注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构加固滑坡离心模型试验研究
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摘要
注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构是加固滑坡的一种新型支挡措施。开始工程技术人员认为钢管微型桩只能构造成树根桩来承受竖向荷载,最近20年里,钢管微型桩技术的快速发展改变了工程技术人员以往对钢管微型桩的片面认识,人们逐渐认识到钢管微型单桩也能承受较大的横向荷载。越来越多的工程师开始把钢管微型桩应用到基坑支护、边(滑)坡防治、震后重建工程中。但钢管微型桩用于边坡加固或者滑坡治理方面计算理论相对滞后,其设计理论也不是很完善,实际施工中主要参考抗滑桩的设计参数,专门针对钢管微型桩的试验研究相对较少,需开展专门针对钢管微型桩的模型试验研究。
在这种现状下,本文借助于西南交通大学的大型土工离心机,进行了注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构加固滑坡的模型试验。试验中分两种工况,即无加固措施和注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构加固措施,通过对试验现象和试验测得数据的对比和分析,说明了注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构加固滑坡的效果,分析了注浆与钢管微型桩的受力特性和变形情况,总结了注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构在加固此类滑坡时的适用条件,并为施工设计提供了一定的参考依据。
通过试验的结果得出:对于含水量为23.6%及以下的膨胀土滑坡,采用注浆与钢管微型桩加固措施是可行的,收到了比较好的加固效果,并指出了在设计中要注意的问题;对于含水量为29.2%的膨胀土滑坡,不适合采用注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构的方式加固。
Grouting and steel micropiles composite structures are a new type of landslide retaining measures. At first, micro-piles is considered as a whole strueture to bear vertieal loads.However, in recent 20 years, due to the development of micro-piletechnology, the views on bearing capacity of micro-pile have been changed. It is gradually realized that single micro-pile is also able to resist lateral loads. As a result of the Advantages of applying micro-pile, attentions are paid to micro-pile. And micro-piles are used more and more in foundation pit supporting, slope controlling and reconstruetion projects after earthquake. However, the theory on micro-pile applied in slope engineering falls far behind practice. In view of the researeh situation,it is an urgent task to start researches on anti- sliding mechanism of micro-pile composite strueture.
In this thesis, grouting and steel micro-piles composite structures reinforcement landslide model tests is carried out by Southwest JiaoTong University's large-scale earthwork centrifuge. Two kinds of circumstance are proposed in the reinforcement landslide model test, one of which is grouting and steel micro-piles composite structures reinforcement landslide model test method and the other of which is no reinforcement landslide model test method. Model test is done to study the deformation of landslide model, and distribution form of stress acted on grouting and steel micro-piles. The effect of grouting and steel micro-piles composite structures reinforcement landslide is described by analyzing and comparing the model tests. Suitable condition for grouting and steel micro-piles composite structures reinforcement landslide are proposed. In conclusion,it provide a reference for designing and construction about reinforcement landslide.
The conclusions are drawn through deep studies in the model tests. First of all, it is feasible to adopt grouting and steel reinforcement micro-piles measures reinforcement for the water content of expansive soil landslide by 23.6% or below. At the same time, the problems in designing are pointed out. Second, grouting and steel reinforcement micro-piles measures are not applicable for the water content of expansive soil landslide by 29.2%. Thus grouting and steel reinforcement micro-piles are not suitable to reinforce the greater water content landslide.
在这种现状下,本文借助于西南交通大学的大型土工离心机,进行了注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构加固滑坡的模型试验。试验中分两种工况,即无加固措施和注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构加固措施,通过对试验现象和试验测得数据的对比和分析,说明了注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构加固滑坡的效果,分析了注浆与钢管微型桩的受力特性和变形情况,总结了注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构在加固此类滑坡时的适用条件,并为施工设计提供了一定的参考依据。
通过试验的结果得出:对于含水量为23.6%及以下的膨胀土滑坡,采用注浆与钢管微型桩加固措施是可行的,收到了比较好的加固效果,并指出了在设计中要注意的问题;对于含水量为29.2%的膨胀土滑坡,不适合采用注浆与钢管微型桩组合结构的方式加固。
Grouting and steel micropiles composite structures are a new type of landslide retaining measures. At first, micro-piles is considered as a whole strueture to bear vertieal loads.However, in recent 20 years, due to the development of micro-piletechnology, the views on bearing capacity of micro-pile have been changed. It is gradually realized that single micro-pile is also able to resist lateral loads. As a result of the Advantages of applying micro-pile, attentions are paid to micro-pile. And micro-piles are used more and more in foundation pit supporting, slope controlling and reconstruetion projects after earthquake. However, the theory on micro-pile applied in slope engineering falls far behind practice. In view of the researeh situation,it is an urgent task to start researches on anti- sliding mechanism of micro-pile composite strueture.
In this thesis, grouting and steel micro-piles composite structures reinforcement landslide model tests is carried out by Southwest JiaoTong University's large-scale earthwork centrifuge. Two kinds of circumstance are proposed in the reinforcement landslide model test, one of which is grouting and steel micro-piles composite structures reinforcement landslide model test method and the other of which is no reinforcement landslide model test method. Model test is done to study the deformation of landslide model, and distribution form of stress acted on grouting and steel micro-piles. The effect of grouting and steel micro-piles composite structures reinforcement landslide is described by analyzing and comparing the model tests. Suitable condition for grouting and steel micro-piles composite structures reinforcement landslide are proposed. In conclusion,it provide a reference for designing and construction about reinforcement landslide.
