光纤太阳光照明系统
|
摘要
太阳能是一种具有开发潜力的清洁能源，作为可再生资源它有着化石能源不可比拟的优势。近年来太阳能的利用越来越多的得到了各国专家学者的重视，但太阳能也一样存在着先天劣势——利用效率低，这也阻碍着太阳能广泛利用的发展。为了进一步提高太阳能的利用效率和扩展太阳能利用范围，本文提出了光纤太阳光照明系统，该系统结构简易、成本低，可广泛应用于地铁、地下建筑等和无法直接接受太阳光照射的环境，同时起到节能并对人体健康有很大益处。
论文首先建立了菲涅尔透镜聚光模型，分析讨论了菲涅尔透镜的汇聚特性，计算表明：菲涅尔透镜对太阳光束的入射角度要求非常高，然后分析了汇聚光斑与光纤耦合时，角度误差、横向误差和纵向误差对耦合效率的影响，计算表明横向误差、纵向误差影响较大，角度误差的影响相对较小。根据菲涅尔透镜的汇聚特性和光纤对汇聚光束耦合的要求设计了专用的耦合装置。根据光路系统提出的技术要求设计了机械聚光平台，其内部装有三维调节基座可对耦合时的横/纵向误差进行调整，并对蜗轮蜗杆传动比作了分析，通过高精度的机械装置保证光路系统的设计要求。
系统采用计算机作为控制器，论文设计了接口控制卡其核心器件是芯片8254，利用VC6.0编程平台通过接口控制卡对系统运行进行控制。由于光路系统对跟踪精度的要求很高，控制系统增加了光电传感器，其核心器件为四象限硅光电池，通过信号采集电路提取光电池象限间的电压差值信号对跟踪装置的运行轨迹进行修正，最终实现系统的高精度跟踪。
Solar energy is a clean energy and also a kind of potential fordevelopment, as renewable resources it has an incomparable advantagecompare with fossil energy. In recent years, the solar energy got more andmore attention from experts and scholars in various countries, but thesolar energy has obvious disadvantage——low utilization efficiency. Italso hinders the development of extensive use of solar energy. In order tofurther improve the utilization efficiency and extend range of the solarenergy utilize. So as to further improve the utilization efficiency and therange of application of the solar energy. This paper presents the fibersolar illumination system, it has simple structure、low cost and wideapplication range. It can be applied to subway, underground buildings andcannot accept light bedroom environment. And effectively play the roleof saving energy.
The paper established a Fresnel lens spotlight model in advance, discusses the convergence properties of Fresnel lens. Calculation showsthat the Fresnel lens on the incident angle of the sunlight is very high, itoffers theoretical basis for design. Then paper analyzes the influence ofcoupling efficiency by angle error, axial error and longitudinal error.Calculations indicate that axial error and longitudinal error had greaterimpact and angle error was relatively small. According to the Fresnel lensand optical fiber coupling convergence characteristic designed of aspecial coupling device. And design of mechanical condenser platform,according to the technical requirements of optical system. Design ofthree-dimensional adjusting base, It could adjust the angle error and axialerror and longitudinal error. And make the design and calculations forworm gear and worm drive. Though the high precision mechanical deviceto ensure that the whole optical system design requirements.
This system uses the computer as the controller, this paper designsthe interface control card and the core device of control card is chip of8254. Through the VC6.0programming platform control tracking controlsystem. Due to the optical path system of tracking precision is very high,Control systems increased the photoelectric sensor. The core device ofsensor is Four-quadrant silicon solar cell. By quadrant light batteryvoltage correction of the difference signal to adjust the tracking devicetrack, eventually achieve high precision tracking system.
