用户名: 密码: 验证码:
白银厂矿田构造—岩浆—成矿动态演化模式
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
以海相火山岩为特征的块状硫化物型矿床是我国铜矿床的主要工业类型。甘肃白银厂矿田地处北祁连山东部,是一个典型的规模较大的块状硫化物多金属矿田。前人已对其作过大量的研究,在矿区构造、成矿火山岩特征、火山机构、矿床成因模式、成矿规律等方面取得了重要成果。但对本区构造-岩浆-成矿的耦合关系缺乏系统认识。大量研究资料表明,海相火山岩型矿床在时域、地域上都与构造环境密切相关。因此,这个问题的解决有利于深入理解白银厂矿田成岩成矿机理和成矿规律,进一步认识北祁连造山带构造演化历史和成矿规律,也有利于整个祁连山地区矿产勘查评价工作和寻找新的白银厂式块状硫化物矿床的深入开展。
     由于白银厂火山岩系形成于海相环境,后经多次变质作用的迭加,原岩的蚀变程度高且十分普遍,在这一过程中原岩的放射性母体和子体难以保持一个相对稳定的封闭体系,使本区含矿火山岩系及其外围火山沉积变质岩地层时代一直是一个有争议的难题,导致区内的构造运动、岩浆活动、成矿作用等主要地质事件的综合研究缺乏定年依据,从而影响了本区构造-岩浆-成矿耦合关系的研究。
     因此,本文首先调研了白银厂矿田区域地质背景和典型矿床地质特征,阐述了各种同位素测年法的适用性和局限性,确定了本次研究的测年方法为以锆石U-Pb法定年为主,并辅以全岩Rb-Sr等时线和普通铅法。在此基础上,选择锆石为重点研究对象,利用Pupin(1980)的锆石形态群法和红外光谱系统研究了白银厂矿田锆石的标型特征、成因分类、产出环境、形成温度、变生程度,确定锆石U-Pb法采用锆石形态群法与颜色、粒度、磁性相结合的分群、分点的实验方案,采用本测年方法,厘定了白银厂矿田成岩成矿主要地质事件的地质年龄。最后,在分析锆石形成温度、变生程度、地质年龄之间内在关系的基础上,结合区域地质背景,探讨了本区岩浆来源及构造-岩浆-成矿主要地质事件的发生、发展、延续的动态演化过程,建立了白银厂矿田构造-岩浆-成矿动态演化模式。
     本文研究结果表明:白银厂矿田构造-岩浆-成矿动态演化模式为:该区构造岩浆活动始于574.2Ma以前,由于裂解,拉张构造运动的频繁活动,地下岩浆活动异常活跃,以幔源为主的壳幔混合型岩浆沿构造断裂上侵,近地表出现强热地质变质。随着构造岩浆活动的继续,能量的积聚,458.99Ma岩浆熔岩涌出地表,揭开了本区岩浆火山活动事件的序幕。446Ma~440Ma,是本区火山活动全盛时期,在本区大范围内形成有价值的多金属硫化物矿床。随后火山活动减弱,本区大规模的岩浆活动趋于结束,只有在局部地区,仍存在强度不大的岩浆活动。二叠纪全球性大规模火山活动,致使区内整个中寒武纪的火山沉积岩普遍发生变质。
Marine volcanic massive sulfide deposit is one of the major commercial types of copper deposit in china. The Baiyinchang orefield is a typical bigger massive sulfide polymetallic orefield, which located on the eastern part of the Qilian mountain chains. Predecessors have done a great deal of work on structure, metallogenetic volcanic character, volcanic framework, genetic models of deposits, and metallogenetic laws, and all of these have been made a substantial contribution. Whereas there was not system cognition in coupling connection of tectonic-magma-mineralization. A great deal of dada show marine volcanic massive sulfide deposit was closely associated with tectonic settings in temporal aspect and spatial aspect. Therefore, solved the problem was propitious to deeply apprehend mechanism of rock and ore formation and metallogenic deposit regularity, and deeply know tectonic evolvement and metallogenic deposit regularity of Qilian mountain region, also to exploration appraise expansion of Qilian mountain region and search new the style of Baiyinchang marine volcanic massive sulfide deposit.
