混凝土结构裂缝自修复技术研究
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摘要
混凝土及其结构能够自动适应环境,在受到损伤后能够自行愈合,是解决混凝土材料损伤的有效途径。本文在混凝土中埋入含有修复胶粘剂的玻璃管,通过试验研究了不同类型的修复胶粘剂和不同的玻璃管布置对混凝土自修复效果的影响,并利用有限元软件分析了不同裂缝修复程度对钢筋混凝土梁自修复效果的影响。主要研究内容如下:
1.根据自修复混凝土的机理,选取空心玻璃管作为修复容器,选取具有双组份特质的环氧树脂胶粘剂、丙烯酸酯胶粘剂和504胶作为修复胶粘剂,选取自密实高性能混凝土作为自修复混凝土的基材。
2.以普通混凝土为基材,内置含有修复胶粘剂的玻璃管,通过混凝土立方体试块抗压试验,进行自修复混凝土的探索性试验研究,验证了混凝土的自修复能力。
3.以自密实混凝土为基材,分别采用环氧树脂胶粘剂、丙烯酸酯胶粘剂和504胶作为修复胶粘剂对钢筋混凝土梁进行三点弯曲试验,从承载力恢复率、刚度提高和胶粘剂发挥作用的及时程度几个方面比较了三种胶粘剂的修复性能。
4.采用丙烯酸酯胶粘剂,研究不同的玻璃管布置方式对钢筋混凝土梁自修复效果的影响。研究结果表明,根据钢筋混凝土梁的平均裂缝间距布置玻璃管时修复效果较好。
5.采用有限元软件ANSYS模拟内置修复玻璃管的混凝土梁,分析了裂缝不同修复程度对混凝土梁性能的影响。
An efficient way of repairing the damage of concrete is to enable the concrete adapt to the surrounding environment actively and have self-repair capabilities. In this paper, glass fibers filled with adhesive were embedded in concrete. The influences of different adhesive and different layout of repair fibers on the repair effect of concrete cracks were studied by experiments. In addition, the influence of the levels of crack repair on properties of concrete beams was analyzed with the finite element analysis software ANSYS. The main contents are as follows:
1. Based on the functional mechanism of self-repair concrete, hollow glass tubes were selected as the repair fibers. Three kind of adhesive with two-component idiosyncrasy were selected as the repair adhesive: epoxy resin adhesive, acrylate adhesive and 504 adhesive. Self-compacting concrete was selected as matrix.
2. Glass fibers filled with adhesive were embedded in common concrete. Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete cube specimens to study the functional mechanism of self-repair concrete. The self-repair capacity of concrete was verified.
3. Self-compacting concrete was chosen as matrix, and epoxy resin adhesive, acrylate adhesive and 504 adhesive were selected as the repair adhesive. Then the self-compacting concrete simply supported beams with crack self-repair performance were experimentalized at third-point bending, and the repair effect of the three type of adhesive were compared from the viewpoint of bearing capacity recovery rate, stiffness improvement and onset time of adhesive .
4. The influences of different layout of repair fibers on the repair effect of concrete cracks were studied by experiments. It is shown that the repair fibers can be arranged according to the average crack spacing of reinforced concrete beams.
5. Concrete beams with embedded fibers were simulated with ANSYS software. The influence of the levels of crack repair on properties of concrete beams was studied.
1.根据自修复混凝土的机理,选取空心玻璃管作为修复容器,选取具有双组份特质的环氧树脂胶粘剂、丙烯酸酯胶粘剂和504胶作为修复胶粘剂,选取自密实高性能混凝土作为自修复混凝土的基材。
2.以普通混凝土为基材,内置含有修复胶粘剂的玻璃管,通过混凝土立方体试块抗压试验,进行自修复混凝土的探索性试验研究,验证了混凝土的自修复能力。
3.以自密实混凝土为基材,分别采用环氧树脂胶粘剂、丙烯酸酯胶粘剂和504胶作为修复胶粘剂对钢筋混凝土梁进行三点弯曲试验,从承载力恢复率、刚度提高和胶粘剂发挥作用的及时程度几个方面比较了三种胶粘剂的修复性能。
4.采用丙烯酸酯胶粘剂,研究不同的玻璃管布置方式对钢筋混凝土梁自修复效果的影响。研究结果表明,根据钢筋混凝土梁的平均裂缝间距布置玻璃管时修复效果较好。
5.采用有限元软件ANSYS模拟内置修复玻璃管的混凝土梁,分析了裂缝不同修复程度对混凝土梁性能的影响。
An efficient way of repairing the damage of concrete is to enable the concrete adapt to the surrounding environment actively and have self-repair capabilities. In this paper, glass fibers filled with adhesive were embedded in concrete. The influences of different adhesive and different layout of repair fibers on the repair effect of concrete cracks were studied by experiments. In addition, the influence of the levels of crack repair on properties of concrete beams was analyzed with the finite element analysis software ANSYS. The main contents are as follows:
1. Based on the functional mechanism of self-repair concrete, hollow glass tubes were selected as the repair fibers. Three kind of adhesive with two-component idiosyncrasy were selected as the repair adhesive: epoxy resin adhesive, acrylate adhesive and 504 adhesive. Self-compacting concrete was selected as matrix.
2. Glass fibers filled with adhesive were embedded in common concrete. Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete cube specimens to study the functional mechanism of self-repair concrete. The self-repair capacity of concrete was verified.
