基于10kV固态切换开关（SSTS）的阀控系统研究
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摘要
随着中国经济的不断发展和科学技术的进步,我国在总的用电量不断增长的同时,非线性和冲击性负荷的应用也都在不断增加,这些负荷的使用会严重污染电能质量,目前公用电网中的敏感负载还有高科技设备数量都在不断增加,它们对电能质量又提出了更高的要求,此外,对于一些使用精密仪器的企业,电压波动、电压暂降这些问题甚至可能使生产中断而导致经济损失,这些电能质量问题都有待解决。
本文研究的内容是基于中电普瑞科技有限公司的科研项目——10kV固态切换开关(SSTS),它集合了光纤通讯技术、微处理器技术和大功率电力电子技术等,主要用来实现对于敏感负载的不间断供电,它有效地解决了由于电压暂降和瞬时断电等原因造成设备工作异常。
固态切换开关的阀控系统是整个固态切换开关装置各个部分之间实现信息传递互通的桥梁,直接影响着整套设备的正常工作,因此对它的研究有很重要的意义。
本文基于固态切换开关的整体拓扑结构、工作原理、切换策略以及系统接入要求的分析,提出了晶闸管阀原件的选型以及阀体的设计；对晶闸管阀的触发系统进行了设计,包括对触发方式的选型并且提出一种新的晶闸管电子板(Thyristor Electronics,简称TE板)供能方式一高频脉冲电源供能；对晶闸管电子板(TE板)、阀基电子设备(Valve Base Electronic,简称VBE)的光入、光出板进行了硬件设计。TE板的设计包括稳压滤波模块设计、电平转换模块设计、光信号发射和接收模块设计、功率放大模块设计等；VBE的光入和光出板的设计主要包括光信号发射和接收模块设计、电平转换模块设计、时钟和分频电路设计以及芯片的选择。
在硬件电路的基础上,根据装置阀体和快速开关的结构以及功能,并且结合装置主控制器,对VBE单元光入和光出板的功能和板卡之间的配合进行了设计,编写了VBE单元光入和光出板卡的程序和部分CPU板卡程序。
在论文的最后给出了装置的运行结果,并且对结果进行了分析,表明阀控系统的可行性,达到了改善电能质量的目的。
With the development of China's economy and science, electricity consumption in our country becomes larger and larger,meanwhile impact and non-linear loads grow continually.These loads bring serious pollution to power quality.Now,amount of sensitive loads and high-tech products are growing in power system,they have higher requirement on power quality.In addition,voltage fluctuations and voltage dips may even interrupy production in erterprises use precision instruments.All these power quality problems are to be resolved.
The research and analysis are made on the basis of science and technology project of Solid State Transfer Switch(SSTS),which is charged by China EPRI Science and Technology CO_LTD.It is based fiber-optical communication,micro-processor and so on.SSTS is used to supply uninterrupted power for loads,it can deal with the power quality problems such as voltage dips,instantaneous power failure and so on.
The control system of valve is the bridge of various parts for information transmission, performance impacts the whole equipment,so it has great significance to studying the control system of valve.
This paper analyzes the topology,working principle,switching strategy and power system requirement for SSTS.Based on this principle,component selection method and the design of thyristor valve is put forward,The design of trigger system includes the selecting of the trigger mode,in the paper,a new way of energy supply of thyristor electronics boards are proposed,that is high frequency pulse power.
The design achieves the monitoring function,for instance,the design of thyristor electronics boards,the design of optical receiver and emission boards of valve base electronic(VBE),the design of CPU of VBE.The design of thyristor electronics boards includes regulator filter circuit design,level converter module design,optical signal receiver and transmitter module design,power amplifier circuit and so on.the design of optical receiver and emission boards of VBE includes optical signal receiver and transmitter module design,level converter module design,the design of clock circuit and the choice of chips.In the design of CPU,the work involves the design of interface circuit of JTAG simulation,expanded circuit of external memory and hardware interface circuit of CAN controller.Finally the program of optical transmitter and receiver boards and CPU are presented in the paper.
At the end of the paper,the experimental results are presented to show the feasibility of the control system,so SSTS can improve power quality.