     Volcanic rock system in Baiyinchang orefield was formed in marine environment with multiple metamorphism, which explains high and general alteration, and radioactive parent and daughter could not keep relative stability closing system in the process, leaded stratum epoch of the ore bearing volcanic and outer volcanic sediment metamorphic rock was a difficult problem pendent, so geological events of tectogenesis, magmatic activity, metallogenesis lacked dating materials, and effected study coupling connection of tectonic-magma-mineralization.
     Wherefore, the first work was study area geology setting and character of type deposit of Baiyinchang orefield, and expatiate applicability and localization of diversified isotopes dating, then fixed on dating method first was U-Pb isotope and assisted Rb-Sr and Pb-Pb. Zircon typomorphic peculiarities, genetic classification, occurrence environment, metamict degree were researched using Pupin(1980) the population typology of zircon and Infra-red Spectra Analysis, and main methods of isotopic dating were confirmed by taking zircon as a principal research object. Age of main geological events and space variation regularity were determined, and Dynamic evolvement process on occurring, developing, continuing was taken to recognize the structure, magma activity and metallogenesis in the region. Lastly, found tectonic-magma-mineralization dynamic evolution pattern of Baiyinchang orefield. was that: Structure magma activity in the region had begun before 574.2 Ma. Because of frequent cracking and tensile tectogenesis and very flourish magma activity, magma in deep crust up intruded along tectonic fault, then there was appeared a strong thermal metamorphism process near the earth's surface. With continuing structure magma activity and energy accumulating, magma squirted the earth's surface and initiated volcanic activity event in the region in 458.99 Ma. It was floruit of volcanic activity in middle Caledonian between 446 Ma and 440 Ma. Mass volcanic rock was squirted, and ore bearing magma was risen by tectonic fissure, then formed a large-scale valuable polymetallic sulfide orefield. Then volcanic activity decreased, and mass magma activity went to end, there existed feebleness intension magma activity only in part area. Afterward, global large-scale massive volcanic activity in Permian Period generally brought about metamorphism whole middle Cambrian Period volcanic sediment rock in research area.
