高强螺栓拼接节点的耗能机理研究
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摘要
在钢框架结构中,由于构件运输或吊装能力的限制,以及节点设计的构造要求,高强螺栓拼接节点常用于梁的拼接和斜撑的拼接。为了利用这种连接的耗能性能,高强螺栓拼接节点的设计可使拼接节点在风荷载和小震及中震作用下不发生滑动,而在大震作用下产生滑动摩擦消耗能量,减小主体结构的地震反应。
为了研究高强螺栓拼接节点的耗能性能并探讨将高强螺栓拼接节点用于耗能节点的可能性。本文对12个高强螺栓拼接节点进行了低周反复加载试验,侧重于研究拼接节点在循环荷载作用下的疲劳性能和耗能性能,主要考虑了拼接节点的接触面处理、摩擦元件、拼接板屈曲或屈服等因素的影响。试验结果表明:高强螺栓拼接节点在循环荷载作用下的滞回曲线饱满,具有较好的耗能性能;硬质弹簧垫圈不宜用在拼接耗能节点中;接触面经喷砂处理或涂无机富锌漆的节点滑动荷载不稳定,初始滑动荷载与稳定滑动荷载差值较大;装有黄铜板的拼接节点耗能性能稳定;截面被削减的拼接板在循环荷载作用下容易发生断裂,对结构的安全不利,因此不宜利用拼接板的屈曲耗能。
随后本文在考虑材料、几何和状态三重非线性的基础上,对该连接形式进行了全面的计算机模拟。主要考虑了拼接节点的孔型、拼接间距、螺栓数量、螺栓直径、螺栓间距、拼接板厚度等因素的影响。分析结果表明:长孔螺栓拼接节点比圆孔的耗能性能强;改变拼接节点两侧的螺栓间距对节点的耗能性能影响不大;对于长孔螺栓拼接节点,在承载力一定的情况下,选用螺栓直径小、个数较多的拼接方案可以增强节点的耗能性能。
In steel frame structure, high-strength bolted splice connections in beams and braces are often used when the lengths of members are limited by transportation or erection. In order to utilize the aseismic superiority of this kind of connections, high-strength bolted splice connections can be designed that the connections will not slip under wind load and small to moderate earthquakes, while bolts slip under severe earthquakes. In such a way, quake energy can be dissipated, so that seismic response of the main structure will be reduced.
In order to study the energy dissipation performance of high-strength bolted splice joints and to explore the possibility of making such joints to be used as energy dissipation joints. Low circle cyclic loading test of twelve such specimens were carried out, particular attention was paid to the study of fatigue and energy dissipation performance of these specimens. Influencing factors, such as fying surface treatment, frictional plates, flexure or yield of splicing plate, etc. are studied in these tests. Results showed that: high-strength bolted splice connections under cyclic loading has full hysteresis loops, and showing capable of dissipating significant quantities of energy; spring washers should not be used in splice connections under dynamic load; with sand-blasted or inorganic zinc painted, sliding load of joint is unstable and have a large difference between initial load and steady load; The splicing joint with brass shims have a stable performance of energy dissipation; The reduced splicing plate sections is bad to the safety of structure which easy to be broken under cyclic reversed loading, so it should not make use of flexure of splicing plate to dissipate energy.
Then a thorough computer modeling using finite element program with material, geometry and state triple-nonlinear taken into account is carried out on a series of influencing factors, such as the shape of holes of splicing joint, splicing space, quantity, diameter, distance of bolts, thickness of splicing plate. Lots of useful conclusions are drawn from computer modeling. Results showed that slotted bolted splice connection have a good capability of dissipating energy than round splice connection; Changing the distance between bolts of both sides of splice connection have a little influence on dissipating energy; For slotted splice connection, the scheme of minor diameter and more bolts can enhance the capable of dissipating energy when the bearing capacity is fixed.
为了研究高强螺栓拼接节点的耗能性能并探讨将高强螺栓拼接节点用于耗能节点的可能性。本文对12个高强螺栓拼接节点进行了低周反复加载试验,侧重于研究拼接节点在循环荷载作用下的疲劳性能和耗能性能,主要考虑了拼接节点的接触面处理、摩擦元件、拼接板屈曲或屈服等因素的影响。试验结果表明:高强螺栓拼接节点在循环荷载作用下的滞回曲线饱满,具有较好的耗能性能;硬质弹簧垫圈不宜用在拼接耗能节点中;接触面经喷砂处理或涂无机富锌漆的节点滑动荷载不稳定,初始滑动荷载与稳定滑动荷载差值较大;装有黄铜板的拼接节点耗能性能稳定;截面被削减的拼接板在循环荷载作用下容易发生断裂,对结构的安全不利,因此不宜利用拼接板的屈曲耗能。
随后本文在考虑材料、几何和状态三重非线性的基础上,对该连接形式进行了全面的计算机模拟。主要考虑了拼接节点的孔型、拼接间距、螺栓数量、螺栓直径、螺栓间距、拼接板厚度等因素的影响。分析结果表明:长孔螺栓拼接节点比圆孔的耗能性能强;改变拼接节点两侧的螺栓间距对节点的耗能性能影响不大;对于长孔螺栓拼接节点,在承载力一定的情况下,选用螺栓直径小、个数较多的拼接方案可以增强节点的耗能性能。
In steel frame structure, high-strength bolted splice connections in beams and braces are often used when the lengths of members are limited by transportation or erection. In order to utilize the aseismic superiority of this kind of connections, high-strength bolted splice connections can be designed that the connections will not slip under wind load and small to moderate earthquakes, while bolts slip under severe earthquakes. In such a way, quake energy can be dissipated, so that seismic response of the main structure will be reduced.
In order to study the energy dissipation performance of high-strength bolted splice joints and to explore the possibility of making such joints to be used as energy dissipation joints. Low circle cyclic loading test of twelve such specimens were carried out, particular attention was paid to the study of fatigue and energy dissipation performance of these specimens. Influencing factors, such as fying surface treatment, frictional plates, flexure or yield of splicing plate, etc. are studied in these tests. Results showed that: high-strength bolted splice connections under cyclic loading has full hysteresis loops, and showing capable of dissipating significant quantities of energy; spring washers should not be used in splice connections under dynamic load; with sand-blasted or inorganic zinc painted, sliding load of joint is unstable and have a large difference between initial load and steady load; The splicing joint with brass shims have a stable performance of energy dissipation; The reduced splicing plate sections is bad to the safety of structure which easy to be broken under cyclic reversed loading, so it should not make use of flexure of splicing plate to dissipate energy.
Then a thorough computer modeling using finite element program with material, geometry and state triple-nonlinear taken into account is carried out on a series of influencing factors, such as the shape of holes of splicing joint, splicing space, quantity, diameter, distance of bolts, thickness of splicing plate. Lots of useful conclusions are drawn from computer modeling. Results showed that slotted bolted splice connection have a good capability of dissipating energy than round splice connection; Changing the distance between bolts of both sides of splice connection have a little influence on dissipating energy; For slotted splice connection, the scheme of minor diameter and more bolts can enhance the capable of dissipating energy when the bearing capacity is fixed.
引文
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