论文首先建立了菲涅尔透镜聚光模型，分析讨论了菲涅尔透镜的汇聚特性，计算表明：菲涅尔透镜对太阳光束的入射角度要求非常高，然后分析了汇聚光斑与光纤耦合时，角度误差、横向误差和纵向误差对耦合效率的影响，计算表明横向误差、纵向误差影响较大，角度误差的影响相对较小。根据菲涅尔透镜的汇聚特性和光纤对汇聚光束耦合的要求设计了专用的耦合装置。根据光路系统提出的技术要求设计了机械聚光平台，其内部装有三维调节基座可对耦合时的横/纵向误差进行调整，并对蜗轮蜗杆传动比作了分析，通过高精度的机械装置保证光路系统的设计要求。
系统采用计算机作为控制器，论文设计了接口控制卡其核心器件是芯片8254，利用VC6.0编程平台通过接口控制卡对系统运行进行控制。由于光路系统对跟踪精度的要求很高，控制系统增加了光电传感器，其核心器件为四象限硅光电池，通过信号采集电路提取光电池象限间的电压差值信号对跟踪装置的运行轨迹进行修正，最终实现系统的高精度跟踪。
Solar energy is a clean energy and also a kind of potential fordevelopment, as renewable resources it has an incomparable advantagecompare with fossil energy. In recent years, the solar energy got more andmore attention from experts and scholars in various countries, but thesolar energy has obvious disadvantage——low utilization efficiency. Italso hinders the development of extensive use of solar energy. In order tofurther improve the utilization efficiency and extend range of the solarenergy utilize. So as to further improve the utilization efficiency and therange of application of the solar energy. This paper presents the fibersolar illumination system, it has simple structure、low cost and wideapplication range. It can be applied to subway, underground buildings andcannot accept light bedroom environment. And effectively play the roleof saving energy.
The paper established a Fresnel lens spotlight model in advance, discusses the convergence properties of Fresnel lens. Calculation showsthat the Fresnel lens on the incident angle of the sunlight is very high, itoffers theoretical basis for design. Then paper analyzes the influence ofcoupling efficiency by angle error, axial error and longitudinal error.Calculations indicate that axial error and longitudinal error had greaterimpact and angle error was relatively small. According to the Fresnel lensand optical fiber coupling convergence characteristic designed of aspecial coupling device. And design of mechanical condenser platform,according to the technical requirements of optical system. Design ofthree-dimensional adjusting base, It could adjust the angle error and axialerror and longitudinal error. And make the design and calculations forworm gear and worm drive. Though the high precision mechanical deviceto ensure that the whole optical system design requirements.
This system uses the computer as the controller, this paper designsthe interface control card and the core device of control card is chip of8254. Through the VC6.0programming platform control tracking controlsystem. Due to the optical path system of tracking precision is very high,Control systems increased the photoelectric sensor. The core device ofsensor is Four-quadrant silicon solar cell. By quadrant light batteryvoltage correction of the difference signal to adjust the tracking devicetrack, eventually achieve high precision tracking system.
引文
[1]岑幻霞.太阳能热利用[M].清华大学出版社.1996.
[2]沈辉,曾祖勤.太阳能光伏发电技术[M].化学工业出版社，2005.
[3]王长贵,王斯成.太阳能光伏发电实用技术[M].化学工业出版社,2005.
[4]施玉川.太阳能应用[M].陕西科学出版社，2001.
[5]张耀明，采集太阳光的照明系统[M].中国工程科学,2002,4,63-68
[6]戚淑纯,薛冰洋,蒋国勇.太阳光采集器综述[J].太阳能,2002,7:32-35.
[7]李敏.太阳光照明的关键技术研究[D].硕士学位论文.重庆大学,2008.
[8]余海.太阳能利用综述及提高其利用率的途径[J].新能源研究与利用，2004,7(3):34-37.
[9]陈维,李戬洪.太阳能利用中的跟踪控制方式的研究[J].新能源工艺,2003,3:18-21.
[10]何勇,王生泽.光电传感器及其应用.[M]化学工业出版社,2004.183-203
[11]刘灵芝,李戬洪.复合抛物面聚光器(CPC)光学分析研究[J].能源技术,2006,4(27):52-56
[12]葛新石,叶宏.复合抛物聚光器(CPC)特性[J].太阳能，2001,4:20-21
[13]王健全,沈文粹,顾畹仪.光纤性能分析研究[J]光纤光缆,2004,10:58-60HE.Y, MONDAL.S.K, SHI.F.G, Design optimization of wedge-shaped lensed fibers
[14]for fiber-laser coupling:Fresnel reflection and non-Gaussian mode effects [J]. J LightwaveTechnol,2003,21(10):2271-2275. Solar Energy,(1999),65,3:159-170
[15] Feuermann D, Jeffrey M G. Solar fiber-optic mini-dishes: a new approach to the efficientcollection of sunlight.