引文
鲍学昭,李惠民,陆松年.1998.锆石微区喇曼光谱研究及成因标型意义[J].地球科学,33(4):455-462.
    边千韬.1989.白银厂矿田地质构造及成矿模式[M].北京:地震出版社.
    陈道公,李彬贤,夏群科等.2001.变质岩中的锆石U-Pb计时问题评述—兼论大别造山带锆石定年[J].岩石学报,17(1):129-138.
    陈光远,孙岱生.1999.矿物标型六性及其在胶东金矿中的应用[J].吉林地质.(3):2-8.
    陈光远.1987.成因矿物学与找矿矿物学[M].重庆:重庆出版社.
    陈能松,李惠民.2002.热离子质谱测定的颗粒级锆石U-Pb不一致年龄数据处理的多边形准则-以大别山和东昆仑山深变质岩为例[J].地质科技情报,2l(3):24-29.
    陈毓川,1994.矿床成矿系列.地学前缘[J],23(3):90-94.
    陈毓川,陶维屏.1996.中国金属、非金属矿产资源及成矿规律[J].中国地质,(8):10-14.
    陈毓川,朱裕生.1991.中国矿床成矿模式[M].地质出版社.
    陈毓川.1994.矿床的成矿系列[J].地学前缘.3(1):90-94.
    成岗.1974.白银厂黄铁矿型矿床的若干地质特征.铁铜矿产专集(第二集).北京:地质出版社.
    楚雪君.王学锋.1990.华南不同成固系列花岗岩中锆石群型的研究[J].南京大学学报(地球科学版),(4):34-47.
    崔汝勇.2001.大洋中大型硫化物矿床的形成条件[J].海洋地质动态.17(2):1-4.
    邓军,杨立强,翟裕生,等.2000.构造-流体-成矿系统及其动力学的理论格架与方法体系[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,25(1):71-78.
    董云鹏,张国伟,朱炳泉.2003.北秦岭构造属性与元古代构造演化地球学报[J],24(1):3-10.
    杜玉良.2002.甘肃省铜矿主要类型与勘杳前景研究[D].北京:中国地质大学.
    冯益民,何世平.1996.祁连山大地构造与造山作用.北京:地质出版社,
    傅海涛.2003.白银厂矿田火山岩的岩石化学特征及找矿评价意义[J].甘肃冶金,25(3):5-9.
    甘肃省地矿局.1978.区域地质调查报告.比例尺1:50000,脑泉幅、白银幅.
    甘肃省地质矿产局.1989.甘肃省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社.
    葛肖虹,刘俊来.1999.北祁连造山带的形成与背景[J].地学前缘.6:223-230.
    郭原生,王金荣,解宪丽,等.2001.白银厂矿田石英钠长斑岩Sm-Nd,Rb-Sr同位素特征及意义[J].甘肃科学学报,13(1):37-40.
    郭原生,王金荣,谢宪丽,等.2000.白银厂矿田早中寒武世火山岩地球化学及成因分析[J].岩石学报,16(3):337-344.
    何学贤,刘敦一,彭子成等.2001.热电离质谱(TIMS)铀系法测定中的难点与对策[J].质 谱学报,22(2):17-21.
    侯增谦,韩发,夏林沂,等.2003.现代与古代海底热水成矿作用一以若干火山成因块状硫化物矿床为例.北京:地质出版社.
    黄崇轲.2003.中国铜矿床[M].北京:地质出版社.
    霍勤知,齐建宏,肖林,等.2002.白银地区早古生代地层变形特征及区域构造演化[J].甘肃地质学报,11(2):11-16.
    简平,程裕淇,刘敦一.2001.变质锆石成因的岩相学研究—高级变质岩U-Pb年龄解释的基本依据[J].地质前缘,8(3):183—191.
    姜福芝,2001.双峰式火山岩与块状硫化物矿床[J],矿床地质,20(4):332-338.
    李百祥.1994.白银厂黄铁矿型铜、多金属矿床综合勘查模型[J].甘肃地质学报,3(1):91-95.
    李春昱.1984.矿床与全球构造(米契尔AHG等著)中译本序[M].地质出版社.
    李双文,王金荣,刘洛夫,等.2004.白银厂矿田同位素特征及其流体成矿作用研究[J].40(6):93-95.
    李文渊,郭周平,王伟.2005.北祁连山加里东期聚敛作用的构造转换及其成矿响应[J].地质论评.51(2):120-127.
    李文渊,杨合群,赵东宏,等.1999b.北祁连山发现塞浦路斯型富铜工业矿床[J].矿床地质,(3):32.
    李文渊.1999.聚敛型板块边缘火山岩浆流体的成矿作用[J].西北地质,2(3):6-11.
    李文渊.2004.祁连山岩浆作用有关硫化金属矿床成矿与找矿[D].甘肃:西北大学.
    李向民,彭礼贵,贺庆,等.2000.甘肃白银矿田东部矿床成矿与找矿模式[M].北京:地质出版社.
    李向民,彭礼贵,任有祥.2003.白银厂式块状硫化物矿床找矿突破的反思[J].西北地质,36(2):77-82.
    李智佩,彭礼贵,任有祥,等.2000.白银厂火山碎屑岩岩石学与古海相火山作用[J].岩石学报,16(2):184-190.
    李智佩,彭礼贵,任有祥,等.1998.碎斑熔岩在黑矿型矿床成矿作用中的地位[J].西北地质科学,16(1):59-67.
    李钟山.2005.中国大型、超大型铜矿床密集区综合信息定量预测[D].吉林:吉林大学.