本文研究的内容是基于中电普瑞科技有限公司的科研项目——10kV固态切换开关(SSTS),它集合了光纤通讯技术、微处理器技术和大功率电力电子技术等,主要用来实现对于敏感负载的不间断供电,它有效地解决了由于电压暂降和瞬时断电等原因造成设备工作异常。
固态切换开关的阀控系统是整个固态切换开关装置各个部分之间实现信息传递互通的桥梁,直接影响着整套设备的正常工作,因此对它的研究有很重要的意义。
本文基于固态切换开关的整体拓扑结构、工作原理、切换策略以及系统接入要求的分析,提出了晶闸管阀原件的选型以及阀体的设计；对晶闸管阀的触发系统进行了设计,包括对触发方式的选型并且提出一种新的晶闸管电子板(Thyristor Electronics,简称TE板)供能方式一高频脉冲电源供能；对晶闸管电子板(TE板)、阀基电子设备(Valve Base Electronic,简称VBE)的光入、光出板进行了硬件设计。TE板的设计包括稳压滤波模块设计、电平转换模块设计、光信号发射和接收模块设计、功率放大模块设计等；VBE的光入和光出板的设计主要包括光信号发射和接收模块设计、电平转换模块设计、时钟和分频电路设计以及芯片的选择。
在硬件电路的基础上,根据装置阀体和快速开关的结构以及功能,并且结合装置主控制器,对VBE单元光入和光出板的功能和板卡之间的配合进行了设计,编写了VBE单元光入和光出板卡的程序和部分CPU板卡程序。
在论文的最后给出了装置的运行结果,并且对结果进行了分析,表明阀控系统的可行性,达到了改善电能质量的目的。
With the development of China's economy and science, electricity consumption in our country becomes larger and larger,meanwhile impact and non-linear loads grow continually.These loads bring serious pollution to power quality.Now,amount of sensitive loads and high-tech products are growing in power system,they have higher requirement on power quality.In addition,voltage fluctuations and voltage dips may even interrupy production in erterprises use precision instruments.All these power quality problems are to be resolved.
The research and analysis are made on the basis of science and technology project of Solid State Transfer Switch(SSTS),which is charged by China EPRI Science and Technology CO_LTD.It is based fiber-optical communication,micro-processor and so on.SSTS is used to supply uninterrupted power for loads,it can deal with the power quality problems such as voltage dips,instantaneous power failure and so on.
The control system of valve is the bridge of various parts for information transmission, performance impacts the whole equipment,so it has great significance to studying the control system of valve.
This paper analyzes the topology,working principle,switching strategy and power system requirement for SSTS.Based on this principle,component selection method and the design of thyristor valve is put forward,The design of trigger system includes the selecting of the trigger mode,in the paper,a new way of energy supply of thyristor electronics boards are proposed,that is high frequency pulse power.
The design achieves the monitoring function,for instance,the design of thyristor electronics boards,the design of optical receiver and emission boards of valve base electronic(VBE),the design of CPU of VBE.The design of thyristor electronics boards includes regulator filter circuit design,level converter module design,optical signal receiver and transmitter module design,power amplifier circuit and so on.the design of optical receiver and emission boards of VBE includes optical signal receiver and transmitter module design,level converter module design,the design of clock circuit and the choice of chips.In the design of CPU,the work involves the design of interface circuit of JTAG simulation,expanded circuit of external memory and hardware interface circuit of CAN controller.Finally the program of optical transmitter and receiver boards and CPU are presented in the paper.
At the end of the paper,the experimental results are presented to show the feasibility of the control system,so SSTS can improve power quality.
引文
[1]肖湘宁,徐永梅.电能质量问题剖析[J],电网技术.2001,25(3)：66-69.
[2]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题[J],电网技术,2001,25(10)：5-12.
[3]和巍,林涛,崔一铂.电能质量分析与控制策略综述,陕西电力,2008：41-45.
[4]段天明.电能质量分析与控制技术,科技咨询,2006.
[5]Chowdhury B. H. Power quality. IEEE Potentials April/May 2001,20(2):5-11
[6]朱桂萍,王树民.电能质量控制技术综述,电力系统自动化,2002,26(19)：28-31.
[7]胡建安.现代电能质量控制技术及发展[J],企业技术开发,2011,,30(7)：40-41.
