新疆喀拉通克铜镍硫化物矿床成岩成矿模式及找矿预测研究
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摘要
喀拉通克铜镍硫化物矿床是产于我国北疆喀拉通克成矿带内的大型岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床。喀拉通克成矿带是一条重要的岩浆-构造带，其大地构造位置极为独特。地质构造复杂，岩浆活动频繁，矿产资源丰富，是我国重要的铜、镍有色金属和贵金属成矿带之一。对喀拉通克铜镍硫化物矿床成岩成矿模式及找矿预测研究，对带动喀拉通克成矿带的新一轮找矿预测工作具有重大的地质意义。
本文在总结分析前人资料的基础上，采用地学综合分析法对喀拉通克铜镍硫化物矿床的成矿地质条件、矿床地质特征、地球物理特征、地球化学特征、矿床成因、成岩成矿机制进行了详细的研究。在此基础上，对喀拉通克矿区的隐伏岩矿体进行了定位预测研究，总结了该区的找矿预测准则，提出了喀拉通克矿区的综合找矿预测模型。
本次研究取得了如下主要成果：
1、本区含矿岩体属正常类型的镁铁质侵入体，具有富镁铁、贫钙、略富碱和贫硅、铝的特点。岩体的硫同位素组成、铅同位素组成、稀土元素组成和铷锶同位素的初始比值特征，均表明成岩物质来源于地幔。
2、本次研究对本区南、北岩带的岩、矿石进行了较详细的稀土元素和铂族元素地球化学分析，首次从元素地球化学方面论证了本区南、北岩带含矿岩体的成岩成矿母岩为同一来源；致密块状特富矿是由深部熔离的矿浆侵入形成的。
3、首次提出本区的主要成矿元素主要来源于地球核幔边界的新观点，建立了成岩成矿模式。
4、证实和确立了本区的地球物理找矿标志是“三高一低”，即高磁异常(大于630nT)、高激电异常(大于7％)、高重力异常和低电阻(低于150欧姆米)。
5、在详细分析本区的地球物理综合异常的基础上，结合本区的已知矿床产出的成矿条件、地质特征、地球化学特征、控矿地质因素等，首次总结归纳了本区的找矿预测准则，圈定了两个找矿预测区，确定了找矿预测靶位，进一步建立了多元地学信息综合找矿预测模型。
The Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit exists in the Karatungk metallogenic belt in northern Xinjiang in China. The Karatungk metallogentic belt is an important magmatic and tectonic mobile zone, whose geotectonic location is very unique. It is characterized by complex geological structures, frequent magmatic activities, rich in ore resources and lots of metal deposits, thus constituted one of the important metallogentic belts of Cu-Ni nonferrous and noble metal deposits. Studying on the model of rock-forming and ore-forming, and the prospecting prediction for Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit, it is of great significance to drive a new round of prediction in the Karatungk metallogenic.belt.
Based on summarizing results from other people and analyzed by geological synthetic method, the paper gives a detail research on the metallogenic geotectonic background, the geological, geophysical and geochemical characteristics of the deposit, and also the genesis of the deposit, mechanism of rock-forming and ore-forming in the Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit. Based on these, the paper has researched the location prediction for concealed ore-bodies of the Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit, concluded the regularities of prediction and pointed out geological synthetic exploring model.
Through studying, some new knowledge are obtained as follows:
1. In terms of chemical composition, the intrusive rock bodies are characterized by addition of Mg and Fe, depletion of Ca, slight addition of alkali, and slight depletion of Si and Al, belonging to normal ferromagnesian intrusions. Based on the characteristics of sulfur isotope, lead isotope, rare earth element, and initial 87Sr/MSr values, all show that the rock-forming substance comes mainly from the mantle.
2. Through analyzing geochemical character of rare earth element, and platinum group element in rocks and ores in both south and north intrusive rock belt, for the first time on the view of geochemistry, expound and prove that these rock-forming and ore-forming substances are from a same source of ore-bearing magma, and the ore magma was liquated from the ore-bearing magma in medium magma chamber, then intruded upon and formed the
very dense massive extremely Cu-rich, Ni-rich ores.
3. It is the first time to put forward a new view that the main ore-forming substance originates from the boundary of the core and the mantle, and to set up a metallogenic model for the Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit.
4. The paper affirms and establishes that the geophysical model can be described as a high magnetic activity(>630nT), high polarizability(>7%), high gravity and a low resistivity (<150 'm).
