非规则碎片匹配关键技术的研究及实现
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摘要
在非规则碎片匹配问题中,由于碎片的数量非常巨大,繁重而乏味的重复工作使工作人员不堪重负,因此,如何把工作人员从重复的劳动中解脱出来就成为碎片复原问题之中的当务之急,如何用计算机实现匹配也就成为当前许多考古学家和犯罪学家研究的重要问题。本文在研究传统角点提取算法、传统匹配算法的基础上,提出了适合课题需要的平面碎片角点提取算法和平面碎片匹配算法,同时还对三维非规则碎片的匹配进行了探讨。
本文的研究工作主要包括以下五个部分:首先介绍了边界提取的一般情况,以及几种典型的灰度图像的边界提取的算法,着重研究了散乱点的边界提取,针对目前散乱点边界提取缺少最小凸边算法情况做了补充和完善,从而完成灰度图像边界提取工作,使得所提取的边界适合于碎片匹配的下一步的工作;其次,研究了离散点的曲率逼近和角点提取算法,针对目前离散点曲率计算比较粗糙、不适合做碎片匹配曲率计算的情况,结合曲线插值方法,形成了一种新的曲率计算方法,研究了角点提取算法,分析了单尺度角点提取算法和多尺度角点提取算法各自的优、缺点,并且结合两种算法的优点构造了一种新的角点提取算法;然后,研究了目前国内外的平面非规则碎片匹配算法,针对目前匹配算法中计算量特别巨大的情况,以曲线的特征点的提取为基础,以曲线的不变量为手段,形成新的匹配算法,克服了以前碎片匹配算法中计算量很大的缺陷;接着,进行了平面非规则碎片匹配的原型系统的研究;最后,在研究三维曲线匹配的原理的基础上,提出了与曲线上的点的曲率和挠率密切相关的三个不变量,并且给出了基于特征点的三维非规则碎片的匹配算法。
In the problem of irregular fragmental objects matching, because of large number of fragmental objects , the hard、tedious and repetitive work makes workers can not bear it, so how to liberate workers from repetitive work is an urgent task of the problem of fragmental objects reversion, how to use computer to finish matching is one of the important problem of many archaeologists and criminologist at present. In this paper, on the basis of studying the traditional methods of corner detection , traditional matching methods, a planar irregular fragmental corner detection method and a fragmental objects matching method are brought forward fit for this task, at the same time, three dimensional irregular fragmental matching method are studied.
The research work mainly includes the following five aspects.
Firstly, general condition of edge detection and several typical edge detection methods of gray image is introduced, and researching scattering dots edge detection method is emphasized, aiming at the thing that scattering dots edge detection absent a method of the minimum chimb, It is made up and perfected. So that fisnish gray image edge detection, and the edge detection is fit for the next work of irregular fragmental objects matching.
Secondly, study of discrete dots close curvature calculation and corner detection methods. Aiming at the thing that at present the calculating curvature methods of discrete dots are rough, which is not fit for the calculating curvature of fragmental objects, combined the interpolant curve method, a new method of curvature calculation is given. research the corner detection methods, the respective advantages and disadvantage of single scale corner detection methods and multi-scale corner detection methods are analyzed, and considering the advantages of the two methods and construct a new corner detection method is put forward.
Thirdly, the interior and exterior two dimensional fragmental objects matching methods are researched, aiming at the reason that at present the calculating amount of fragmental objects matching methods is very large, based on the character points detection and by means of invariants of curve , a new matching method is put forward which conquer this disadvantage that the amount of calculation is very large.
Fourthly, a prototype system of two dimensional irregular fragmental objects is researched.
Finally, on the base of studying of principle of three dimensional curve matching, Three invariants is put forward which have close correlative to curvatures and torsions of curve dots, and a three dimensional irregular fragmental objects matching method based on characteristic points is put forward.
本文的研究工作主要包括以下五个部分:首先介绍了边界提取的一般情况,以及几种典型的灰度图像的边界提取的算法,着重研究了散乱点的边界提取,针对目前散乱点边界提取缺少最小凸边算法情况做了补充和完善,从而完成灰度图像边界提取工作,使得所提取的边界适合于碎片匹配的下一步的工作;其次,研究了离散点的曲率逼近和角点提取算法,针对目前离散点曲率计算比较粗糙、不适合做碎片匹配曲率计算的情况,结合曲线插值方法,形成了一种新的曲率计算方法,研究了角点提取算法,分析了单尺度角点提取算法和多尺度角点提取算法各自的优、缺点,并且结合两种算法的优点构造了一种新的角点提取算法;然后,研究了目前国内外的平面非规则碎片匹配算法,针对目前匹配算法中计算量特别巨大的情况,以曲线的特征点的提取为基础,以曲线的不变量为手段,形成新的匹配算法,克服了以前碎片匹配算法中计算量很大的缺陷;接着,进行了平面非规则碎片匹配的原型系统的研究;最后,在研究三维曲线匹配的原理的基础上,提出了与曲线上的点的曲率和挠率密切相关的三个不变量,并且给出了基于特征点的三维非规则碎片的匹配算法。
In the problem of irregular fragmental objects matching, because of large number of fragmental objects , the hard、tedious and repetitive work makes workers can not bear it, so how to liberate workers from repetitive work is an urgent task of the problem of fragmental objects reversion, how to use computer to finish matching is one of the important problem of many archaeologists and criminologist at present. In this paper, on the basis of studying the traditional methods of corner detection , traditional matching methods, a planar irregular fragmental corner detection method and a fragmental objects matching method are brought forward fit for this task, at the same time, three dimensional irregular fragmental matching method are studied.
The research work mainly includes the following five aspects.
Firstly, general condition of edge detection and several typical edge detection methods of gray image is introduced, and researching scattering dots edge detection method is emphasized, aiming at the thing that scattering dots edge detection absent a method of the minimum chimb, It is made up and perfected. So that fisnish gray image edge detection, and the edge detection is fit for the next work of irregular fragmental objects matching.
Secondly, study of discrete dots close curvature calculation and corner detection methods. Aiming at the thing that at present the calculating curvature methods of discrete dots are rough, which is not fit for the calculating curvature of fragmental objects, combined the interpolant curve method, a new method of curvature calculation is given. research the corner detection methods, the respective advantages and disadvantage of single scale corner detection methods and multi-scale corner detection methods are analyzed, and considering the advantages of the two methods and construct a new corner detection method is put forward.
Thirdly, the interior and exterior two dimensional fragmental objects matching methods are researched, aiming at the reason that at present the calculating amount of fragmental objects matching methods is very large, based on the character points detection and by means of invariants of curve , a new matching method is put forward which conquer this disadvantage that the amount of calculation is very large.
Fourthly, a prototype system of two dimensional irregular fragmental objects is researched.
Finally, on the base of studying of principle of three dimensional curve matching, Three invariants is put forward which have close correlative to curvatures and torsions of curve dots, and a three dimensional irregular fragmental objects matching method based on characteristic points is put forward.
引文
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