[8]赵逸众,肖湘宁,姜旭.现代电能质量检测技术的发展动态,电气技术,2006.
[9]徐永梅,肖湘宁.电力市场环境下的电能质量问题,电网技术,2004,28(22)：48-52.
[10]赵富强.电能质量劣化的原因、危害及分析,科技信息,2010.
[11]姚金坤.现代企业的电能质量非常重要,电气工程应用,2008.
[12]卜凡鹏.固态切换开关SSTS的研究[学位论文],北京：北京交通大学,2011.
[13]汤广福,张文涛.定制电力技术,电力电子,2004,1(6)：20-25.
[14]王松岑,汤广福,于坤山,郑健超.新型中压固态切换开关的研究[J],电网技术,2006,30：311-315.
[15]Chan K, Kara A, Kieboom G. Power Quality Iprovement with Solid State Transfer Swiches(A), The 8th international Conference on Harmonics and Qualitu of Power[C], Athens Greece,1998.
[16]刘志良.固态切换开关SSTS在化工企业配供电系统中的应用,电力科学与工程,2011,27：(4)68-71.
[17]李金元,赵国亮,赵波,张柯,黄杰.固态切换开关强迫策略研究,大功率变流技术,2011.
[18]王松岑,于坤山,汤广福.10kV固态切换开关的研制,电力电子技术,2008,42(3)37-38，56.
[19]ABB. The datasheet of 5STP 12K6500[EB/OL]. http://search.abb.com/library/download.aspx?documentid=5sya1056&languagecode =en&documentpartid=&action=launch.
[20]延汇文、邱阿瑞,刘玉伟.晶闸管的光纤触发技术,电力电子技术,2008,37(3)86-87.
[21]范彩云、何青莲、马俊民、李生林.基于晶闸管的中压固态开关触发技术,自动化应用,2011,25-27.
[22]李鹏、刘岩、李文利.一种TSC型SVC中晶闸管高频送能系统的研究,电力电子技术,2011,16-18.
[23]柴斌,袁宏亮.静止无功补偿装置用品闸管阀电子板取能方式的研究[J],电力电子,2009,5：13-15.
[24]任孟干.高压阀光电触发与在线检测系统的应用[学位论文],北京：中国电力科学研究院,2002,26-29.
[25]胡琛.高压电流互感器在线校验系统二次信号数字化技术[学位论文],武汉：华中 科技大学,2009,23-26.
[26]陈伟卿.光纤简易传输装置的设计[J],湖南科技学院学报,2009,30(4)：68-69.
[27]卜凡鹏.固态切换开关SSTS的研究[学位论文],北京：北京交通大学,2011,12-29.
[28]邬宽明.CAN总线原理和应用系统设计[M],北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.
[29]刘滏, 罗惠琼.CAN总线综述[J],福建电脑,2006,4：26-27.
[30]孙磊.基于CAN总线的船用灯光控制系统的设计和实现[学位论文],哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学,2008.
[31]李旭.0槽VXI内嵌式控制机硬件设计[学位论文],成都：电子科技大学,2000.
[32]高大勇.基于DSP的压电式六维加速度传感器的信号采集与处理技术的研究[学位论文],重庆：重庆大学,2009,38-45.
[33]尹勇,欧光军等.DSP集成开发环境CCS使用指南[M],北京：航空航大大学出版社,2003.
[34]陈听静.基于CAN总线分布式电机故障诊断系统平台的研究与实现[学位论文],江南大学,2007,43-51.
[35]陈浩平,王耀南,徐华等.CAN总线技术在CFAti470型混合动力汽车中的应用[J],电子工程师,2003,36-39.
[36]常宏,樊波,薛均义.现场总线中三种基本通讯模式的分析[J],电工技术杂志,2001,6,19-21.
[37]蒋任重,盛伯浩,罗振壁,赵宏林.快速重组制造系统分布式控制结构研究[J],制造技术与机床,2002,8,12-14.
[2]林海雪.现代电能质量的基本问题[J],电网技术,2001,25(10)：5-12.
[3]和巍,林涛,崔一铂.电能质量分析与控制策略综述,陕西电力,2008：41-45.
[4]段天明.电能质量分析与控制技术,科技咨询,2006.