    梁细荣,李献华,刘永康等.2000.激光探针等离子体质谱法(LAM-ICPMS)用于年轻锆石U-Pb定年[J].地球化学,29(1):1-5.
    刘崇民.1995.白银厂矿田折腰山海相火山岩型铜矿床地球化学异常特征[J].地质与勘探,35(5):28-30.
    刘高魁.1987.锆石的红外光谱及其意义[J].地质地球化学,12(6):7-13.
    刘海臣,朱炳泉,张展霞.1998.LAM-ICPMS法用于单颗粒锆石定年研究[J].科学通报,43(10):1103-1106.
    刘显凡,卢秋霞.1997.锆石形态标型特征及标型生长机制探讨[J].岩石矿物杂志,16(2):179-184.
    龙晓平.2001.造山带锆石年代学研究—以金水口地区为例[D].吉林:吉林大学.
    陆松年,李怀坤,李惠民.1999.成矿地质事件的同位素年代学研究[J].地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京),6(2):335-342.
    陆松年.1994.Sm-Nd等时线年龄合理性判断[J].中国区域地质,2:148-159.
    毛景文,华仁民,李晓波.1999a.浅议大规模成矿作用与大型矿集区[J].矿床地质,18(4):291-299.
    毛景文,张招崇,任丰寿等.1999b.北祁连西段金属矿床时空分布和生成演化[J].地质学报,73(1):73-82.
    毛景文,张作衡,简平等.2000.北祁连西段花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及其动力学意义[J].地质论评,46(6):616-620.
    裴荣富,叶锦华,梅燕雄,等.2001.特大型矿床研究若干问题探讨[J],中国地质,28(7):9-21.
    裴荣富.1995.中国矿床模式[M].北京:地质出版社.
    彭礼贵,任有祥,李智佩,等.1995.甘肃白银厂块状硫化物矿床成矿模式[M].北京:地质出版社.
    戚学祥,张建新,李海兵,等.2004.北祁连南缘右行韧性走滑剪切带的同位素年代学及其地质意义[J].地学前缘,11(4):469-479.
    任纪舜.1980.中国大地构造及其演化[M].北京:科学出版社.
    任有祥,彭礼贵,李智佩,等.1996.白银矿田折腰山大型古火山口及其在成矿中的地位[J].西北地质科学,16(1):38-49.
    宋叔和,韩发,葛朝华,等.1994.火山岩型铜多金属硫化物矿床VCPSD知识模型[M].北京:地质出版社.
    宋叔和.1993.火山活动与成矿的一些问题[J].第二届全国火山岩会议论文集,北京:地质出版社,12-16.
    宋叔和.1991.中国一些主要金属矿床类型及其时空分布规律问题[J].矿床地质,10(1):10-18.
    宋叔和.祁连山一带黄铁矿型铜矿的特征与成矿规律[J].地质学报,1955,35(1):34-46.
    宋志高,1984.北祁连优地槽区块状硫化物矿床形成地质环境的初步对比研究与探讨[J].矿床地质,3(2):1-23.
    宋忠宝,任有祥,李智佩.2003.北祁连山西段同位素测年概况.西北地质,36(4):1-7
    孙国曦,胡文碹,朱东亚,等.2001.超大型矿床的主要特征及研究进展[J].矿产与地质,15(6):682-687.
    孙海田,李锦平.1997.北祁连金属成矿省时-空格局、演化及成矿作用[J].地质学报,71(2):170-179.
    孙海田,邬介人,沈津中,等.1993.祁连山块状硫化物贱金属矿床区域成矿特征[J].矿床地质,12(3):193-201.
    孙敏,关鸿.2001.阜平杂岩年龄及其地质意义:兼论前寒武高级变质地体的定年问题[J].岩石学报,17(1):145-156.
    汤中立,白云来.2001.北祁连造山带两种构造基底岩块及成矿系统[J].甘肃地质学报,10(2):30-34.
    汤中立,白运来,徐章华,等.2002.华北古陆西南缘(龙首山-祁连山)成矿系统及成矿构造动力学[M].北京:地质出版社.
    汪相,2000.Kienast J R.微粒暗色包体中锆石的形态演化及其制约机制[J].中国科学(D),30.180-187.
    汪相.1998.锆石形态的定量描述及其动力学分析[J].中国科学(D),28:232-238.
    汪相.2000.微粒暗色包体中锆石的形态演化及其制约机制[J].中国科学(D辑),30(2):180-187.
    王登红,陈毓川.2001.与海相火山作用有关的铁-铜-铅-锌矿床成矿系列类型及成因初探[J].矿床地质,20(2):112-118.
    王龚明,陈双世.2003.白银矿田地质勘查工作进展及评述[J].有色矿山.32(5):20-23.
    王金荣,郭原生,翟新伟,等.2003.甘肃白银厂矿田早-中寒武世火山岩形成的构造环境[J].高校地质学报,9(1):89-98.
    王兴安.1995.白银厂铜-多金属矿床氢、氧同位素组成特征及蚀变岩氧同位素的找矿意义[J].西北地质科学,16(2):59-64.
    王焰,刘良,张洪培,等.2001.白银矿区火山岩构造环境的地球化学证据[J].自然科学进展,11(7):715-720.
    邬介人,任秉琛,黄玉春,等.1994.西北海相火山岩地区块状硫化物矿床[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社.
