近断层脉冲型地震作用下层间隔震结构的地震响应分析
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摘要
在常规地震作用下,隔震结构能够取得良好的隔震效果,但是近断层脉冲型地震动会给结构带来不利的影响。目前,对基础隔震结构的研究主要是针对常规地震,近断层脉冲型地震动对基础隔震结构的影响也有了一定的研究。而层间隔震结构作为一种新型隔震体系,对它的研究仅局限于常规地震,缺乏近断层脉冲型地震动作用下层间隔震结构的响应分析。随着层间隔震结构的不断发展,研究近断层脉冲型地震动作用下层间隔震结构的响应及可能产生的不利影响,对工程结构的地震防护有着十分重要的现实意义,这也对丰富和完善隔震理论有着重要的促进作用。本文以铅芯橡胶隔震支座(LRB)隔震结构为对象,做了以下几方面研究:
(1)建立了层间隔震结构的动力分析模型,并给出了该模型在地震作用下的时程分析方法。
(2)利用有限元分析软件SAP2000建立了一座七层框架结构的有限元模型,研究了隔震层水平刚度、阻尼和位置等参数对减震效果的影响,并分析了不同隔震层组合下双层隔震结构的隔震效果。
(3)在对已有的等效速度脉冲模型进行对比分析后,选择了一种适合土木工程结构进行参数研究的更为简洁的等效速度脉冲模型,并在此基础上给出了更为合理的人工合成近断层脉冲型地震动的方法。
(4)依据所提出的方法,使用Matlab软件自编程序人工合成了近断层脉冲型地震波,并与常规地震作用下单层和多层层间隔震结构的地震响应进行了对比分析。
Isolated structure shows excellent Performance in effectively reducing the damage resulted from the common ground motion; however behaves poorly under near-fault ground motion. At present, most of research related to the base-isolated structrues is based upon the common ground motion, there is also some investigation into the effect of near-fault ground motion; The story isolation structure is a new type of isolation system, the research is limited to common ground motion; however there is no study on the seismic respanse of story isolation buildings under near-fault pulse-like ground motions. With the develop of story isolation structure, it is necessary to study the the seismic respanse of story isolation buildings and the possible adverse effects under near-fault pulse-like ground motions, it also enriched and improved Isolation Theory. In this paper, isolated structure with lead rubber bearings (LRB) is selected as research object, and the study includes the following aspects:
(1) Establishing the dynamic model of story isolation structure and dynamic analysis method.
(2) Built the finite element model of a seven-story frame structure using finite element analysis software SAP2000. Analyze the response of isolated single / double-isolated structures in different layers and combinations under common ground motion , and there is some comparative study on base-isolated and seismic structure.
(3) opted a more concise equivalent velocity pulse model for the parameters study of civil engineering structure after comparative study on existing equivalent velocity pulse models. and gives a more reasonable synthetic near-fault pulse-type ground motion method on this basis.
(4) Synthesized self near-fault pulse-type seismic waves by using the Matlab software program according to the proposed method, comparative study is carried out with single-layer and multi-layers story isolation structure.
(1)建立了层间隔震结构的动力分析模型,并给出了该模型在地震作用下的时程分析方法。
(2)利用有限元分析软件SAP2000建立了一座七层框架结构的有限元模型,研究了隔震层水平刚度、阻尼和位置等参数对减震效果的影响,并分析了不同隔震层组合下双层隔震结构的隔震效果。
(3)在对已有的等效速度脉冲模型进行对比分析后,选择了一种适合土木工程结构进行参数研究的更为简洁的等效速度脉冲模型,并在此基础上给出了更为合理的人工合成近断层脉冲型地震动的方法。
(4)依据所提出的方法,使用Matlab软件自编程序人工合成了近断层脉冲型地震波,并与常规地震作用下单层和多层层间隔震结构的地震响应进行了对比分析。
Isolated structure shows excellent Performance in effectively reducing the damage resulted from the common ground motion; however behaves poorly under near-fault ground motion. At present, most of research related to the base-isolated structrues is based upon the common ground motion, there is also some investigation into the effect of near-fault ground motion; The story isolation structure is a new type of isolation system, the research is limited to common ground motion; however there is no study on the seismic respanse of story isolation buildings under near-fault pulse-like ground motions. With the develop of story isolation structure, it is necessary to study the the seismic respanse of story isolation buildings and the possible adverse effects under near-fault pulse-like ground motions, it also enriched and improved Isolation Theory. In this paper, isolated structure with lead rubber bearings (LRB) is selected as research object, and the study includes the following aspects:
(1) Establishing the dynamic model of story isolation structure and dynamic analysis method.
