冀北水泉沟杂岩体的成因机制及其与金的成矿作用关系的研究
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摘要
本文通过野外和室内的详细研究，证明水泉沟岩体为岩浆成因，而非流行的“交代或混合岩化成因”。通过较详细的岩石学和矿物学研究，论证了水泉沟岩体为一个钾质-高钾质的钙碱性、弱碱性和碱性岩石共存的多期次侵入的杂岩体，并鉴别出四个岩石组合和十种岩石类型。通过对其岩石化学、稀土、微量元素和稳定同位素等的研究，认为水泉沟岩体起源于上地幔，并受到地壳的同化混染作用(地壳组分约38％)。岩浆存在两种演化趋势，一是酸性趋势，二是碱性趋势，同时也探讨了这两种演化趋势的内在机理。通过构造分析，论证了岩体的主体以岩墙扩展形式定位，局部为顶蚀方式，岩浆是碰撞造山后松驰拉张时期的产物。从东坪等金矿的成矿特点出发，以及利用流体包裹体和稳定同位素等多种测试手段，结合热力学计算，并以物质-能量综合场的观点提出了东坪等金矿属富碲化物型金矿，并提出其形成需要三个必要条件，进而指出，碱性岩与富碲化物型金矿不是简单的直接的关系，而是存在着间接的、有机的联系。在此基础上，指出了此类金矿的找矿标志和找矿建议。
The detail investigation for Shuiquangou complex in the field and laborarydemonstrates that it is magmatic origin, not the product of metasomation ormcgmatization, which is still insisted by many schlors. Their petrological and min-eralogical characteristics show that shuiquangou complex is a potassic and high-potassic complex consisting of calc-alkaline, weakly-alkaline and alkaline rocks.The complex can be derided into four associations and ten types. According to theirgeochemistry, REE, trace elements and stabe isotope, it originated from upper—mantle, but assimilalied by crustal materials. The magma has two evolutionarytrends: acid and alkaline trends. Its internal evolutionary mechanism is alsoprobed. The structural study suggests that the dyke propagation is the main type ofmagma emplacement, and the stopping is local mechalnsm, and they are formed inthe extensional and relaxation period after collission. On the basic of the mineral-ized characteristics of Dongping and other gold deposits in research region, the fluidinclusion, stable isotope, and thermodynamic calculations with the theory of Mass—Energy field are used to demonstrate that most of the gold deposits in the investi-gated region belong to the telluride—rich type of gold deposits, and that the threeconditions are necessary for the telluride—rich type. So, the relationshoip betweenthe alkaline rocks and the telluride—rich type of gold deposits is not a simple or di-rect, but an indirect and organic relationships. On the basis of these, the authorpoints out the special criteria for this type of gold pospecting and prospecting sug-gestions.
The detail investigation for Shuiquangou complex in the field and laborarydemonstrates that it is magmatic origin, not the product of metasomation ormcgmatization, which is still insisted by many schlors. Their petrological and min-eralogical characteristics show that shuiquangou complex is a potassic and high-potassic complex consisting of calc-alkaline, weakly-alkaline and alkaline rocks.The complex can be derided into four associations and ten types. According to theirgeochemistry, REE, trace elements and stabe isotope, it originated from upper—mantle, but assimilalied by crustal materials. The magma has two evolutionarytrends: acid and alkaline trends. Its internal evolutionary mechanism is alsoprobed. The structural study suggests that the dyke propagation is the main type ofmagma emplacement, and the stopping is local mechalnsm, and they are formed inthe extensional and relaxation period after collission. On the basic of the mineral-ized characteristics of Dongping and other gold deposits in research region, the fluidinclusion, stable isotope, and thermodynamic calculations with the theory of Mass—Energy field are used to demonstrate that most of the gold deposits in the investi-gated region belong to the telluride—rich type of gold deposits, and that the threeconditions are necessary for the telluride—rich type. So, the relationshoip betweenthe alkaline rocks and the telluride—rich type of gold deposits is not a simple or di-rect, but an indirect and organic relationships. On the basis of these, the authorpoints out the special criteria for this type of gold pospecting and prospecting sug-gestions.
引文
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2．王正坤、蒋心明、王郁等，1992．河北张—宣地区水泉沟偏碱性杂岩体的起源和形成机制及地质意义，贵金属地质，No．1，18—25
3．王正坤、蒋心明、王郁等，1992．张宣地区小营盘、东坪金矿的地质地球化学对比，地质与勘探，NO．7：14—20
4．王蓉嵘，1992．河北金家庄地区长英质碱性杂岩的特征及成因，桂林冶金地质学院学报，12(1)：12—19
5．邓乃达，1992．东坪式金矿地质特征及成因探讨，贵金属地质，NO．2—3，121—125
6．许云程、贡强、李少众，1994．东坪金矿成矿研究，地质与勘探，30(2)：29—33
7．冯克武，1992．东坪式金矿床地球化学特征，贵金属地质，NO．2—3，147—144
8．叶俊林、向树元，1989．河北赤城岩浆岩区逆冲推覆构造特征及其形成机制，地球科学，1441：95—100
9．卢德林等，1991．河北省崇礼县东坪金矿区控矿构造及矿床成因研究(下、下)(内部资料)
10．卢德林、罗修泉、汪建军等，1993．东坪金矿成矿时代研究，矿床地质，12(2)：182—187
11．牟保磊、阎国翰，1992．燕辽三叠纪碱性—偏碱性杂岩体地球化学特征及意义，地质学报，66：108—121
12．向树元等，1991．河北赤城“后沟式”金矿成矿地质特征初步分析，地质与勘探，27(3)：15—20
13．向树元、叶俊元、刘杰，1992．后沟—水泉沟碱性正长岩体的成因及其与金矿成矿，现代地质，6(1)：55—62
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