[16] Jia Fuyun Ma Mianjun Sun Yanjie Wang Duoshu Guo Juntao Luo Chongtai Huang Liangfu.Optical Design and Optical Efficiency of Cylindrical Fresnel Lens for Solar Concentrator[J]. Chinese space science and Technology,2002,12(06):1-5
[17]张阔海.大功率Nd:YAG激光束光纤耦合技术研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京工业大学,2003.
[18]朴聪.张国玉.菲涅尔太阳能聚光镜的设计[J].应用光学,2011,(1):23-26
[19]杨齐民,王崇真,钟丽云,张文碧,冯薇.激光束与光纤耦合的研究[J].云南工业大学学报,1995,11(11):1-5.
[20]李湘宁.工程光学[M].科学出版社,2005.
[21] G.O. Schlegel, F.W. Burkholder, S.A. Klein, W.A. Beckman,B.D. Wood b, J.D. Muhs,Analysis of a full spectrum hybrid lighting system. G.O. Schlegel et al./Solar Energy76(2004)359–368
[22] Chi-Feng Chen, Chih-Hao Lin, Huang-Tzung Jan, Yun-Ling Yang, Design of a solarconcentrator combining paraboloidal and hyperbolic mirrors using ray tracing method.C.-F. Chen et al./Optics Communications282(2009)360–366
[23] C. Kandilli_, K. Ulgen, Review and modelling the systems of transmission concentratedsolar energy via optical fibres. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews13(2009)67–84
[24] Murat Tekelioglu, Byard D. Wood, Solar light transmission of polymer optical fibers. SolarEnergy83(2009)2039–2049
[25] Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University,, Solution to enhance the acceptability ofsolar-powered LED lighting technology Ramchandra Pode. Renewable and SustainableEnergy Reviews14(2010)1096–1103
[26] Gerd Keiser.光纤通信[M].李玉权，崔敏，蒲涛译.电子工业出版社，2002：178-182.
[27]高伟霞,孙长伟,常晶晶,于荣金.光纤太阳光照明系统中聚光装置的设计[J].2008(9):808-811
[28]郝中骐,刘莉.太阳能光纤照明系统在节能型城市建设中的应用.宜春学院学报.2011(8):61-63
[29]张涵.光纤通信技术与光纤传输系统的分析与探讨.科技创新导报.2011(1):38-39
[30]薛晓迪,郑宏飞,马燕燕,胡振华.一种新型光纤导光照明系统的性能研究[J].2010(11):1322-1325
[31]江源,殷志东.光纤在太阳能系统中的应用[J].激光与光电子学进展2009.10:49-56
[32]卢颖,王勇亮,侯士豪,孙方义.基于Intel8254的运动平台数/模转换电路设计[J].现代电子技术.2011(13):142-144
[33]杨胜波,于春梅.使用8253/8254定时计数器测量脉冲量的软硬件实现方法[J].应用科技.2003(10):33-35
[34]卢建华.用8253/8254实现对事件发生次数的统计[J].武汉科技大学学报(自然科学版).2003(2):194-196
[36]贾策,杨明.Intel8254-2及其在微机化齿轮传动测量中的应用[J].机械与电子.1995,(5):12
[37]金革,虞孝麒.可编程计数器8254在核测量中的应用[J].核电子学与探测技术．2000(1)：15～16
[38]陈文涛,朱志坚.微机控制步进电机研究[J].电子与封装.2005(28):36-37
[39]范文鹏.基于PC的开放式数控系统的步进电机控制卡的研制与开发[D].硕士学位论文.浙江大学.2004.
[40]霍迎辉,陈宇翔.步进电机的微机和单片机控制[J].电机电器技术.2003(3):31-33
[41]肖金凤,扶文静,徐祖华,伍云政.步进电机控制系统的设计与实现[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版)2010(4):56-59
[42]霍迎辉,陈宇翔.步进电机的微机和单片机控制[J].电机技术.2005(1):8-10
[43]施广宏,石成英,韩华锋,孙引朝.基于微型计算机的步进电机控制系统设计[J].中国新通信.2010(7):73-76
[44]王晓明.电动机的单片机控制[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[45]庹朝永.步进电机驱动器的设计问题初探[J].湖南农机,2010,11:48-50
[46]冯静，张龙，刘先立.四象限太阳跟踪传感器的设计[J].新能源与新材料，2010，(4):12-15
[47]李翔.基于硅光电池的光电自动跟踪系统的实现[J].湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版),2006,(12):51-54
[48]曹莹瑜,黄民双,蒋力培,黄军芬.一种新颖的接触式光电焊缝跟踪传感器[J].电焊机,2008(2)：21-23
[49]张先富,苏丽秋,赵明富.智能光电传感器的原理与应用[J].工艺.技术.应用,2009,(4):54-56
[50]王彤.C语言在测量系与控制系统中的应用[M].机械工业出版社,2009.