3. Self-compacting concrete was chosen as matrix, and epoxy resin adhesive, acrylate adhesive and 504 adhesive were selected as the repair adhesive. Then the self-compacting concrete simply supported beams with crack self-repair performance were experimentalized at third-point bending, and the repair effect of the three type of adhesive were compared from the viewpoint of bearing capacity recovery rate, stiffness improvement and onset time of adhesive .
4. The influences of different layout of repair fibers on the repair effect of concrete cracks were studied by experiments. It is shown that the repair fibers can be arranged according to the average crack spacing of reinforced concrete beams.
5. Concrete beams with embedded fibers were simulated with ANSYS software. The influence of the levels of crack repair on properties of concrete beams was studied.
引文
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[4]魏小林.混凝土裂缝产生的原因及预防措施[J].山西建筑,2004,30 (17):48~49.
[5]过镇海,时旭东.钢筋混凝土原理和分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003:240.
[6]樊立波.混凝土裂缝的预防与处理[J].黑龙江水专学报,2005,32(3):147~148.
[7]王海涛,张海涛.混凝土裂缝的处理方法[J].水利天地,2005(5):48.
[8] Mohsen A Issa. Shumin TsuiI,Alfred Yoursif.Application of knowledge- base expert systems for rating highway bridges[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1995,50 (5/6): 923~934.
[9]姚忠伟.智能混凝土的研究及其发展[J].新型建筑材料,2005(2):6~9.
[10]缪钱江,方征平,蔡国平.自修复复合材料研究进展[J].材料科学与工程学报,2004,22(2):301~303.
[11]刘小艳,姚武,郑晓芳等.混凝土损伤自愈合性能的试验研究[J].建筑材料学报, 2005,8(2):184~188.
[12]蒋正武.水泥基材料裂缝自愈合的研究进展[J].材料导报,2003,17 (4):39~42.
[13]寇生中,闰峰云.高温涂层自愈合性能的研究[J].甘肃工业大学学报,1996,22(2):20~22.
[14]蒋正武.国外混凝土裂缝的自修复技术[J].建筑技术,2003,34(4):261~262.
[15] Dry Carolyn M.Self-repairing reinforced matrix materials[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing (Incorporating Composites and Composites Manufacturing),1997,28(6):612.
[16]杨明,梁大开,潘晓文.智能材料结构自修复的策略研究[J].电子产品可靠性与环境试验,2004 (6):14~17.
[17] Dry Carolyn.Alteration of matrix permeability, pore and crack structure by the time release of internal chemicals[C].Proceedings of the ACS/NIST Conference on Advances in Cementitious Material,American Ceramic Society, co-sponsored by National Institude of Standards and Technology,Gaithersburg,Maryland,1990:729~768.
[18] Dry Carolyn.Matrix cracking repair and filling using active and passive modes for smart timed release of chemicals from fibers into cement matrics[J].Smart Materials and Structures,1994,3(2):118~123.
[19] Dry Carolyn.Biomimetic bone-like polymer cimentitious composite[J].Proceedings of SPIE- The International Society for Optical Engineering,1997(3040):251~256.
[20] Dry Carolyn.Three-part methylmethacrylate adhesive system as an internal delivery system for smart responsive concrete[J].Smart Materials and Structures,1996,5(3):297~300.
[21] Dry Carolyn.Smart earthquake resistant materials using time released adhesives for damping,stiffening,and deflection control[J].Proceedings of SPIE,1996(2779):958~967.
[22] Victor C Li,Yum Mook Lim,Yin-Wen Chan.Feasibility study of a passive smart self-healing cementitous composite[J].Composites Engineering,Part B 29B,1998,29(6):819~827.
[23] Dry Carolyn.Crack and damage assessment in concrete and polymer matrices using liquids released internally from hollow optical fiber[J].Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,1996(2718):26~28.
[24] Dry Carolyn.Repair and prevention of damage due to transverse shrinkage cracks in bridge decks[J].Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,1999(3671):253~256.
[25] Dry Carolyn,Corsaw J T.A time-release technique for corrosion prevention[J].Cement and concrete research,1998,28(8):1133~1140.
[26] Arup K Maji,Ihosvany Negret.Smart prestressing with shape-memory alloy[J].Journal of Engineering mechanics,1998,124(10):1121~1128.
[27] Yuji Sakai,Yoshikazu Kitagawa,Toshibumi Fukuta,et al.Experiment study on enhancement of self-restoration of concrete beams using SMA wire[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2003(5057):178 ~186.
[28]沼尾达弥,福尺公夫.补修剂对入にょゐ自己修复机能付加に关すゐ基础的研究,コソクリト工学年次论文报告集,1999,21(1).
[29]袁朝龙,钟约先,马庆先,等.孔隙性缺陷拟生自修复机制研究[J].中国科学,2002,32(6):747~753.
[30]陶宝祺,梁大开,熊克等.形状记忆合金增强智能复合材料结构的自诊断、自修复功能的研究[J].航空学报,1998,19(2):251~253.
[31]杨红.空心光纤用于智能结构自诊断、自修复的研究:[D].南京:南京航空航天大学, 2001.
[32]梁大开,陈红,陶宝祺.液芯光纤在机敏结构自修复功能中的初步试验[J].自然科学进展,2001,11(5):547~552.
[33]张妃二,姚立宁.光纤智能混凝土结构自修复的研究[J].功能材料与器件学报,2003,9(1):90~94.
[34]何思龙,黄先应,陈孟诗等.形状记忆合金增强钢筋混凝土自诊断与自适应智能结构系统的研究.中国材料研讨会论文集(功能材料),北京:化学工业出版社,1996:622~625.
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