(2) Built the finite element model of a seven-story frame structure using finite element analysis software SAP2000. Analyze the response of isolated single / double-isolated structures in different layers and combinations under common ground motion , and there is some comparative study on base-isolated and seismic structure.
(3) opted a more concise equivalent velocity pulse model for the parameters study of civil engineering structure after comparative study on existing equivalent velocity pulse models. and gives a more reasonable synthetic near-fault pulse-type ground motion method on this basis.
(4) Synthesized self near-fault pulse-type seismic waves by using the Matlab software program according to the proposed method, comparative study is carried out with single-layer and multi-layers story isolation structure.
引文
[1]徐忠跟,周福霖.汕头博物馆结构动力分析[J].世界地震工程,1996(2):33~36.
[2]李黎,李键,唐家祥,等.用隔震技术提高已有建筑的抗震能力[J].华中科技大学学报,2002, 19(1) : 68~72
[3]周福霖.工.程结构减震控制[M].地震出版社,1997.
[4]赵昕,叶德传,章萍,等.层间隔震房屋振动台试验与分析[J].东南大学学报,2002,32(增刊):365~368.
[5]沈俊华,高强华.屋面隔热板减震措施在加层结构中的应用研究[J].结构工程师,1997(2):30~33.
[6]马云舟,吴建桥.层间隔震技术在底层框架建筑中的应用[J].上海建设科技,1998
[7] Roberto Villaverde. Aseismic Roof Isolation System: Feasibility Study with 13-Story Building[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, February 2002.188~196.
[8]谢军龙,周福霖.多层房屋结构的TMD加层减震试验研究与应用[J].世界地震工程,1998,14(4):57~60.
[9]李向真,欧海龙,林舒等.层间隔震结构计算模型的简化分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(1):121~125.
[10] Sueoka T, Torii S, Tsuneki Y. The application of response control design using middle-story isolation systerm to high-rise building[C]. Proceedings of 13th WCEE Vancouver Canada. Paper No.3457. 2004
[11]李宏男,李忠献,祁皑等.结构振动与控制[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[12] Anil K Chopra. Dynamics of Structures [M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[13]白举科,陈龙珠,赵荣欣.中间层减震结构地震影响实力分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2007,29(3):54-58.
[14]樊长林,张善元,张文芳.隔震体系基于双质点模型的参数分析比较[J].太原理工大学学报,2008,39(3):320-323.
[15]祁皑,林云腾,郑国深.层间隔震结构工作机理研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006; 26(4): 239~243.
[16]施卫星,王群.旧房抗震新体系[J].结构工程师,1994,(2):35~39.
[17]罗小华,程超.TMD原理应用在框架房屋结构加层减震时最优参数值的探讨[J].四川建筑科学研究,2002, 26(2):20~22.
[18]徐忠根,周福霖.底部二层框架上部多塔楼底隔震数值模拟与实验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(1):126-132.
[19]韩传峰,李春祥,张群惠.基础和屋顶隔震混凝土结构的地震振动台实验研究[J].地震工程与振动,2004,24(1):141-147.
[20]吴建乔,施卫星,王群.旧房改造中的层间隔震方法[J].上海建设科技,1997,3:43-44.
[21]叶昆.近断层脉冲型地震作用下LRB基础隔震结构的地震响应分析[D].博士论文.华中科技大学.2008.
[22] Heaton T. H.,Hall J. F.,Wald D. J.,etc. Response of high-rise and base isolated buildings to a hypothetical Mw>7.0 blind thrust earthquake. Seienee,1995,267(5195):206-211.
[23] Makris N. Rigidity-plasticity-viseosity: Can electrorheological dampers protect base-isolated structures from near-source ground motions? Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 1997, 26(5):571-591.
