广西大容山旺冲花岗质超单元地质地球化学特征与成因
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摘要
目前，一般认为广西大容山花岗岩体为形成于三叠纪的典型S型花岗岩，并据此推断该区当时为同碰撞或后碰撞构造环境。但前人对该区可能形成稍早、且具有微粒镁铁质包体的旺冲超单元花岗岩体尚未开展过详细的研究，从而影响了对该区构造-岩浆演化全貌的正确认识。因此，本文选取广西大容山地区旺冲超单元花岗岩寄主岩及微细粒镁铁质包体（MME）为主要研究对象，通过对其精确年代、地质地球化学特征的研究，探讨其岩石成因、形成的构造环境。
旺冲超单元复式岩体产于灵山—藤县断裂带上，呈北东向展布，分布于兴业县东山林场、旺冲一带，出露面积56.2km2，主要由天井冲单元中粗粒角闪黑云母钾长花岗岩、大碗山单元中细粒似斑状角闪黑云钾长花岗岩、墨窖口单元多斑状角闪黑云二长花岗斑岩等单元组成。测得SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为254±3Ma。寄主岩具有富硅（SiO2为71.22%-74.71%）、富碱（Na_2O+K_2O为6.52%-7.90%）、贫Ca、Mg，TFeO/MgO比值较高的特点，主要为准过铝到弱过铝（A/CNK为0.972-1.123），10000Ga/Al值较高，稀土总量（ΣREE）中等偏低，轻稀土分异明显，重稀土分异不明显，具有较强的负Eu异常（δEu为0.27-0.48），明显富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、Pb大离子亲石元素（LILE）和高场强元素Zr、Hf、Ga，亏损Ta、Nb、Sr、Ti、P等元素。
微细粒镁铁质包体中常见具有暗色镶边的眼斑状石英、长石的熔蚀再生边，以及针状磷灰石等岩浆混合包体的典型特征。在多元素的共分母比值-比值图解上，寄主岩与微细粒镁铁质包体样品呈良好的线性关系；在多元素不共分子也不共分母的比值-比值图和多元素共分子比值-比值图解上，寄主岩与镁铁质包体样品构成良好的双曲线变异关系。寄主岩和包体具相近的Sr，Nd同位素组成，ISr值为0.71194-0.71598，εNd（t）为-9.0—-10.8，T2DM值为1754Ma-1867Ma。ISr值要低于、而εNd（t）高于十万大山典型S型花岗岩（ISr为0.7215-0.7295，εNd（t）为-13.0—-9.9），也表明以壳源为主的岩浆中混入了幔源岩浆物质。
旺冲超单元花岗岩体属铝质A型花岗岩。在形成构造环境判别图解中，多落入板内区，根据地球化学特征、岩体自身构造特征及区域构造背景等多方面的综合分析，认为其形成于后造山的拉张构造环境。
根据此次构造-岩浆-变质事件主要沿华南板块与印支-南海板块缝合带及其南侧主动盘分布的特点，认为其动力学机制为后造山山根垮塌、软流圈的上涌，引起岩石圈的明显伸展减薄及减压、增温，导致部分熔融作用形成玄武质岩浆的底侵作用，进而引发地壳岩石的高温-超高温变质作用以及部分熔融作用。
Presently, the granitoid intrusives in Darongshan area are generallyacknowledged as typical S-type granites formed in the Triassic period. And theresearchers inferred that the Triassic tectonic setting of this area was syn-collision orpost-collision. But so far, the Wangchong granitic super unit, which maybe formedearlier and had mafic microgranular enclaves, has not yet been researched in detail,which affect to get a complete picture of the tectono-magmatic evolution of this area.So, this paper take the granite and mafic microgranular enclaves (MME) of GuangxiWangchong super unit granite rockmass for the research subject, through petrologyand geochemistry characteristics, to discuss the genesis, the formation of rockstectonic environment and magma mixing.