[5]Chowdhury B. H. Power quality. IEEE Potentials April/May 2001,20(2):5-11
[6]朱桂萍,王树民.电能质量控制技术综述,电力系统自动化,2002,26(19)：28-31.
[7]胡建安.现代电能质量控制技术及发展[J],企业技术开发,2011,,30(7)：40-41.
[8]赵逸众,肖湘宁,姜旭.现代电能质量检测技术的发展动态,电气技术,2006.
[9]徐永梅,肖湘宁.电力市场环境下的电能质量问题,电网技术,2004,28(22)：48-52.
[10]赵富强.电能质量劣化的原因、危害及分析,科技信息,2010.
[11]姚金坤.现代企业的电能质量非常重要,电气工程应用,2008.
[12]卜凡鹏.固态切换开关SSTS的研究[学位论文],北京：北京交通大学,2011.
[13]汤广福,张文涛.定制电力技术,电力电子,2004,1(6)：20-25.
[14]王松岑,汤广福,于坤山,郑健超.新型中压固态切换开关的研究[J],电网技术,2006,30：311-315.
[15]Chan K, Kara A, Kieboom G. Power Quality Iprovement with Solid State Transfer Swiches(A), The 8th international Conference on Harmonics and Qualitu of Power[C], Athens Greece,1998.
[16]刘志良.固态切换开关SSTS在化工企业配供电系统中的应用,电力科学与工程,2011,27：(4)68-71.
[17]李金元,赵国亮,赵波,张柯,黄杰.固态切换开关强迫策略研究,大功率变流技术,2011.
[18]王松岑,于坤山,汤广福.10kV固态切换开关的研制,电力电子技术,2008,42(3)37-38，56.
[19]ABB. The datasheet of 5STP 12K6500[EB/OL]. http://search.abb.com/library/download.aspx?documentid=5sya1056&languagecode =en&documentpartid=&action=launch.
[20]延汇文、邱阿瑞,刘玉伟.晶闸管的光纤触发技术,电力电子技术,2008,37(3)86-87.
[21]范彩云、何青莲、马俊民、李生林.基于晶闸管的中压固态开关触发技术,自动化应用,2011,25-27.
[22]李鹏、刘岩、李文利.一种TSC型SVC中晶闸管高频送能系统的研究,电力电子技术,2011,16-18.
[23]柴斌,袁宏亮.静止无功补偿装置用品闸管阀电子板取能方式的研究[J],电力电子,2009,5：13-15.
[24]任孟干.高压阀光电触发与在线检测系统的应用[学位论文],北京：中国电力科学研究院,2002,26-29.
[25]胡琛.高压电流互感器在线校验系统二次信号数字化技术[学位论文],武汉：华中 科技大学,2009,23-26.
[26]陈伟卿.光纤简易传输装置的设计[J],湖南科技学院学报,2009,30(4)：68-69.
[27]卜凡鹏.固态切换开关SSTS的研究[学位论文],北京：北京交通大学,2011,12-29.
[28]邬宽明.CAN总线原理和应用系统设计[M],北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.
[29]刘滏, 罗惠琼.CAN总线综述[J],福建电脑,2006,4：26-27.
[30]孙磊.基于CAN总线的船用灯光控制系统的设计和实现[学位论文],哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学,2008.
[31]李旭.0槽VXI内嵌式控制机硬件设计[学位论文],成都：电子科技大学,2000.
[32]高大勇.基于DSP的压电式六维加速度传感器的信号采集与处理技术的研究[学位论文],重庆：重庆大学,2009,38-45.
[33]尹勇,欧光军等.DSP集成开发环境CCS使用指南[M],北京：航空航大大学出版社,2003.
[34]陈听静.基于CAN总线分布式电机故障诊断系统平台的研究与实现[学位论文],江南大学,2007,43-51.
[35]陈浩平,王耀南,徐华等.CAN总线技术在CFAti470型混合动力汽车中的应用[J],电子工程师,2003,36-39.
[36]常宏,樊波,薛均义.现场总线中三种基本通讯模式的分析[J],电工技术杂志,2001,6,19-21.
[37]蒋任重,盛伯浩,罗振壁,赵宏林.快速重组制造系统分布式控制结构研究[J],制造技术与机床,2002,8,12-14.
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