    邬介人,任秉琛,黄玉春,等.1994.西北海相火山岩地区块状硫化物矿床[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社
    邬介人.1992.白银厂地区黄铁矿型铜-多金属矿床的地质特征及成矿条件分析[J].西北地质科学,(2):83—96.
    吴元保,郑永飞.2004.锆石成因矿物学研究及其对U—Pb年龄解释的制约[J].科学通报.49(16):589-604.
    夏林圻,夏祖春,任有祥,等.1999.北祁连山古海底火山作用与成矿[J].地球学报,20(3):259-264.
    夏林圻,夏祖春,任有祥,等.祁连、秦岭山系海相火山岩[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1991.
    夏林圻,夏祖春,任有祥,等.1998.祁连山及邻区火山作用与成矿[M].北京:中国地质出版社
    夏林圻,夏祖春,徐学义.1995.北祁连山构造、火山岩浆演化动力学[J].西北地质科学,16(1):1-28.
    夏林圻,夏祖春,徐学义.1996.北祁连山海相火山岩岩石成因[M].北京:中国地质出版
    夏林析,夏租春,任有祥,等.2001.北祁连山构造-火山岩浆-成矿动力学[M].北京:中国大地出版社
    夏林折,夏祖春,徐学义.1996.北祁连山海相火山岩岩石成因[M].北京:地质出版社
    夏祖春,夏林圻,徐学义.1995.北祁连山元古代末寒武纪海相火山作用与成矿作用关系[J].西北地质科学,16(1):29-37.
    修群业,殷艳杰,李惠民.2001.单锆石定年样品的采集及矿物分选[J].前寒武纪研究进展,24(6):107-110.
    杨晓志,夏群科,程昊,等.2004.离子探针技术在地球化学研究中的应用综述[J].安徽地质,14(1):52-57.
    姚敬金.,2002.中国主要大型有色、贵金属矿床综合信息找矿模型.北京:地质出版社
    叶锦华,王保良,梅燕雄,等.1998.我国主要固体矿产时空分布若干统计特征[J],中国地质,(7):25-32.
    于浦生,邬介人.2000.北祁连山火山岩带金矿[M].北京:地质出版社.
    于浦生,邬介人.1996.海相火山-沉积建造铁铜矿床类型及地质特征[S].地球学报,17(增):50-56.
    於崇文.1999.大型矿床和成矿区(带)在混沌边缘[J].地学前缘(中国地质大学,北京),6(1):85-102.
    袁海华.1986.同位素地质年代学[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社.
    翟裕生,邓军,彭润民.1999a.中国区域成矿若干问题探讨[J].矿床地质,18(4):323-332.
    翟裕生,邓军,李晓波.1999b.区域成矿学[M].北京:地质出版社.
    翟裕生,吕古贤.2002.构造动力体制转换与成矿作用[J].地球学报,23(2):98-103.
    翟裕生.张湖,宋鸿林,等.1997.大型构造与超大型矿床[M].北京:地质出版社.
    张汉成.甘肃白银矿田成因研究.2001.中国矿山地质找矿与矿产经济,16(1):140-146.
    张瑞林.1995.“祁连山”国家攻关项目进展综述[J].西北地质,16(1):44-48.
    张兆峰,彭子成,贺剑峰.2001.热电离质谱铀系定年测定过程中需考虑的因素[J].质谱学报,22(3):1-7.
    章邦桐,王学成,侥球.1988.用锆石群型特征区分不同成因花岗岩的实例[J].地质与勘探,4(6):27-82.
    赵生贵.1998.白银火山穹隆构造特征及隐伏矿预测[J].甘肃地质学报,7(2):64-71.
    钟玉芳,马昌前,余振兵.2006.锆石地球化学特征及地质应用研究综述[J].地质科技情报,25(1):27-40.
    钟玉芳.2006.含U副矿物的地质年代学研究综述[J].地球科学进展,21(4):372-382.
    左国朝,刘寄陈.1987.北祁连早古生代大地构造演化[J].地质科学,6(1):14-24.
    左国朝.1985.甘肃白银厂黄铁矿型多金属矿床火山岩系的时代[J].中国地质,(3):20-26.
    AleinikoffJ N, wintsch R P, fanning C M et al.. 2000. U-Pb geochronology of zircon and polygenetic titanite from the Glastonbury Complex, Connecticut, USA: an integrated SEM, EMPA, TIMS, and SHRIMP study[J]. Chemical geology, 2002, 188: 125-147.
    Amdt T N. Hot heads and cold tails[J]. Nature, 407: 458-460.
    Audetat A, Gunther D, Heinrich C A. 1998, Formation of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposit: insights with LA-ICP-MS analysis of fluid inclusions[J]. Science, 279: 2091-2094.
    