[51]周明刚.基于VC++的步进电机控制方法[J].微特电机.2002(6):34-35
[52]邱红兵,韩峰.VisualC++在异步串行通信控制中的应用[J].计算机自动测量与控制.1999(4)
[53]于永彦.应用与设计基于VC++的AD/DA卡控制程序的设计[J].国外电子元器件2002（10）：32-33
[54]侯整风,胡军.VC++实现计算机并口的直接输入/输出[J].淮南工业学院学报2002Vol.22.2：33-34
[57]吴宗泽,高志.机械设计[M].高等教育出版社.2008
[58]张策.机械原理与机械设计[M].机械原理出版社.2010
[2]沈辉,曾祖勤.太阳能光伏发电技术[M].化学工业出版社，2005.
[3]王长贵,王斯成.太阳能光伏发电实用技术[M].化学工业出版社,2005.
[4]施玉川.太阳能应用[M].陕西科学出版社，2001.
[5]张耀明，采集太阳光的照明系统[M].中国工程科学,2002,4,63-68
[6]戚淑纯,薛冰洋,蒋国勇.太阳光采集器综述[J].太阳能,2002,7:32-35.
[7]李敏.太阳光照明的关键技术研究[D].硕士学位论文.重庆大学,2008.
[8]余海.太阳能利用综述及提高其利用率的途径[J].新能源研究与利用，2004,7(3):34-37.
[9]陈维,李戬洪.太阳能利用中的跟踪控制方式的研究[J].新能源工艺,2003,3:18-21.
[10]何勇,王生泽.光电传感器及其应用.[M]化学工业出版社,2004.183-203
[11]刘灵芝,李戬洪.复合抛物面聚光器(CPC)光学分析研究[J].能源技术,2006,4(27):52-56
[12]葛新石,叶宏.复合抛物聚光器(CPC)特性[J].太阳能，2001,4:20-21
[13]王健全,沈文粹,顾畹仪.光纤性能分析研究[J]光纤光缆,2004,10:58-60HE.Y, MONDAL.S.K, SHI.F.G, Design optimization of wedge-shaped lensed fibers
[14]for fiber-laser coupling:Fresnel reflection and non-Gaussian mode effects [J]. J LightwaveTechnol,2003,21(10):2271-2275. Solar Energy,(1999),65,3:159-170
[15] Feuermann D, Jeffrey M G. Solar fiber-optic mini-dishes: a new approach to the efficientcollection of sunlight.
[16] Jia Fuyun Ma Mianjun Sun Yanjie Wang Duoshu Guo Juntao Luo Chongtai Huang Liangfu.Optical Design and Optical Efficiency of Cylindrical Fresnel Lens for Solar Concentrator[J]. Chinese space science and Technology,2002,12(06):1-5
[17]张阔海.大功率Nd:YAG激光束光纤耦合技术研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京工业大学,2003.
[18]朴聪.张国玉.菲涅尔太阳能聚光镜的设计[J].应用光学,2011,(1):23-26
[19]杨齐民,王崇真,钟丽云,张文碧,冯薇.激光束与光纤耦合的研究[J].云南工业大学学报,1995,11(11):1-5.
[20]李湘宁.工程光学[M].科学出版社,2005.