In Guangxi province, Wangchong super unit granite rockmass, with outcroppedtotal area of56.2km2, distributed NE and along the Lingshan-Tengxian deep faultzone. It is composed of medium-coarse grained hornblende biotite K-feldspar graniteof Tianjingchong unit, medium-fine grained porphyritic hornblende biotite K-feldspargranite of Dawanshan unit and granite porphyry of Mojiaokou unit. The zirconSHRIMP U-Pb age is254±3Ma. The granite show a large variation in their SiO2contents (SiO2content of71.22%-74.71%), alkali-rich (Na2O+K2O6.52%-7.90%),poor of Ca and Mg, higher TFeO/MgO, metaluminous to weakly peraluminous (A/CNK0.972to1.123), with high10000×Ga/Al values. The total of REE islower-middle, the pattern display right-inclined, light rare earth elements fractionationobvious but heavy are not, and obvious negative Eu anomaly (δEu=0.27-0.48). Thesuper unit are obviously enrich Rb、Ba、Th、U、Pb (LILE) and Zr、Hf、Ga (HFSE),depleted in elements Ta、Nb、Sr、Ti.
Typical characteristics of magma mixing enclaves commonly appear ocelliquartz with dark-rimmed, ablation-regeneration edge of feldspar and acicular apatite. In the same denominator of multi-elements ratio-ratio diagram, granite and MMEwithin a good linear relationship; in the different molecular and different denominatorof multi-elements ratio-ratio diagram, there show a good hyperbolic relationship. TheMME have a similar relationship with granite rockmass in composition of Sr, Ndisotope,(87Sr/86Sr)iis0.71194-0.71598, εNd(t) is-9.0--10.8, T2DM1754Ma-1867Ma,ISrlower and εNd(t) higher than Shiwan mountain typical S-type granite. This factindicate that magma mainly with cruse-sourced mixed with mantle-sourced magma.
The granites rockmass of Wangchong super unit belongs to aluminum A-typegranites. In diagram of tectonic discrimination, most of the samples are drop-inintraplate zone (Post-orogenic stage subordinate to intraplate tectonic environment),formed in Post-orogenic setting. Integrated geological, geochemical data as well as itsstructural features and Regional tectonic setting also suggest that formed in apost-orogenic extensional tectonic setting.
According to the characteristic which tectonic-magma-metamophism event alongthe distribution of South China plate and Yangtze plate suture zone and south activeside of Yangtze plate, repute that dynamics mechanism is collapsed of mountain rootduring post-orogenic, upwelling of the asthenosphere, which cause lithosphereextension, thinning, decompression and warming, resulted of basaltic magmaunderplating formed in partial melting. The tectonism leads to high temperature-ultrahigh temperature metamorphism of crustal rock and partial melting.
旺冲超单元复式岩体产于灵山—藤县断裂带上，呈北东向展布，分布于兴业县东山林场、旺冲一带，出露面积56.2km2，主要由天井冲单元中粗粒角闪黑云母钾长花岗岩、大碗山单元中细粒似斑状角闪黑云钾长花岗岩、墨窖口单元多斑状角闪黑云二长花岗斑岩等单元组成。测得SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为254±3Ma。寄主岩具有富硅（SiO2为71.22%-74.71%）、富碱（Na_2O+K_2O为6.52%-7.90%）、贫Ca、Mg，TFeO/MgO比值较高的特点，主要为准过铝到弱过铝（A/CNK为0.972-1.123），10000Ga/Al值较高，稀土总量（ΣREE）中等偏低，轻稀土分异明显，重稀土分异不明显，具有较强的负Eu异常（δEu为0.27-0.48），明显富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、Pb大离子亲石元素（LILE）和高场强元素Zr、Hf、Ga，亏损Ta、Nb、Sr、Ti、P等元素。
微细粒镁铁质包体中常见具有暗色镶边的眼斑状石英、长石的熔蚀再生边，以及针状磷灰石等岩浆混合包体的典型特征。在多元素的共分母比值-比值图解上，寄主岩与微细粒镁铁质包体样品呈良好的线性关系；在多元素不共分子也不共分母的比值-比值图和多元素共分子比值-比值图解上，寄主岩与镁铁质包体样品构成良好的双曲线变异关系。寄主岩和包体具相近的Sr，Nd同位素组成，ISr值为0.71194-0.71598，εNd（t）为-9.0—-10.8，T2DM值为1754Ma-1867Ma。ISr值要低于、而εNd（t）高于十万大山典型S型花岗岩（ISr为0.7215-0.7295，εNd（t）为-13.0—-9.9），也表明以壳源为主的岩浆中混入了幔源岩浆物质。
旺冲超单元花岗岩体属铝质A型花岗岩。在形成构造环境判别图解中，多落入板内区，根据地球化学特征、岩体自身构造特征及区域构造背景等多方面的综合分析，认为其形成于后造山的拉张构造环境。
