同站厅平行换乘地铁车站深基坑施工变形控制研究
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摘要
随着上海城市轨道交通网络的完善，换乘节点的建设成为整个轨道交通建设的新的技术难题。尤其在既有车站没有预留任何结构措施的前提下，后建车站的施工面临着极大的风险。本文以上海地铁M8线人民广场车站建设为背景，从非对称环境保护等级下深基坑的设计原理入手，对换乘枢纽中新建车站施工引起的已建运营车站变形和内力计算模型、计算参数取值、施工中已建车站的保护对策、新老地铁车站差异沉降控制等相关问题进行了研究和探讨。主要内容包括如下：
1、当新建地铁车站深基坑两侧环境保护等级不对称时，地铁车站设计按环境保护等级高侧进行，无形中增加了建设成本。针对这一现象，作者提出了实现深基坑围护结构非对称变形的设计与施工方法，建立了该类地铁深基坑设计的整体结构荷载模型和分离结构荷载模型，并比较了两计算模型的优缺点，给出了计算模型中相关参数的取值方法。
2、针对工程特点，引入非对称环境保护等级下的深基坑围护结构变形计算的分离结构荷载模型，从土的工程性质以及力学角度对平行换乘枢纽中后建车站深基坑施工引起的已建运营车站的变形计算方法进行了探讨，并利用建立的计算模型模拟了后建车站深基坑工程施工已建运营地铁车站的反应，计算与监测结果吻合较好。
3、针对平行换乘新老车站连接形式的多样性，研究了新老车站之间采用刚性和柔性两种连接方式时，新建车站在建成后长期沉降对已建运营车站的影响。根据分析结果，研究了新建车站与已建运营车站长期沉降相互影响的工程控制方法。
4、以实际施工为背景详细研究了新建车站基坑施工中已建地铁车站的变形规律，以及不同施工工艺和施工参数对已建车站结构变形的影响。通过搅拌桩加固试验，探索了控制已建车站变形的合理的搅拌桩施工工艺。通过对实测数据和理论计算结果的分析，比较了不同基坑开挖施工方法、不同基坑开挖施工时间参数和空间参数对已建车站变形的影响，并提出了相应的变形控制的措施。
最后，关于进一步工作的方向进行了简要的讨论。
With the development of urban rail transit network in Shanghai, the construction of interchange connections will be a new technical problem for building the whole rail transit network, especially when the built station has no structural measures in advance, high risk will be confronted by the newly constructing station. In this dissertation, by using the designing theories of deep foundation pit which has asymmetric environment protection level, the research on the calculating models of the built station's deformation and internal forces caused by the newly constructing station, the evaluation of calculating parameters, the protecting measures of the built station, and the control of the differentia settlement between old and new stations is carried through on the basis of the construction of the People's Square station in Shanghai M8 Metro Line. The chief work is summarized as follows:
1. when the deep foundation pit of a newly building metro station has asymmetric environment protection level, constructing cost will be increased if the station is designed to meet the higher environmental protecting level. To solve that problem, some designing and constructing measures are brought forward to make the bracing of deep foundation pit deform asymmetrically, the entire and separate structure loading models in designing such metro deep foundation pit are established, and the method of evaluating the parameters concerned in those two models is given.
2. according to the real situation of projects, by using the separate structure loading model to calculate the deformation of the bracing of deep foundation pit which has asymmetric environment protecting level, the research on the calculating method of the built station's deformation which caused by the newly constructing station in parallel interchange connections is carried through from the angle of soil engineering properties and mechanics, then the reaction of the built station caused by the newly constructing station is simulated by making use of the established calculating model, and the calculating results are relatively accordant with measuring ones.
1、当新建地铁车站深基坑两侧环境保护等级不对称时，地铁车站设计按环境保护等级高侧进行，无形中增加了建设成本。针对这一现象，作者提出了实现深基坑围护结构非对称变形的设计与施工方法，建立了该类地铁深基坑设计的整体结构荷载模型和分离结构荷载模型，并比较了两计算模型的优缺点，给出了计算模型中相关参数的取值方法。
2、针对工程特点，引入非对称环境保护等级下的深基坑围护结构变形计算的分离结构荷载模型，从土的工程性质以及力学角度对平行换乘枢纽中后建车站深基坑施工引起的已建运营车站的变形计算方法进行了探讨，并利用建立的计算模型模拟了后建车站深基坑工程施工已建运营地铁车站的反应，计算与监测结果吻合较好。
3、针对平行换乘新老车站连接形式的多样性，研究了新老车站之间采用刚性和柔性两种连接方式时，新建车站在建成后长期沉降对已建运营车站的影响。根据分析结果，研究了新建车站与已建运营车站长期沉降相互影响的工程控制方法。
4、以实际施工为背景详细研究了新建车站基坑施工中已建地铁车站的变形规律，以及不同施工工艺和施工参数对已建车站结构变形的影响。通过搅拌桩加固试验，探索了控制已建车站变形的合理的搅拌桩施工工艺。通过对实测数据和理论计算结果的分析，比较了不同基坑开挖施工方法、不同基坑开挖施工时间参数和空间参数对已建车站变形的影响，并提出了相应的变形控制的措施。
最后，关于进一步工作的方向进行了简要的讨论。
With the development of urban rail transit network in Shanghai, the construction of interchange connections will be a new technical problem for building the whole rail transit network, especially when the built station has no structural measures in advance, high risk will be confronted by the newly constructing station. In this dissertation, by using the designing theories of deep foundation pit which has asymmetric environment protection level, the research on the calculating models of the built station's deformation and internal forces caused by the newly constructing station, the evaluation of calculating parameters, the protecting measures of the built station, and the control of the differentia settlement between old and new stations is carried through on the basis of the construction of the People's Square station in Shanghai M8 Metro Line. The chief work is summarized as follows:
1. when the deep foundation pit of a newly building metro station has asymmetric environment protection level, constructing cost will be increased if the station is designed to meet the higher environmental protecting level. To solve that problem, some designing and constructing measures are brought forward to make the bracing of deep foundation pit deform asymmetrically, the entire and separate structure loading models in designing such metro deep foundation pit are established, and the method of evaluating the parameters concerned in those two models is given.
2. according to the real situation of projects, by using the separate structure loading model to calculate the deformation of the bracing of deep foundation pit which has asymmetric environment protecting level, the research on the calculating method of the built station's deformation which caused by the newly constructing station in parallel interchange connections is carried through from the angle of soil engineering properties and mechanics, then the reaction of the built station caused by the newly constructing station is simulated by making use of the established calculating model, and the calculating results are relatively accordant with measuring ones.
引文
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