[24] Kelly J. M. Role of damping in seismic isolation. Earthquake Engineering & Struetural Dynamies, 1999, 28(l): 3-20
[25] Makris N.,Chang S.-P. Effect of viscous,viscoplastic and friction damping on the response of seismic isolated structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29(l): 85-107.
[26] Sahasrabudhe S, Nagarajaiah S,Hard C. Experimental study of sliding isolated with smart dampers subjected to near source ground motions [C]. ASCEProceedings of the 12th Engineering Mechanics, 2000, Austin, Texas, USA.
[27] Yang J N, Agrawal A K. Serni-active hybrid control systems for nonlinear buildings against near-field earthquakes[J]. Engineering Structures, 2002, 24(3): 271-280.
[28] Jangid R S, Kelly J M. Base isolation for near-fault motions[J]. Earthquake Englneering and Structural Dynamies, 2001, 30(5): 691-707.
[29] Rao P S, Jangid R S. Performance of sliding systems under near-fault motions[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2001, 203:259-272.
[30]廖文义,罗俊雄,万绚.隔震桥梁承受近断层地震之反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001, 21(4):102-108.
[31] Newrnark N M. Fundamentals of Earthquake Engineering[M]. N . J: Prentice-hall Inc.,1971.
[32] Abrahamson NA, Somerville P G. Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on ground motions recorded during the Northquake earthquake[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,86(l): 93-99.
[33] Anderson R L,Savagee W U,Erdogan F H. August 17,1999,Koeaeli,Turkey earthquake field investigation Report[R].PEER Report 2000,17.
[34]王国权.921台湾集集地震的近断层地面运动特征[D].中国地震局地质研究所,2001.
[35] Babak Alavi,Helmut Krawinkler. Behavior of moment-resisting frame structures subjected to near-fault ground motions. Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamics,2004,33(7): 687-706.
[36] Erdik M.,Durukal E. A hybrid procedure for the assessment of design basis earthquake ground motions for near-fault conditions. Soil Dyamics and Earthquake Engineering,2001,21(5): 431-443.
[37] Menun C., Q. F. An analytical model for near-fault ground motions and the response of SDOF systems. Seventh US national conference on earthquake engineering Oakland,Califomia.
[38] Dicleli M. , Buddaram S. Equivalent linear analysis of seismic-isolated bridges·subjected to near-fault ground motions with forward rupture directivity effect. Engineering Structures,2007,29(1): 21-32.
[39] Park S. W., Ghasemi H., Shen J., etc. Simulation of the seismic performance of the Bolu Viaduct subjected to near-fault ground motions. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamies,2004,33(13): 1249-1270.
[40] Somerville P. G. Development of an improved representation of near-fault ground motions. Proceeding of the SMIP98 seminar on utilization of strong ground motion data(Oakland, California). .
[2]李黎,李键,唐家祥,等.用隔震技术提高已有建筑的抗震能力[J].华中科技大学学报,2002, 19(1) : 68~72
[3]周福霖.工.程结构减震控制[M].地震出版社,1997.
[4]赵昕,叶德传,章萍,等.层间隔震房屋振动台试验与分析[J].东南大学学报,2002,32(增刊):365~368.
[5]沈俊华,高强华.屋面隔热板减震措施在加层结构中的应用研究[J].结构工程师,1997(2):30~33.
[6]马云舟,吴建桥.层间隔震技术在底层框架建筑中的应用[J].上海建设科技,1998
[7] Roberto Villaverde. Aseismic Roof Isolation System: Feasibility Study with 13-Story Building[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, February 2002.188~196.
[8]谢军龙,周福霖.多层房屋结构的TMD加层减震试验研究与应用[J].世界地震工程,1998,14(4):57~60.
[9]李向真,欧海龙,林舒等.层间隔震结构计算模型的简化分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(1):121~125.
[10] Sueoka T, Torii S, Tsuneki Y. The application of response control design using middle-story isolation systerm to high-rise building[C]. Proceedings of 13th WCEE Vancouver Canada. Paper No.3457. 2004
[11]李宏男,李忠献,祁皑等.结构振动与控制[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.
[12] Anil K Chopra. Dynamics of Structures [M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[13]白举科,陈龙珠,赵荣欣.中间层减震结构地震影响实力分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2007,29(3):54-58.
[14]樊长林,张善元,张文芳.隔震体系基于双质点模型的参数分析比较[J].太原理工大学学报,2008,39(3):320-323.