The conclusions are drawn through deep studies in the model tests. First of all, it is feasible to adopt grouting and steel reinforcement micro-piles measures reinforcement for the water content of expansive soil landslide by 23.6% or below. At the same time, the problems in designing are pointed out. Second, grouting and steel reinforcement micro-piles measures are not applicable for the water content of expansive soil landslide by 29.2%. Thus grouting and steel reinforcement micro-piles are not suitable to reinforce the greater water content landslide.
引文
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[2]肖世国,周德培.岩石高边坡预应力锚索地梁的一种内力计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2):250-253.
[3]李海光等编著.新型支挡结构设计与工程实例.北京:人民交通出版社,2004.
[4]郑明新.滑坡防治工程效果的后评价研究[D].河海大学博士学位论文.南京.2005:1-2.
[5]Bruce D A,Dimillio A F.Juran I.Introduction to mieropiles:an international perspetive.In:William F K ed.Foundation Upgrading and Repair for Infrastructure Improvement[C].New York:Geotechnical Special Publication,ASCE,1995.1-26.
[6]R Cantoni.A design method for reticulated micropiles structure insliding slopes.Ground Engineering May.1989,22(1):41-47.
[7]丁光文,王新.微型桩复合结构在滑坡整治中的应用[J].岩土工程技术,2004,18(1):47-50.
[8]程华龙.注浆微型桩加固软土地基的机制与设计计算[J].地质科技情报,1999,18(增):54-56.
[9]谢晓华,刘吉福,庞奇思.微型桩在某滑坡处治工程中的应用[J].西部探矿工程,2001,13(2):110-111.
[10]朱宝龙.类软土滑坡工程特性及钢管压力注浆型抗滑挡墙的理论研究[博士学位论文][D].成都:西南交通大学,2005
[11]俞振全编著.钢管桩的设计与施工.北京:地震出版社,1993
[12]Tom Armour,Paul Groneek,JamesKeeley,Sunil harma.Mircropile Design AndConstruction Guidelines Implementation Manual Priority Techonologies (PTP) Project.PublicationNO.FHWA-SA-97-070.2000.
[13]JAMP.Design and Execution Manual for Seismic Retrofitting of Existing Pile Foundation with High Capacity Micropiles.Foundation Engineering Research Team,Structures Research Group,Public Works Research Institute,Japan,2002.
[14]Han Juran & Aomar Benslimane.Slope stabilization by micropile reinfor cemeni.Landslides.1996:1715-1726
[15]Aomar Benslimane.Dynamic Behavior of Micropiles Systems Subjected to Sinusoidal Ground Motion[D].Doetor Dissertation of Polyteehnie University January2000:1-2.
[16]Sung June Lee.Behavior of A Single Micropile in Sand Under Cyclic Loads[D].Doetor Dissertation of University of Illinois.Urbana.2004:3.
[17]王恭先.滑坡防治工程中的关键技术及其处理方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005 24(21):3818-3827.
[18]丁光文.微型桩处理滑坡的设计方法[J].西部探矿工程,2001(71):15-17.
[19]史佩栋,何开胜.小桩的起源、应用与发展[J].岩土工程界,2003,8(9):18-23.
[20]冯君,周德培,江南,杨涛.微型桩体系加固顺层岩质边坡的内力计算模式[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,2:284-288
[21]白晨光,贾立宏,马金普等.抗弯功能微型桩在基坑支护中的应用.岩土工程学报,第28卷增刊2006,11:1656-1658
[22]蒋鹏程.树根桩应用于加固高路堤的探讨.四川建筑,第26卷4期2006,8:80-81
[23]陈礼建.微型桩配合土钉支护的实践与思考.福建建筑2000年增刊
[24]龚健,陈仁朋,陈云敏,等.微型桩原型水平荷载试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(20):3 541-3 546.
[25]朱宝龙,胡厚田,张玉芳等.钢管压力注浆型抗滑挡墙在京珠高速公路K108滑坡治理中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(2)
[26]李河玉.小导管注浆技术及在隧道和地下工程中的应用.西南交通大学研究生学位论文,2002.12,1-3
[27]刘晓敏.注浆技术的发展及应用.安微建筑,2002.3
[28]周翰斌.岩溶地区桩基持力层的加固处理.铁道建筑技术,2001,(1)
[29]曹南山.复合注浆涅雍桩基础加固中的应用研究.中南大学硕士学位论文2006.10
[30]管泽英,刘坤鹏.灌浆法对地面建筑桩基的加固方案探讨.西部探矿工程,2001年第4期
[31]宰金氓,宰金璋.高层层建筑基础分析与设计.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1993
[32]曾应斌译.多级扩底灌注桩的应用.建筑技术,1986年第4期
[33]陈丛新.边坡稳定离心模型实验中离心力分布不均匀的影响[J].岩土力学,1994,15(4):39-46.
[34]朱维新.土工离心模型试验研究概况[J].岩土工程学报,1986,8(2).
[35]Bucky,P.B.The use of models for the study of mining problems[J].Am.Inst.Met.Eng.Tech.Pub,1931,425,28-30.
[36]程良奎,杨志银.喷射混凝土与土钉墙[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1998
[37]Schofield,A.N.Dynamic and Earthquake Geotechnical Centrifuge Modeling[A],Intern.conf.on Recent Advances in Geo technical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics[C],1981
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