5. Based on analyzing geophysical synthetic anomaly in detail, for the first time, the paper concluded the regularities of prediction, pointed out two prediction areas, and determined prospecting target, and founded the complicated exploring model of multi ?information geoscience combining the geological mineral-formation condition, feature of geology and geochemistry in the deposit, and ore-controlling factors.
本文在总结分析前人资料的基础上，采用地学综合分析法对喀拉通克铜镍硫化物矿床的成矿地质条件、矿床地质特征、地球物理特征、地球化学特征、矿床成因、成岩成矿机制进行了详细的研究。在此基础上，对喀拉通克矿区的隐伏岩矿体进行了定位预测研究，总结了该区的找矿预测准则，提出了喀拉通克矿区的综合找矿预测模型。
本次研究取得了如下主要成果：
1、本区含矿岩体属正常类型的镁铁质侵入体，具有富镁铁、贫钙、略富碱和贫硅、铝的特点。岩体的硫同位素组成、铅同位素组成、稀土元素组成和铷锶同位素的初始比值特征，均表明成岩物质来源于地幔。
2、本次研究对本区南、北岩带的岩、矿石进行了较详细的稀土元素和铂族元素地球化学分析，首次从元素地球化学方面论证了本区南、北岩带含矿岩体的成岩成矿母岩为同一来源；致密块状特富矿是由深部熔离的矿浆侵入形成的。
3、首次提出本区的主要成矿元素主要来源于地球核幔边界的新观点，建立了成岩成矿模式。
4、证实和确立了本区的地球物理找矿标志是“三高一低”，即高磁异常(大于630nT)、高激电异常(大于7％)、高重力异常和低电阻(低于150欧姆米)。
5、在详细分析本区的地球物理综合异常的基础上，结合本区的已知矿床产出的成矿条件、地质特征、地球化学特征、控矿地质因素等，首次总结归纳了本区的找矿预测准则，圈定了两个找矿预测区，确定了找矿预测靶位，进一步建立了多元地学信息综合找矿预测模型。
The Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit exists in the Karatungk metallogenic belt in northern Xinjiang in China. The Karatungk metallogentic belt is an important magmatic and tectonic mobile zone, whose geotectonic location is very unique. It is characterized by complex geological structures, frequent magmatic activities, rich in ore resources and lots of metal deposits, thus constituted one of the important metallogentic belts of Cu-Ni nonferrous and noble metal deposits. Studying on the model of rock-forming and ore-forming, and the prospecting prediction for Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit, it is of great significance to drive a new round of prediction in the Karatungk metallogenic.belt.
Based on summarizing results from other people and analyzed by geological synthetic method, the paper gives a detail research on the metallogenic geotectonic background, the geological, geophysical and geochemical characteristics of the deposit, and also the genesis of the deposit, mechanism of rock-forming and ore-forming in the Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit. Based on these, the paper has researched the location prediction for concealed ore-bodies of the Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit, concluded the regularities of prediction and pointed out geological synthetic exploring model.
Through studying, some new knowledge are obtained as follows:
1. In terms of chemical composition, the intrusive rock bodies are characterized by addition of Mg and Fe, depletion of Ca, slight addition of alkali, and slight depletion of Si and Al, belonging to normal ferromagnesian intrusions. Based on the characteristics of sulfur isotope, lead isotope, rare earth element, and initial 87Sr/MSr values, all show that the rock-forming substance comes mainly from the mantle.
2. Through analyzing geochemical character of rare earth element, and platinum group element in rocks and ores in both south and north intrusive rock belt, for the first time on the view of geochemistry, expound and prove that these rock-forming and ore-forming substances are from a same source of ore-bearing magma, and the ore magma was liquated from the ore-bearing magma in medium magma chamber, then intruded upon and formed the
very dense massive extremely Cu-rich, Ni-rich ores.
3. It is the first time to put forward a new view that the main ore-forming substance originates from the boundary of the core and the mantle, and to set up a metallogenic model for the Karatungk magmatic Cu-Ni sulfide deposit.
4. The paper affirms and establishes that the geophysical model can be described as a high magnetic activity(>630nT), high polarizability(>7%), high gravity and a low resistivity (<150 'm).
5. Based on analyzing geophysical synthetic anomaly in detail, for the first time, the paper concluded the regularities of prediction, pointed out two prediction areas, and determined prospecting target, and founded the complicated exploring model of multi ?information geoscience combining the geological mineral-formation condition, feature of geology and geochemistry in the deposit, and ore-controlling factors.
引文
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