    Barley M E. 1992.A review of Archean volcanic-hosted massive sulfide and sulfide minerlization in Western Australia[J].Econ.Geol., 87:855-873.
    
    Brenan J M, Li Chusi. 2000.Constraints on Oxygen Fugacity during Sulfide Segregation in the Voisey's Bay Intrusion, Labrador, Canada. Econ[J]. Geol. 95(4): 901 -916.
    
    CherniakDJ. HancharJM, Watson E B. 1997.Diffusion of tetravalent cations in zircon [J]. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology [J]. 127: 383-390.
    
    ConpstonW, Williams IS, Kirschvink JL, Zhang Z, 1992.Ma Cc Zircon U-Pb ages for the Early Cambrin Time-scale [J]. J. Geol. Soc. London, 149:171-184.
    
    Hayashi M, Shinno I. 1990.Morphology of synthetic zircon crystals doped with various elements[J]. Mineral [J]. 15:119-128.
    
    Hedenquist J B. 1994.The role of magmas in the formation of hydrothermal ore deposits[J]. Nature, 370(9): 519-527.
    
    Hezig P M, Hanningtong M D. 1995.Polymetallic massive sulfides at the modem seafloor -A review[J]. Ore Geologica Review, 10: 95-115.
    
    Hoskin P W O,Black L P. 2000.Metamorphic zircon formation by solid-state recrystallization of protolith igneous zircon[J]. J. metamorphic Goel, 18:423-439.
    
    Hutchinson RW. 1993.Some Broad Processes and affects of evolutionary metallogeny [J]. Resources Geology Special Issue, (5) :45-55.
    
    Ishikawa Y.,Sawaguchi T.,Iwaya S. and Horiuch M. 1976.Delieation of prospecting targets for kuroko deposits based on modes of volcanism of underlying daeite and alteration halos[J]. Mining Gelolgy, 26:106-117.
    
    Kroner A, Jaeckel P, Williams I S. 1994.Pb-loss patterns in zircons from a high-grade metamorphic terrain as revealed by different dating methods. U-Pb and Pb-Pb ages of igneous and metamomhic zircon from northern Sri Lanka[J]. Precambrian Research, 66: 151-181.
    
    Lanyon R, Vestfold Hills, Black R P, Seitz H-M. 1993.U-Pb zircon dating of mafic dykes and its application to the Proterozoic geological history of the Vesrfold Hills, East Antarctaca [J]. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 115: 184-203.
    
    Large R R. 1992.Australian volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits: features, styles, and genetic models[J] . Economic Geology, 87:741-510.
    
    Laznika P. 1989.Giant ore deposit: a quantitative approch[J].Global Tectonics and Metallogeny, 2:41-63.
    
    Leclair A D. 1993.Crustal-scale auriferous shear zones in the Central Superior province. Canada Geology[J]. 21:399-402.
    
    Moser D E. Scott D J. 2000.Towards a more accurate U-Pb geochoronology[J]. Chemical Geology, 172:1-3.
    
    Nasdala L, Gotze J, Pidgeon R T, et al. 1998.Constraining a SHRIMP U-Pb age: microscale characterization of zircons from Saxonian Rotliegend rhyolites[J]. Contrib Mineral Petrol, 132:300-306.
    
    Nasdala L, Irmer G, Wolf D. 1995.The degree of metamicticzation in zircons: a Raman spectroscopic study[J]. European J. Mineral.. 7:471-478.
    
    Nasdala L, Irmer q, Wolf D et al. 1995.The degree of metamictization in zircon: A Raman spectroscopic study[J]. Eur.J mineral. 7: 471-478.
    
    Ohmoto H. Formation of volcanic-associated massive sulfide deposits: The Kuroko perspective [J]. Ore Geologica Review, 1996.10: 135-177.
    
    PidgeonRT, Bosch D, Bruguier. Inherited zircon and titanite U-Pb systems in an Archaean syenite from southwestern Australia: implications for U-Pb stability of titanite [J]. Earth and Planetary Science 1996, 141: 187-198
    
    Poldervaart A. Zircons in rocks1: igneous rocks [J] .Am.J.Sci.,1956, 254: 521-554.
    
