱油试验方案数值模拟研究[J].油气采收率技术,1995, 2(1):29-30
[29]芦文生.绥中36-1油田聚合物驱数值模拟研究[J].中国海上油气(地质),2002, 16(5):333-335
[30]付天郁,邵振波,毕艳昌.注入速度对聚合物驱油效果的影响[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(2):63-65
[31]耿站立,姜汉桥,李杰.正交试验设计法在优化注聚参数研究中的应用[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(5):119-122
[32]姜同川.正交试验设计[M].山东济南:山东科技出版社,1985:100-102
[33] Alabert,F.Getal..Stochastic Models of Reservior Heterogeneity:Impact on Connectivity and Average Permeabilities,SPE24893,1995:110-112
[34] Caers,J.etal.,Stochastic Reservior Simulation Using Neural Networks Trained on Outcrop Data,SPE49026,2003:89-92
[35] Demsleth,E.etal.,Mixed Reservior Characterization Methods,SPE27969,1997:200-203
[36] R.K.Guthie, M .H.Greenberger.The Use of Multiple Correlation Analysis for Interpriting Petroleum Engineering Data,Drilland Prod.Prac.SPE24996,1995:230-237
[37]戚连庆.聚合物驱油工程数值模拟研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:28-30 [38 ]胡博仲,刘恒.聚合物驱采油工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:40-42
[39]李洁,隋新光.大庆油田葡一组油层聚驱后剩余油微观分布规律研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(2):26-28
[40]孙建英,方艳君.聚驱后剩余油分布及挖潜技术研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(3):37-39
[41]陈福明,牛金刚,王加滢.低浓度交联聚合物深度调剖技术研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(2):66-67
[42]肖稳发.表面活性剂化学一油气田开发中的应用[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,2001:81-83
[43]张越,张高勇,王佩维,等.重烷基苯磺酸盐的界面性质和驱油机理[J].物理化学学报,2005,21(2):161-165
[44]隋智慧,林冠发,朱友益.三次采油用表面活性剂的制备、应用及进展[J].化工进展,2003,22(4):355-359
[45]伍晓林,陈坚,伦世仪.生物表面活性剂在提高原油采收率方面的应用[J].生物学杂志,2000,17(6):25-27
[46]赵福麟.EOR原理[M].山东东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006:137-138
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