[15]祁皑,林云腾,郑国深.层间隔震结构工作机理研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006; 26(4): 239~243.
[16]施卫星,王群.旧房抗震新体系[J].结构工程师,1994,(2):35~39.
[17]罗小华,程超.TMD原理应用在框架房屋结构加层减震时最优参数值的探讨[J].四川建筑科学研究,2002, 26(2):20~22.
[18]徐忠根,周福霖.底部二层框架上部多塔楼底隔震数值模拟与实验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(1):126-132.
[19]韩传峰,李春祥,张群惠.基础和屋顶隔震混凝土结构的地震振动台实验研究[J].地震工程与振动,2004,24(1):141-147.
[20]吴建乔,施卫星,王群.旧房改造中的层间隔震方法[J].上海建设科技,1997,3:43-44.
[21]叶昆.近断层脉冲型地震作用下LRB基础隔震结构的地震响应分析[D].博士论文.华中科技大学.2008.
[22] Heaton T. H.,Hall J. F.,Wald D. J.,etc. Response of high-rise and base isolated buildings to a hypothetical Mw>7.0 blind thrust earthquake. Seienee,1995,267(5195):206-211.
[23] Makris N. Rigidity-plasticity-viseosity: Can electrorheological dampers protect base-isolated structures from near-source ground motions? Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 1997, 26(5):571-591.
[24] Kelly J. M. Role of damping in seismic isolation. Earthquake Engineering & Struetural Dynamies, 1999, 28(l): 3-20
[25] Makris N.,Chang S.-P. Effect of viscous,viscoplastic and friction damping on the response of seismic isolated structures. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2000,29(l): 85-107.
[26] Sahasrabudhe S, Nagarajaiah S,Hard C. Experimental study of sliding isolated with smart dampers subjected to near source ground motions [C]. ASCEProceedings of the 12th Engineering Mechanics, 2000, Austin, Texas, USA.
[27] Yang J N, Agrawal A K. Serni-active hybrid control systems for nonlinear buildings against near-field earthquakes[J]. Engineering Structures, 2002, 24(3): 271-280.
[28] Jangid R S, Kelly J M. Base isolation for near-fault motions[J]. Earthquake Englneering and Structural Dynamies, 2001, 30(5): 691-707.
[29] Rao P S, Jangid R S. Performance of sliding systems under near-fault motions[J].Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2001, 203:259-272.
[30]廖文义,罗俊雄,万绚.隔震桥梁承受近断层地震之反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001, 21(4):102-108.
[31] Newrnark N M. Fundamentals of Earthquake Engineering[M]. N . J: Prentice-hall Inc.,1971.
[32] Abrahamson NA, Somerville P G. Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on ground motions recorded during the Northquake earthquake[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,86(l): 93-99.
[33] Anderson R L,Savagee W U,Erdogan F H. August 17,1999,Koeaeli,Turkey earthquake field investigation Report[R].PEER Report 2000,17.
[34]王国权.921台湾集集地震的近断层地面运动特征[D].中国地震局地质研究所,2001.
[35] Babak Alavi,Helmut Krawinkler. Behavior of moment-resisting frame structures subjected to near-fault ground motions. Earthquake Engineering and Structure Dynamics,2004,33(7): 687-706.
[36] Erdik M.,Durukal E. A hybrid procedure for the assessment of design basis earthquake ground motions for near-fault conditions. Soil Dyamics and Earthquake Engineering,2001,21(5): 431-443.
[37] Menun C., Q. F. An analytical model for near-fault ground motions and the response of SDOF systems. Seventh US national conference on earthquake engineering Oakland,Califomia.
[38] Dicleli M. , Buddaram S. Equivalent linear analysis of seismic-isolated bridges·subjected to near-fault ground motions with forward rupture directivity effect. Engineering Structures,2007,29(1): 21-32.
[39] Park S. W., Ghasemi H., Shen J., etc. Simulation of the seismic performance of the Bolu Viaduct subjected to near-fault ground motions. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamies,2004,33(13): 1249-1270.
[40] Somerville P. G. Development of an improved representation of near-fault ground motions. Proceeding of the SMIP98 seminar on utilization of strong ground motion data(Oakland, California). .
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