    Pupin J P. Magmatic zoning of Hercynian granitoids in France based on zircon typology [J]. Switzerland: Minerd. petrograph.Mitt, 1985, 65: 29-36.
    
    Pupin JP.Zircon and granite petrology[J].Contrib.Mineral Petro., 1980, 73: 207-220.
    
    Rosa J D, JennerGA, CartroA. A study ofinherited zirconsin granitoid rocks from the south Portuguese and Ossa-morena Zones, Iberian Massif: Support for the exotic origin of the South Portuguese Zone[J], Tectonophysics,2oo2,353:245-256.
    
    Rowley D B, Xue F, Tucker R D et al. 2000.Ages of ultr-high pressure metamorphism and protolith orthogneisses from the eastern Dabie shun: U/Pb zircon geochronology [J]. Earth Planet Sci. ett., 151:191-120.
    
    Rubatto D. 2002.Zircon trace element geochemistry: Partitioning with garnet and the link between U-Pb ages and metamorphism [J]. Chemical Geology, 184:123-138.
    
    Sangster D F. 1984.Grade-Tonnage Summaries of Massive Sulfide Deposits Relative to Paleotectonic Settings in the Appalachian-Caledonian Orogen [J].Econ.Geol. 79: 1479-1482.
    
    Santos JOS, BreemenOBV, Groves D I. 2004.Timing and evolution of multiple Paleoproterozoic magmatic arcs in the Tapaj6s Domain, Amazon Craton: Constraints from SHRIMP and TIMS zircon, baddeleyite and titanite U-Pb geochronology [J]. Precambrion Research. 131:73—109.
    
    Sawkins F J. 1990.Integrated tectonic-genetic model for volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits[J]. Geology. 18: 1061-1064.
    
    Sleeker W, Parrish R R and Sager-Kinsman A. 1999.High precision U-Pb geochronology of the Late Archean Kidd Creek deposit and Kidd volcanic complex[J].Econ.Geol. Monograph. 10:43-70.
    
    Sobolev N V, Shatsky V S. 1990.Diamond inclusions in garnets from metamorphic rocks[J]. Nature, 343: 742-756.
    
    Stephens M B, Swindn H.S. and Slack J. F. 1984.Correlation of Massive Sulfide Deposits in the Appalachian-Caledonian orogen on the basis of paleotectonic setting [J] .Econ.Geol..79:1442-1478.
    
    Tu Guangzhi. 1995.Some problems pertaining to super large ore deposits of China[J],IUGS, Episodes, 18:83—86.
    
    Vavra G.A 1993.guide to quantitative morphology of accessory zircon[J].Chem.Geol. 110: 15-28.
    
    Vavra G. 1990.on the kinematics of zircon growth and its petrogentic significance: a cathodoluminescence study.Contrib.Mineral petrol. 2:90-99.
    
    Vavra q Gebauer D, Schmid R et al. 1996.Multiple zircon growth and recrystallization during ployphase Late Carboniferous to Triassic metamorphism in granulites of the Ivrea Zone(Southern Alps):an ion microproble (SHRIMP) study. Contrib[J]. Mineral. Petrol, 122:337-358.
    
    Waters J C and Wallace D B. 1992.Volcanology and sedimentology of the host succession to the Hellyer and Que River volcanic-hosted massive sulfide Deposits, Northwestern Tasmania[J].Econ.Geol.. 87:650-660.
    
    Whiteneydl,Teyaaierc,Fayonak. 2003 .Tectonic controls on metamorphism, partial melting, and intrusion: Timing and duration of regional metamorphism and magmatism in the Nigde Massif,Turkey[J] .Tectonophysics, 376:37-60.
    
    Xia Linqi,XiaZuchun and XuXueyi. 1996.Lithogenesis of marine volcanic rocks from North Qilian Mountains [J]. Beijing: Geologica Publishing House, 1-153(in Chinese).
    
     XiaZuchun, XiaLinqi and XuXueyi. 1995. The relationship between marine volcanism and ore-forming process from the end of late Proterozoic Era to Cambrian period in Northern Qilian Mountains[J]. 16(1):29-37(in Chinese with English abstract).
    
    Xie Xuejing, MuXuzhan, RenTianxiang. 1997.Geological mapping in China[J]. Geochemical Exploration, 60: 99—113.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700