根据此次构造-岩浆-变质事件主要沿华南板块与印支-南海板块缝合带及其南侧主动盘分布的特点，认为其动力学机制为后造山山根垮塌、软流圈的上涌，引起岩石圈的明显伸展减薄及减压、增温，导致部分熔融作用形成玄武质岩浆的底侵作用，进而引发地壳岩石的高温-超高温变质作用以及部分熔融作用。
Presently, the granitoid intrusives in Darongshan area are generallyacknowledged as typical S-type granites formed in the Triassic period. And theresearchers inferred that the Triassic tectonic setting of this area was syn-collision orpost-collision. But so far, the Wangchong granitic super unit, which maybe formedearlier and had mafic microgranular enclaves, has not yet been researched in detail,which affect to get a complete picture of the tectono-magmatic evolution of this area.So, this paper take the granite and mafic microgranular enclaves (MME) of GuangxiWangchong super unit granite rockmass for the research subject, through petrologyand geochemistry characteristics, to discuss the genesis, the formation of rockstectonic environment and magma mixing.
In Guangxi province, Wangchong super unit granite rockmass, with outcroppedtotal area of56.2km2, distributed NE and along the Lingshan-Tengxian deep faultzone. It is composed of medium-coarse grained hornblende biotite K-feldspar graniteof Tianjingchong unit, medium-fine grained porphyritic hornblende biotite K-feldspargranite of Dawanshan unit and granite porphyry of Mojiaokou unit. The zirconSHRIMP U-Pb age is254±3Ma. The granite show a large variation in their SiO2contents (SiO2content of71.22%-74.71%), alkali-rich (Na2O+K2O6.52%-7.90%),poor of Ca and Mg, higher TFeO/MgO, metaluminous to weakly peraluminous (A/CNK0.972to1.123), with high10000×Ga/Al values. The total of REE islower-middle, the pattern display right-inclined, light rare earth elements fractionationobvious but heavy are not, and obvious negative Eu anomaly (δEu=0.27-0.48). Thesuper unit are obviously enrich Rb、Ba、Th、U、Pb (LILE) and Zr、Hf、Ga (HFSE),depleted in elements Ta、Nb、Sr、Ti.
Typical characteristics of magma mixing enclaves commonly appear ocelliquartz with dark-rimmed, ablation-regeneration edge of feldspar and acicular apatite. In the same denominator of multi-elements ratio-ratio diagram, granite and MMEwithin a good linear relationship; in the different molecular and different denominatorof multi-elements ratio-ratio diagram, there show a good hyperbolic relationship. TheMME have a similar relationship with granite rockmass in composition of Sr, Ndisotope,(87Sr/86Sr)iis0.71194-0.71598, εNd(t) is-9.0--10.8, T2DM1754Ma-1867Ma,ISrlower and εNd(t) higher than Shiwan mountain typical S-type granite. This factindicate that magma mainly with cruse-sourced mixed with mantle-sourced magma.
The granites rockmass of Wangchong super unit belongs to aluminum A-typegranites. In diagram of tectonic discrimination, most of the samples are drop-inintraplate zone (Post-orogenic stage subordinate to intraplate tectonic environment),formed in Post-orogenic setting. Integrated geological, geochemical data as well as itsstructural features and Regional tectonic setting also suggest that formed in apost-orogenic extensional tectonic setting.
According to the characteristic which tectonic-magma-metamophism event alongthe distribution of South China plate and Yangtze plate suture zone and south activeside of Yangtze plate, repute that dynamics mechanism is collapsed of mountain rootduring post-orogenic, upwelling of the asthenosphere, which cause lithosphereextension, thinning, decompression and warming, resulted of basaltic magmaunderplating formed in partial melting. The tectonism leads to high temperature-ultrahigh temperature metamorphism of crustal rock and partial melting.
引文
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