[21] G.O. Schlegel, F.W. Burkholder, S.A. Klein, W.A. Beckman,B.D. Wood b, J.D. Muhs,Analysis of a full spectrum hybrid lighting system. G.O. Schlegel et al./Solar Energy76(2004)359–368
[22] Chi-Feng Chen, Chih-Hao Lin, Huang-Tzung Jan, Yun-Ling Yang, Design of a solarconcentrator combining paraboloidal and hyperbolic mirrors using ray tracing method.C.-F. Chen et al./Optics Communications282(2009)360–366
[23] C. Kandilli_, K. Ulgen, Review and modelling the systems of transmission concentratedsolar energy via optical fibres. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews13(2009)67–84
[24] Murat Tekelioglu, Byard D. Wood, Solar light transmission of polymer optical fibers. SolarEnergy83(2009)2039–2049
[25] Department of Physics, Kyung Hee University,, Solution to enhance the acceptability ofsolar-powered LED lighting technology Ramchandra Pode. Renewable and SustainableEnergy Reviews14(2010)1096–1103
[26] Gerd Keiser.光纤通信[M].李玉权，崔敏，蒲涛译.电子工业出版社，2002：178-182.
[27]高伟霞,孙长伟,常晶晶,于荣金.光纤太阳光照明系统中聚光装置的设计[J].2008(9):808-811
[28]郝中骐,刘莉.太阳能光纤照明系统在节能型城市建设中的应用.宜春学院学报.2011(8):61-63
[29]张涵.光纤通信技术与光纤传输系统的分析与探讨.科技创新导报.2011(1):38-39
[30]薛晓迪,郑宏飞,马燕燕,胡振华.一种新型光纤导光照明系统的性能研究[J].2010(11):1322-1325
[31]江源,殷志东.光纤在太阳能系统中的应用[J].激光与光电子学进展2009.10:49-56
[32]卢颖,王勇亮,侯士豪,孙方义.基于Intel8254的运动平台数/模转换电路设计[J].现代电子技术.2011(13):142-144
[33]杨胜波,于春梅.使用8253/8254定时计数器测量脉冲量的软硬件实现方法[J].应用科技.2003(10):33-35
[34]卢建华.用8253/8254实现对事件发生次数的统计[J].武汉科技大学学报(自然科学版).2003(2):194-196
[36]贾策,杨明.Intel8254-2及其在微机化齿轮传动测量中的应用[J].机械与电子.1995,(5):12
[37]金革,虞孝麒.可编程计数器8254在核测量中的应用[J].核电子学与探测技术．2000(1)：15～16
[38]陈文涛,朱志坚.微机控制步进电机研究[J].电子与封装.2005(28):36-37
[39]范文鹏.基于PC的开放式数控系统的步进电机控制卡的研制与开发[D].硕士学位论文.浙江大学.2004.
[40]霍迎辉,陈宇翔.步进电机的微机和单片机控制[J].电机电器技术.2003(3):31-33
[41]肖金凤,扶文静,徐祖华,伍云政.步进电机控制系统的设计与实现[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版)2010(4):56-59
[42]霍迎辉,陈宇翔.步进电机的微机和单片机控制[J].电机技术.2005(1):8-10
[43]施广宏,石成英,韩华锋,孙引朝.基于微型计算机的步进电机控制系统设计[J].中国新通信.2010(7):73-76
[44]王晓明.电动机的单片机控制[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[45]庹朝永.步进电机驱动器的设计问题初探[J].湖南农机,2010,11:48-50
[46]冯静，张龙，刘先立.四象限太阳跟踪传感器的设计[J].新能源与新材料，2010，(4):12-15
[47]李翔.基于硅光电池的光电自动跟踪系统的实现[J].湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版),2006,(12):51-54
[48]曹莹瑜,黄民双,蒋力培,黄军芬.一种新颖的接触式光电焊缝跟踪传感器[J].电焊机,2008(2)：21-23
[49]张先富,苏丽秋,赵明富.智能光电传感器的原理与应用[J].工艺.技术.应用,2009,(4):54-56
[50]王彤.C语言在测量系与控制系统中的应用[M].机械工业出版社,2009.
[51]周明刚.基于VC++的步进电机控制方法[J].微特电机.2002(6):34-35
[52]邱红兵,韩峰.VisualC++在异步串行通信控制中的应用[J].计算机自动测量与控制.1999(4)
[53]于永彦.应用与设计基于VC++的AD/DA卡控制程序的设计[J].国外电子元器件2002（10）：32-33
[54]侯整风,胡军.VC++实现计算机并口的直接输入/输出[J].淮南工业学院学报2002Vol.22.2：33-34
[57]吴宗泽,高志.机械设计[M].高等教育出版社.2008
[58]张策.机械原理与机械设计[M].机械原理出版社.2010
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |