用户名: 密码: 验证码:
博格达山链的造山活动与山体形成演化
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
造山带虽然经过近代一百多年的研究,但仍一直是地质科学研究的前沿课题。特别是80年代以来,大陆造山带成因研究已成为固体地球科学最主要前沿领域之一。迄今为止,对不同类型造山作用与造山带的深入研究,在现代地学研究中仍占有重要的地位。作为新生代典型陆内造山的博格达山链,以其独特的造山面貌而有别与其它陆内造山带。针对这种“强造山”,“弱表现”的特点,本文从岩石学(沉积岩、火山岩、岩浆岩、变质岩)、构造地质学、年代学、深部地球物理等多学科相结合研究角度入手,对博格达山的造山活动、山体演化历史等成山过程进行了较为系统的研究,将博格达山链的成山过程划分为三大阶段,提出了博格达山新生代再造山的造山模式。同时对新生代的造山动力学问题进行了讨论,并提出了远程效应与岩石圈深部约束联合作用的认识。
     在本文的绪论部分,在对以往研究成果系统查阅及综合分析基础上,对研究区的研究基础进行了详细论述,对前人的工作、研究成果进行了归纳总结,并就研究区及邻区所存在的地质问题以及争议点做了阐述。
     在对前人资料系统地综合分析基础上,对新疆北部地区(包括东天山)二叠纪以前的古构造环境进行了概括分析,针对许多存在的地质构造质疑问题,提出新疆北部所出露的众多蛇绿岩带可能是产于古生代形成的同一个大洋的观点,即新疆北部可能只存在一个大洋——准噶尔-天山洋(隶属古亚洲洋一部分)。并以此为构造背景,对新疆北部的大地构造单元进行了划分。划分出两个被动陆缘(阿尔泰被动陆缘带、塔里木北缘被动陆缘带)和三个弧盆带(东准噶尔泥盆纪弧盆带、北天山石炭纪弧盆带、南天山泥盆纪弧盆带)(见下表)。同时,在只存在一个大洋的前提下,对造山前的古构造演化进行了讨论,提出了三个演化阶段:①震旦-寒武纪的陆壳拉张阶段;②奥陶-志留纪的洋盆形成阶段;③泥盆-石炭纪的洋盆消减阶段。并认为大洋的消减为向南、向北对称消减。而且整个新疆北部地区,古构造演化是一种不均衡的、复杂的构造变动。
     对博格达山(研究区)区域的古构造环境认识,目前存在有限洋盆、裂陷槽、裂谷、岛弧之争。针对这个长期存在的争议问题,本文在进行部分地球化学分析基础上,并结合区内
    
    王宗秀:博格达山链的造山活动及山体形成演化
     己有的岩石学、地球化学等方面资料综合分析基础上,认为博格达山地区在造山之前,经历
     了裂陷槽、岛弧等复杂演化历史。其中在泥盆纪时期为一裂陷槽,随着大洋的消减,于石炭
     纪演化成岛弧环境。.
     针对博格达山链在整个天山造山带中的特殊构造位置,以及以往对该区研究的薄弱点,
     从构造变形角度出发,对山链的变形构造进行了较细致的野外和室内综合研究,首次在博格
     达山区发现了韧性剪切变形带,并由此揭开了博格达山初始造山活动的神秘面纱。通过宏观
     和微观变形构造的详细分析研究,确定了博格达山韧性剪切变形带的变形机制、变形期次、
     构造式样。认为博格达山韧性剪切变形带的主变形为南北向剪切收缩,其后又经历了伸展剪
     切和走滑剪切,是一条多期演化的复合型韧性剪切变形带。韧性剪切变形带的形成温度不大
     于400℃,是一条低温剪切带,现今出露的部位为下部构造层次的中上部位以上部分。运用
    最先进的测试手段(错石SH班MP测试),对同构造期长英质脉体中错石进行了探索性分析
    研究,获得了较可靠的剪切带形成的年代学证据—晚石炭世,是年代学研究中的一种尝试,
    也为同样地质环境中构造年代学研究提供了一种新的思路。在上述综合研究基础上,提出晚
    石炭纪为博格达山初始造山的起始时间,初始造山的主要构造表现为南北向韧性剪切收缩应
    变。韧性剪切带的形成为洋壳消减殆尽,板块拼贴,岛弧带内发生造山活动的产物。
     从沉积学角度入手,通过沉积物类型、沉积层序、构造地层层序、古水系、物源等方面
    数据综合分析研究,对研究区的中生代地质环境进行了恢复,认为整个东天山地区在中生代
    期间整体处在伸展的大地构造背景下,并在侏罗纪期间形成吐哈与准噶尔以及塔里木相通的
     “泛湖”。晚古生代石炭纪末的洋壳消减和板块拼合使天山地区整体隆起,海西运动晚期结
    束了残留海相沉积,形成了与准噶尔盆地相通的吐哈、伊犁、三塘湖、柴窝堡等盆地。三叠
    纪沉积盆地分布广泛,尤其是晚三叠世,湖盆范围扩大。侏罗纪整个天山地区相对稳定,整
    体沉降,三塘湖盆地、吐哈盆地、柴窝堡盆地与准噶尔盆地连成一片,形成泛湖泊一河流-
    沼泽沉积背景,焉省盆地、库米什盆地可能与塔里木盆地相连,形成了广泛的湖泊、沼泽。
    由于中侏罗世末期的燕山运动,博格达地区开始不断隆升,但幅度不大,因此将吐哈盆地与
    准噶尔(准东)两盆地暂时“分割”开来,在白坚纪初期,又重新恢复的区域伸展背景下,
    形成湖泊一河流相坳陷型盆地,白至纪中后期吐哈盆地和准噶尔盆地被博格达山彻底分割开
    来。认为伸展机制可能源于板块拼贴后的应力松弛和地壳变形的弹性回跳。
     从博格达山链中广泛发育的逆冲一推覆构造入手,通过褶皱与断层的配套与组、逆冲推
    覆构造的发展序列、变形构造组合样式等综合系统研究,
Although the study on the orogen has been continuing for about 100 years, it is still the hotspot in geology. Especially from the 1980's on, the mechanics of the orogens have become one of the key fields in the solid earth science. The Cenozoic Bogeda mountain chain taken as the representative intracontinental orogen is different from other intracontinental orogens by its especially erogenic process. In allusion to the characteristics of "strong orogeny" and "weak exhibition", the much systemic researches on the orogeny, evolution of Bogeda mountain have been carried out by means of the structural geology, petrology (sediment rocks, volcanic rocks, igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks) and chronology. The re-orogenic model of Bogeda Mountain is put forward. And the Cenozoic dynamics of Bogeda Mountain has been discussed. Based on these, the point of view that the far range effect of collision between Indian Plate and Eurasian Plate and deep structures of lithosphere together control the orogenic process is br
    ought forward.
    Based on the systemic and comprehensive analysis of the data of many other workers, the tectonic setting of the northern part of Xinjiang (including eastern Tian shan) before Permian is analyzed synoptically. For resolving the many questions about the northern part of Xinjiang, the point of view that the many ophiolites outcropped in the northern part of Xinjiang maybe belong to one ocean basin is put forward, i.e. maybe there is only one ocean-Junggar-Tien Shan Ocean (part of paleo-Asian Ocean) developed in the northern part of Xinjiang. Based on this point, the tectonic units of northern part of Xinjiang are plotted out. There are two passive continental margins (Aletai passive continental margin and northern passive continental margin of Tarim) and three Arc-Basin belts (the eastern Junggar Arc-Basin belt in Devonian, the northern Tian Shan Arc-Basin belt in carboniferous and the southern Tian Shan Arc-Basin belt in Devonian). And in the premise of only one ocean, the tectonic evolution of northern part o
    f Xinjiang is discussed, four evolution stages are put forward. They are (1) the extension of continent crust during Sino-Cambrian period; (2) the formation of oceanic basin during Ordovician -Silurian period; (3) the subduction and closure of oceanic basin during Devonian-Carboniferous period; (4) the intercontinental extension during Permian-Triassic period. And the ocean floor subducted symmetrically to the south and north respectively.
    There are many disputations about the geological setting of the Bogeda Mountain, such as small oceanic basin, aulacogen, rift or Island-Arc and so on. Based on the geochemical analysis combining other data, the author thinks that in Devonian time one aulacogen developed in the Bogeda Mountain region, and with the closure of the oceanic basin, the aulacogen developed into one Island-Arc.
    For the first time, the ductile shear zone has been found in the Bogeda Mountain, and this discloses the magic veiling of the initial orogeny. By the detailed analysis on the micro-scale and
    
    
    
    macro-scale structures, the mechanics of the ductile shear zone, the phases of deformation and structural styles of the Bogeda Mountain are ail confirmed. The main deformation of the ductile shear zone was the north-south shortening, and later the extension and strike-slip movement were main ways of deformation, so the shear zone was a superimposed ductile one. Using the most advanced dating method-zircon SHRIMP dating, the author obtained the more reliable age data of the formation of the ductile shear zone, i.e. later Carboniferous. So the author thinks that the time of the initial orogeny of Bogeda Mountain was later Carboniferous, and the main mechanics of deformation was the north-south shear shortening. The formation of the ductile shear zone was the results of the closure of the oceanic basing accretion of plates and orogeny in Island-Arc zone.
    By studying the sediment sequence, the types of sediment material, tectonstratigraphy, paleocurrent and source region, the reconstr
引文
柏美祥、范芳琴、吴晓莉、胡方秋,博格达山北麓活动构造.内陆地震,1997,11(1),pp16-21.
    陈华慧等,新疆天山地区早更新世沉积及其下限.第四纪研究,1994,1,pp39-46.
    陈国达,地洼学说及其实践意义.见:国际交流地质学术论文集(一),1980,北京:地质出版社.
    成守德、王广瑞、杨树德、靳金生、祝皆水,新疆古板块构造.新疆地质,1986,4(2),pp1-26。
    曹守连等,塔里木盆地东北部沉积序列的物源分析.新疆石油地质,1994,15(2),pp126-131.
    崔盛芹、李锦蓉,东亚滨太平洋地区喜马拉雅期构造演化.地质学报,1990(1),pp1-12.
    崔盛芹,论全球性中.新生代陆内造山作用与造山带.地学前缘,1999,6(4),pp283-293.
    陈毓川、毛景文、骆耀南、魏家秀、曹志敏、银剑钊、周剑雄、杨百川,四川大水沟碲(金)矿床地质和地球化学.1996,北京:原子能出版社.
    程裕琪主编,中国区域地质概论.1994,北京:地质出版社。
    陈哲夫、梁云海。新疆多旋回构造与板块运动,新疆地质,1991,9(2),pp95-107.
    陈哲夫,库鲁克塔格地质发展简史及地质构造基本特征.地质论评,1966,24(3).
    陈哲夫、成守德、梁云海、徐新,新疆开合构造与成矿.1997,乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社.
    邓起东。青藏高原活动断裂晚第四纪的运动性质和错动速率兼论青藏高原和内部次级块体的运动学特征.喜马拉雅地质科学国际讨论会论文摘要,1984,pp119—122.
    邓起东、冯先岳、尤惠川、张培震等,新疆独山子-安集海活动逆断裂-褶皱带的变形特征及其形成机制.活动断裂研究,1991a,1期,pp17-36.
    邓起东、冯先岳、张培震、杨晓平、徐锡伟等,乌鲁木齐山前坳陷逆断裂-褶皱带及其形成机制.地学前缘,1999,6(4),pp191-201.
    邓起东、冯先岳、张培震、徐锡伟、杨晓平、彭斯震、李军,天山活动构造.2000,北京:地震出版社.
    地质辞典办公室,地质辞典(一).1983,北京:地质出版社.
    方国庆,东天山古生代板块构造特点及其演化模式.甘肃地质学报,1994,3(1),pp35-40.
    冯新昌、李文铅、李嵩龄,东准噶尔扎曼苏鲍尔羌吉韧形变形带的基本特征.新疆地质,1999,17(4),pp370-376.
    冯先岳,论新疆地震地质特征.地震地质,1985,7(2),pp35-44.
    冯先岳,论天山镶嵌构造,地壳波浪与镶嵌构造研究第2集.1986,pp214-220.
    顾连兴、胡受奚、于春水、李宏宇、肖新建、严正富,东天山博格达造山带石炭纪火山岩及其形成地质环境.岩石学报,2000,16(3),pp305-316.
    顾连兴、胡受奚、于春水、赵明、吴昌志、李宏宇,论博格达俯冲撕裂型裂谷的形成与演化.岩石学报,2001,17(4),pp585-597.
    葛肖虹等,土哈背驮盆地的特征.地学前缘,1995,2(3-4),pp241-244.
    胡冰、王景斌、高振家、陆青、方孝悌,新疆大地构造的几个问题.地质学报,1964,44(2),pp156-170.
    何国琦、李茂松、刘德权、唐延龄、周汝洪,中国新疆古生代地壳演化及成矿.1994,乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,香港:香港文化教育出版社.
    黄汲清,中国主要大地构造单元.1954,北京:地质出版社.
    黄汲清,中国地质构造基本特征的初步总结.地质学报,1960,40(1),pp1-37.
    哈丽娅等,准噶尔盆地北天山山前主要勘探目的层沉积格架.沉积学报,2000,21(6),pp476-480.
    姬金生、杨兴科、李华芹,东天山石炭纪火山岩中锆石年龄的地质意义.矿物岩石地球化学通讯,1994,3,pp166-167.
    姬金生、陶洪祥、曾章仁、杨兴科、张连昌等,东天山康古尔塔格金矿带地质与成矿.1994,北京:地质出版社.
    姬金生、陶洪祥、杨兴科,东天山中段不同构造环境火山岩地球化学特征.岩石矿物学杂志,1994,13(4),pp297-304
    
    
    林畅松等,库车坳陷第三系构造层序的构成特征及其对前陆构造作用的响应.中国科学(D辑),2002,.32(3),pp177-183.
    李春昱、王荃、刘雪亚、汤耀庆,亚洲大地构造图说明书.1982,北京:地图出版社.
    刘和甫、梁慧社、蔡立国等,天山两侧前陆冲断系构造模式与前陆盆地演化.地球科学。1994,19(2),pp727-740.
    李军、冯先岳、陈杰,霍尔果斯活动逆断裂.褶皱构造研究.见:活动断裂研究,1992,北京:地震出版社.
    李锦轶,试论新疆东准噶尔古生代板块构造演化,见:肖序常和汤耀庆主编,吉中亚复合巨型缝合带南缘构造演化,1991,北京:北京科学技术出版社,pp92-108。
    李锦轶、肖序常、汤耀庆、赵民、冯益民、朱宝清,薪疆北部金属矿产与板块构造.新疆地质,1992,10(2),pp138-146.
    兰姆塞JG、胡伯MI,现代构造地质学方法(第二卷:褶皱和断裂).1991,北京:地质出版社.
    李卫东、付延龙、李文铅,鲍尔羌吉韧变花岗岩类地质特征.新疆地质,2000,18(2),pp129-135.
    李卫东,东准噶尔纸房地区前奥陶纪糜棱杂岩的地球化学及岩石成因.第四届天山地质矿产资源学术讨论会文集.2000,乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,pp497-500.
    李卫东、王晓东、范新丽,东准噶尔鲍尔羌吉一带热隆伸展构造的厘定.新疆地质,2002,20(1),pp29-33.
    李勇等,造山作用与沉积响应.矿物岩石,2000(61),pp49-56.
    梁云海、例文铅、李卫东、李亚萍,新疆造山带造山作用及类型.新疆地质,1999,17(4),pp289-297.
    刘兆有、兰庭计,用遥感图象结合地质,物探等资料的解释对新疆基本构造格架的分析.新疆地质,1985,3(1),pp1-11.
    李志忠,天山北麓新构造的形成和演化.新疆大学学报(自然科学版),1994,11(3),pp104-111.
    马明珍,准噶尔盆地东部北三台地区侏罗系地层的物源研究。新疆石油学院学报,1995,7(1),pp33-39.
    马瑞士、叶尚夫、王赐银、刘冠邦,东天山造山带构造格架和演化.新疆地质科学,第二辑,1990,北京;地质出版社,pp21-36.
    马瑞士、叶尚夫、王赐银等,东天山造山带构造格架和演化.新疆地质科学(第二辑),1990,北京:地质出版社.
    马瑞士、王赐银、叶尚夫等,东天山构造格架及地壳演化.1993,南京:南京大学出版社.
    马瑞士、舒良树、孙家齐,东天山构造演化与成矿.1997,北京:地质出版社.
    马天林、孙立、徐兴旺,新疆东天山康古尔金矿控矿构造特征.地质力学学报,1998,4(2),pp45-52.
    M.马托埃,地壳变形.孙坦、张道安译.1984,北京:地质出版社.
    马文璞、李学军、刘和甫、李永林,雪峰隆起的构造性质及其对上扬子东南缘古生代盆地的改造.见:张渝昌等编,江南.雪峰地区的层滑作用及多期复合构造,1993,北京:地质出版社,pp120-147.
    马杏垣、游振东、谭应佳等,中国东部前寒武纪大地构造的样式.地质学报,1963,43(1),pp27-50.
    马杏垣主编,中国岩石圈动力学纲要——1:400万中国及邻区海域岩石圈动力学图说明书.1987,北京:地质出版社.
    马杏垣、丁国瑜、高文学等,中国岩石圈动力学地图集.1989,北京:中国地图出版社.
    马宗晋、高祥林、任金卫等,现今全球构造特征及其动力学解释.第四纪地质,1992,4(1),pp293-305.
    马宗晋、杜品仁,现今地壳运动问题.1995,北京:地质出版社.
    马宗晋、李存悌、高祥林,全球新一中生代构造的基本特征.地质科技情报,1996,15(4),pp21-25。
    马宗晋、赵俊猛,天山与阴山.燕山造山带的深部结构和地震.地学前缘,1999,6(3),pp95-102.
    邱楠生等,准噶尔盆地地温分布特征.地质科学,2001,36(3),pp350-358.
    钱祥麟,造山带。见:中国大百科全书(地质学卷——造山带词条)。1994,北京:科学出版社,635-636.
    任纪舜、姜春发、张正坤、秦德余,中国大地构造演化.1980,北京:科学出版社.
    任纪舜、陈廷愚、牛宝贵等,中国东部及邻区大陆岩石圈的构造演化与成矿.1990,北京:科学出版社.
    任纪舜、王作勋、陈炳蔚、姜春发、牛宝贵、李锦轶、谢广连、和政军、刘志刚,从全球看中国大地构造——中国及邻区大地构造图简要说明.2001,北京:地质出版社.
    芮宗瑶、王龙生、王义天、刘玉琳,东天山土屋和延东斑岩铜矿床时代讨论.矿床地质,2002a,21(1).ppl6-22.
    芮宗瑶、刘玉琳、王龙生、王义天,东天山斑岩型铜矿带及其大地构造格局.地质学报,2002b,76(1),pp83-94.
    孙殷卿、崔盛芹,略论中国主要的地壳运动。见:国际交流地质学术论文集(一).1980,北京:地质出版
    
    社.
    孙殿卿、陈庆宣、崔盛芹等,全球构造格局及其动力学机制研究.地学前缘,1995,2(2),pp137-139.
    宋鸿林,燕山式板内造山带基本特征与动力学探讨.地学前缘,1999,6(4),pp309-316.
    邵磊等,土哈盆地的砂岩特点及构造意义.沉积学报,1999,17(1),pp95-99.
    邵磊等,土哈盆地陆源碎屑沉积环境及物源分析.沉积学报,1999,17(3),pp435-441.
    宋立珩等,西北地区侏罗系盆地典型充填序列.地球学报,1999,20(1),pp97-103.
    沈守文等,土哈盆地侏罗系层序地层学研究.沉积学报,2001,19(2).
    史宣玉等,准噶尔盆地侏罗系沉积体系与油气关系.新疆石油地质,1995,16(3),pp234-241.
    陶明信,土哈盆地大地构造环境分析.沉积学报,1994,12(4).
    王赐银、舒良树、赵明等。东天山北部哈尔里克晚古生代推覆构造与岩浆作用研究.高校地质学报,1996,2(2),pp198-206.
    王道永、邓江红,东准噶尔地区板块构造特征及演化.成都理工学院学报,1995,22(4),pp38-45.
    王国芝等,中新世以来滇西高原隆升的沉积学证据.矿物岩石地球化学通报,1999,18(3),pp168-170.
    王广瑞,新疆北部及邻区地质构造单元与地质发展史.新疆地质,1996,14(1),pp12-27.
    王鸿桢、莫宣学,中国地质构造述要.中国区域地质,1997,11(1),pp4-9.
    邬继易、吕喜朝、张经国、刘成德,中国天山地槽的形成与发展.新疆地质,1986,4(3),pp94-99.
    王龙樟,准噶尔内陆盆地沉积物通量变化与周边山体隆升.岩相吉地理,1996,16(3),pp39-46.
    王润三、王居里,新疆中天山北缘胜利达坂韧性剪切带.新疆地质,1992,10(3),pp204-211.
    王树基,吐鲁番盆地的新构造运动及其表现.干旱区地理,1994,17(1),pp1-8.
    王树基,天山夷平面上的晚新生代沉积及真环境变化.第四纪研究,1998年5月.
    吴世敏等,天山及邻区侏罗纪含煤建造的大地构造意义.煤田地质与勘探.1996(6),pp16-17.
    王绳祖,亚洲大陆岩石圈多层构造模型和塑性流动网络.地质学报,1993,67(1),pp1-18.
    王绳祖,岩石圈下层塑性流动与板缘驱动力的远程传递.长春科技大学学报,1999,29(1),pp1-8.
    万天丰、赵维明,论中国大陆的板内变形机制。地学前缘,2002,9(2),pp451-463.
    王文杰、王信主编,中国东部煤田推覆、滑脱构造与找煤研究.1993,中国矿业大学出版社.
    王洋、陈练武、陶洪祥,北天山东段康古尔塔格碰撞构造.西安地质学院学报,1995,17(3),pp24-30.
    王彦斌、王永、刘训等,天山、西昆仑山中、新生代幕式活动的磷灰石裂变径迹记录.中国区域地质,第20卷第1期,2001年2月.
    王岳军等,盆地沉积物示踪源区山脉隆升剥露的几种方法.地质科技情报,1999,18(2),pp85-89.
    汪正江等,物源分析的研究与展望.沉积与特提斯地质,2000,20(4),pp105-110。
    王作勋、邬继易、吕喜朝、张经国、刘成德,天山多旋回构造演化及成矿.1990,北京:科学出版社.
    王宗秀。俯冲带楔体中逆冲构造的形成及演化——构造物理模拟实验研究.地球学报,1995,35(2),pp165-176.
    王宗秀、许志琴、杨天南、郝美英,川西鲜水河断裂带变形机制研究——一个浅层次高温韧性平移剪切带.中国区域地质,1996,58(3),pp244-251.
    王宗秀、许志琴、杨天南、S.Classou,折多山花岗岩的成因及构造环境.成都理工学院学报,1997,24(1),pp48-55.
    王宗秀、许志琴、杨天南,松潘.甘孜滑脱型山链变形构造演化模式.地质科学,1997,32(3),pp325-336
    王宗秀、唐哲民、杨中柱、杨晓波,大连地区中-新生代构造格架厘定.中国区域地质,2000,19(2),pp120-126.
    王宗秀等,大连地区中生代变形构造研究。地震地质,2000年第四期。
    王宗秀、杨天南、唐哲民,大连地区南北向剪切滑褶变形.岩石矿物学杂志,2001,pp208-216.
    王宗秀、李涛等,博格达山晚石炭纪造山活动的变形地质记录.地学前缘,2003.4(待刊)
    伍致中、郭富贤,再论博格达推覆构造与油气.新疆地质,1991,9(1),pp40-49.
    陶均政、吕正,新疆板块构造初步探讨.新疆地质(国庆30周年论文集),1981.
    向鼎璞,新疆大地构造轮廓.地质论评,1959,19(2),pp49-59.
    新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局,新疆维吾尔自治区区域地质志.1993,北京:地质出版社.
    肖龙,新疆天山造山带地质构造研究进展——兼论陆间型造山带形成的五阶段模式.桂林工学院学报,1999.9(4),pp315-320.
    
    
    薛良清等,西北地区侏罗纪原始沉积物区恢复.沉积学报,2000,18(4),pp539-543.肖序常、(1990、1991、1992)
    谢渊等,准噶尔盆地侏罗系侏罗系沉积体系与油气关系.特提斯地质,1995,13(19),pp119-128.
    胥颐,重力均衡与天山的构造运动.内陆地震,1996,10(3),pp209-216.
    胥颐、冯先岳、B.萨茨洛夫,天山地区的深部速度结构.地震地质,1996,18(4),pp375-381.
    胥颐、刘福田、刘建华,天山上地幔结构及其对壳内构造运动的作用.地震地质,1998,20(4),pp405-412.
    许志琴,地壳变形及显微构造.1984,北京:地质出版社.
    许志琴,剪切应变及金矿床形成机制的探讨.四川地质学报,1990,2.
    许志琴、李海兵、李典致、王宗秀,辽南地壳的收缩作用及伸展作用.地质论评,1991,37(3),pp193-201.
    许志琴、侯立玮、王宗秀等,中国松潘-甘孜造山带的造山过程.1992,北京:地质出版社。
    许志琴、崔军文、张建新,大陆山链变形构造动力学.1996,北京:冶金工业出版社.
    许志琴、张建新、徐惠芬、王宗秀、李海兵、杨天南、邱小平、曾令森、沈坤、陈文,中国主要大陆山链韧性剪切带及动力学.1997。北京:地质出版社.
    喻春辉等,准噶尔盆地与土哈盆地侏罗纪沉积边界的探讨.岩相古地理,1996,16(6),pp48-54.
    俞鸿年、卢华复,构造地质学原理.1998,南京:南京大学出版社.
    尹荷中,新疆北部大地构造的几个特点.新疆地质,1987,5(1),pp35-42.
    喻仁连等.新疆天山构造带中小型山间盆地构造特征及油气勘探方向.新疆石油地质,1996,17(1),pp18-23.
    杨庚等,库车坳陷沉降与天山中新生代构造活动.新疆地质,1995,13(3),pp264-273.
    杨庚 钱祥麟,中新生代天山板内造山带隆升证据;锆石、磷灰石裂变径迹年龄测定。北京大学学报(自然科学版)。第31卷第4期,1995年7月.
    杨树德,新疆北部的古板块构造.1994,12(1),pp1-8.
    杨巍然、杨森楠,造山带结构与演化的现代理论和研究方法—一东秦岭造山带剖析.1993,武汉:中国地质大学出版社.
    杨巍然,论造山作用和造山带。地质论评,1999,45(1),pp10-14.
    袁学诚、左愚、徐新忠、朱介寿、张朝文、李立、赵子言、金昕,阿-阿断面与西夏克拉通。新疆地质科学,第五辑,1994,北京:地质出版社,pp1-18.
    杨兴科、陶洪祥、罗桂昌、姬金生,东天山板块构造基本特征.新疆地质,1996,14(3),pp221-227.
    杨兴科、姬金生、张连昌、曾章仁,东天山大型韧性剪切带基本特征与金矿预测.大地构造与成矿学,1998,22(3).pp209-218.
    杨兴科、姬金生、陈强、陶洪祥,东天山区域韧性剪切带特征.新疆地质,1999,17(1),pp55-64.
    杨晓平、邓起东、冯先岳,北天山吐谷鲁活动逆断裂-背斜几何学、运动学特征研究.见:活动断裂研究,1996,北京:地震出版社.
    杨志华、李勇、苏生瑞、周义,论陆内造山作用和陆内造山带.矿物岩石,2001,21(3),pp169-172.
    朱爱国等,准噶尔盆地东部北三台地区白垩系地层沉积特征。新疆石油学院学报,2001,13(1),pp1-5.
    赵剑峰,天山大地构造性质及其演化.新疆地质,1986,4(1),pp81-87.
    周建勋、漆家福、童亨茂,盆地构造研究中的砂箱模拟实验方法.1999,北京:地震出版社.
    周济元、茅燕石、黄志勋、何大伦、王道永、肖渊甫,东天山古大陆边缘火山地质.1994,成都:成都科技大学出版社.
    周济元、张斌、张朝文、卫管一、陆彦、夏军、崔炳芳、王崇云、李保华,东天山古大陆及其边缘银、徕钼、金和铜矿地质.1996,北京:地质出版社.
    张抗,对塔里木盆地前陆的讨论.新疆石油地质,2000,21(5),pp369-373.
    中科院新疆地理所,天山山体演化.1986,北京:科学出版社.
    张良臣、吴乃元,天山地质构造及发展史.新疆地质,1985,3(3),pp1-14.
    张良臣,中国新疆板块构造与动力学特征.见:新疆第三届天山地质矿产学术讨论会论文选辑,1995,乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,pp1-14.
    张明山,陆内挤压造山带与陆内前陆盆地关系-以塔里木盆地北部与南天山为例.现代地质,1995,11(4),pp461-470.
    张培震、邓起东、徐锡伟,天山北麓玛纳斯活动逆断裂.褶皱带的变形特征与构造演化.活动断裂研究,1994
    
    (3),北京:地震出版社.pp18-32.
    张希明,塔里木盆地北部三叠-侏罗系砂岩碎屑组分与板块构造位置关系的研究.新疆地质,1995,13(3), pp252-255.
    张希明,塔里木盆地中新生代沉积演化特征.新疆地质,2001,19(4),pp246-250.
    赵越,燕山地区中生代造山作用及构造演化.地质论评,1990,36(1),pp2-10.
    张原庆、钱祥麟、李江海,造山作用的两大类型与成因差异.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2002,32
    张一勇等,第三纪年代地层研究和中国第三纪年代地层表地层学杂志.2000,24(2),pp120-125.
    朱志澄主编,构造地质学.1990,北京:中国地质大学出版社.
    A.Yin,S.Nie, ECralg, and T.M.Harrison, Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the southern Chinese Tian Shan, Tectonics, 1998, 17(1), pp1-27.
    Allemand P., Approche experimentale de la mechanique du rifting continental. 1988, Pour obtenir le titre de docteur de l'Universite.
    Allen M B, Zhang Chi, Guo Jinhui, Evolution of the Turpan basin,Chinese Central Asia, Tectonics, 1990, 12, No.4, pp889-896.
    Alien M B, Windly B F, Zhang Chi, Zhao Zhongyan, Wang Guangrui, Basin evolution within and adjacent to the Tianshan Range, NW China, Journal of the Geological Society, 1991, 148, pp369-378.
    Allen M B, Windeley B F and Zhang Chi, Palaeozoic. Collision Tectonics and Magmatism of the Chinese Tiansban, Central Asia, Tectonophysics, 1992, 220, pp89-115.
    Avouac J P, Tapponnier P T, Bai M, You H, Wang G, Active thrusting and folding along the northern Tianshan, and Late Cenozoic rotation of the Tarim relative to Dzhungatia and Kasakhstan, J. Geophys. Res., 1993, 98, pp6755-6840.
    Avouac J P, Tappormier P, Kinematic model of active deformation in Asia, Geophys.Res. Lett., 1993, 20, pp895-898.
    Avouac J P., Burov E B., Erosion as a driving mechanism of intracontinental mountain growth. Geophys. Res,, 1996, 101, pp17747-17769.
    Bally A W, Gordy P L, Stewart G A, Structure, seismic data and orogenic evolution of southern Canadian Rocky Mountains. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 1966, 14, pp.337-381.
    Ben A., Van Der Pluijm, John P., et al, Paleostress in cratonie north America: implications for continental interiors. Science, 1997, 277(8),pp794-796.
    Boyer S E., Elliott D., Thrust System. The Amer. Associ. Petrol. Bull, 1982, 66(9), pp1196-1230.
    Burtman V S., Molnar P., Geological and geophysical evidence for deep subduction of continental crust beneath the Pamir: Boulder, Cororado. Geological Society of America Specal Paper 1993, 281, pp1-76.
    Carroll A R, Yanhai L, Graham S A, Xuchang X, Hendrix M S, Jingi C, McKnight C L, Junggar basin, northwestern China: Trapped late Paleozoic ocean, Tectonophysics, 1990, 181, pp1-14.
    Chen Y., Cogne J P., Courtillot V., Avouac J P., Tapponnier P., et al, Paleomagnetic study of Mesozoic continental sediments along the northern Tianshan and heterogeneous strain in central Asia. J. Geophys. Res., 1990, 96, pp4065-4082.
    Condie K C., Tectonic map of the earth. Md: Williams & Haintz Map Corporation, 1989.
    Cooper M A., The internal geometry of nappes: criteria for models of emplacement From: Thrust and Nappe Tectonics, edited by McClay K.R., Price N.J. pp225-234.
    Cui Shengqin, Wu Zhenhan, On the Mesozoic and Cenozoic intracontinental orogenesis of the Yanshan area, China. In: Zheng, et al, eds. Proceedings of 30th IGC. The Netherlands: VSP-Science Publication, 1997, 14, pp277-292.
    Dahlstrom C D A., Structural geology in the eastern margin of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Bull. Canadian Petrol. Geol., 1970, 18, pp332-406.
    Dewey J E, Bird J M., Mountain belts and the new global tectonics. Jour. Geophys. Res., 1970, 75, pp2625-2647.
    Dewey J F., Hempton M R., Kidd W S F et al, Shortening of the continental lithosphere: the neotectonics of eastern Anatolia-a young collision zone. Collision Tectonics, London: Geological Society Special Publication, 1986, 19, pp3-36.
    
    
    Dewey J F. Extensional collapse oforogens. Tectonics, 1988, 7(6), pp1123-1139.
    England P C., Houseman G A., Finite strain calculations of continental deformation 2, Comparison with the India-Asia collision zone. J. Geophys. Res., 1986, 91, pp3664-3676.
    England P C,, Molnar P., Right-lateral shear and rotation as the explanation for strike-slip faulting in eastern Tibet. Nature, 1990, 344, pp140-142.
    Fleitour L.,Frouidevaux C.,Thermal and mechanical evolution of shear zone.J.struct.Geol. 1980(2), pp 159-164.
    Galbraith.R.F.. On statistical models for fission track counts. Mathematical Geology, 1981, v.13, pp471-478.
    Gleadow.A.J.W.. and Duddy.l,R..1981. A natural long-term annealing experiment for apatite. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements, 1981, v.5, pp 169-174.
    Gripp A E., Gordon R G., Current plate velocities relative to hotspots incorporating the NUVEL-1 Global Plate Motion Model. Geophys. Res. Let., 1990, 17(8), pp 1109-1112.
    Howell D G., Tectonics of suspect terrans: mountain building and continental growth. London: Chapman & Hall. 1989. 232.
    Howell D G., Tarranes tectonics-mountain building and continental growth. 王成善等. 1991,成都:四川科学技术出版社.
    Henddx M S, Graham S A, Carroll A R, Sobel E R, Mcknight C L, Schulein B J, Wang Zuoxun, Sedimentary record and climatic implications of recurrent deformation in the Tianshan: evidence form Mesozoic strata of the Tarim, south Junggar and Turpan basin, Geol. Sci of Am. Bull., 1992, 104, pp53-79.
    Hendrix M S, Dumitru T A, Graham S A, Late Oligocene-early Miocene unroofing in the Chinese Tianshan: An early effect of the India-Asia collision, Geology, 1994, 22, pp487-490.
    Hokada T.,Suzuki S.,Motoyoshi Y. et al,On the partial melting during UHT metamorphism:Implications from mineral texture, feldspar thermometry and zircon chemistry of the Arehaean Napier complex, East Antarctica, AGU.ln:Westem Pacific Geophysics Meeting, Abstracts.2000,V31A-03
    kluang T K, On Major Tectonic Forms of Chin& Ser. A, No.20, 165pp., 8pls, (with Chinese summary of 11 pages)
    Hlufford.A.J.. and Green.P.F., The zeta age calibration of fission-track dating. Chemical Geology, 1983, v.l, pp 285-317.
    Hurlow H A., Snoke A W., Hodges K V., Temperature and pressure of mylonitization in a Tertiary extensional shear zone, Ruby Mountains-East Humboldt Range, Nevada: Tectonic implications. Geoiogygg,1991, 19(1), pp82-85.
    Jamison W R, Geometric analysis of fold development in overthrust terraces. J. Struct. Geol., 1987, 9, pp207-219.
    Jones P B., Folded faults and sequences of thrusting in Alberta foothills. Amer. Associ. Petrol. Geologists Bull, 1971, 55, pp292-306.
    Khain V E., Mikhaylov A E., General geotectonies (in Russian). Moseiw: Nedra, 1985, 326.
    Lallemand S E., Possible interaction between mantle dynamics and high rates of arc consumption by subduction processes in cireu-Pacific area. In: Martin et al eds. Mantle dynamics and plate interaction in East Asia, Washington D C: AGU, 1998.
    Larsen L.H.,Poldervaart A.,Measurement and distribution of zircons in some granitic rocks of magmatic origin.Mineral Mag.,1957,31, pp544-564.
    Lee J S, Geology of China. London: Thomas Murby and Co. 1939, pp528.
    Leonov Yu G., Khain V E eds. Tectonic map of the world, 1:45 000 000. Leningrad: National Geological Institute, 1984.
    Lister G S and A.W.Snoke A W, S-Cmylonites. J. Struct. Geol. 1984, 6, pp 617-638.
    Longwell C R., Kober's theory of orogeny. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 1923, Vol. 34, pp231-242.
    Malavieille J., Modelisation experimentale des chvauehements: Application aux ehaines de montagnes. Genlogieal Society of France Bulletin, 1988,7, pp129-138.
    Matta P., Tapponnier P., Amaud N. et al, Tectonics of western Tibet, between the Tarim and the Indus. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 1996, 142, pp311-324.
    
    
    Mattauer M, Subduction de lithosphere continentale, decollcmcnt croutc-manteau of chcvauchcmcnts dechelle crustale dans la chaine de collision himalayenne, C. R. Acad Sc. Paris, 1983, 296, pp 481-486.
    Mattauer M, Intracontinental subduction, crust-mantle deeollement and crustal stacking wedge in the Himalayas and other collision Belts. In: M. P. Coward and A. C. Ries(editors). Collision Tectonics, Geol. Society Spec. Publ. 1986, 19, pp37-50.
    McClay K R., Ellis P G., Geometries of extensional fault systems developed in model experiments. Geology, 1986, 15, pp341-344.
    McClay K R., Glossary of thrust tectonics terms. In:K.R.McClay(Editor), Thrust Tectonics. Chapman and Hall, London, 1992, pp419-433.
    Molnar P., Tapponnier P., Cenozoic tectonics of Asia: effecta of a continental collision. Science, 1975, 189, pp419-426.
    Molnar P., Tapponnier P., Active tectonics of Tibet. Geophys. Res., 1978, 83, pp5361-5375.
    Molnar P., Continental tectonics in the aftermath of the plate tectonics. Nature, 1988, 335(6186), pp131-137.
    Molnar P., H. Lyon-Caen, Fault plane solution of earthquakes and active tectonics of the Tibatan Plateau and its margins. Geophys. J. Int., 1989, 99, pp123-153.
    Neil E A., Houseman G A., Geodynamics of the Tarim basin and Tianshan in central Asian. Tectonics, 1997, 16(4), pp571-584.
    Pan Y., Kidd W S F., Nyainqentauglha shear zone: A late Miocene extensional detachment in the southern Tibetan Plateau. Geology, 1992, 20, pp775-778.
    Peltzer G., Tapponnier P., Formation and evaluation of strike-slip faults, rifts, and basins during the India-Asia collision: an experimental approach. J. Geophys. Res., 1987, 93, pp15,085-15,117.
    Price R A., Large scale gravitational flow of supercrustal rocks, Southern Canasdian Rockies. Gravity and Tectonics, 1973, New York, pp491-502.
    Pupin J.P., Zircon and granite prtroiogy.Contrib.Mineral Petro., 1980,73, pp207-220.
    Ramsay J G, Shear zone geometry: a review. J. Struet, Geol., 1980, Vol.2.
    Robb L.J.,Armstrong R.A.,Waters D.J.,The history of granulitefacies metamorphism and crustal growth from single zircon U-Pbgeochronology:Namaqualand,South Africa.Journal of Petrology, 1999,40(12), pp1747-1770.
    Roceker S Wet al, Three-dimensional elastic wave velocity velocity structure of the western and central Tien Shau. J. G. R. 1993, 98(B9).
    Roecker S., Velocity structure of the Pamir-Hindu Kush region: Possible evidence for subducted crust. J. Geophys. Res., 1982, 87, pp945-959.
    Rogers J., A history of continents in the past three billion years. Geology, 1996, 104, pp91-107.
    Royse F J., Warner M A., Reese D L., Thrust belt structural geometry and related stratigraphic prob;ems, Wyoming-ldaho-Northern Utah, Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, Symposium on Deep Drilling Frontiers in Central Rocky Mountains, 1975, pp4-54.
    Sengor A M C, Tectonics and orogeny after 25 years——A Tethyan perspective. Earth Sci. Rev, 1990, 27, pp1-201.
    Stille H., Die begriffe orogenese und epirogenese. Z. Dtsch. Geol. Ges. Monatsber., 1919, 71, pp164-208.
    Suppe J, Geometry and kinematics of fault bend folding. Am. J. Sci., 1983, 283, pp684-721.
    Tapponnier P., Molnar P., Slip-line firld theory and large-scale continental tectonics. Nature, 1976, 264, pp319-324.
    Tapponnier P., Molnar P., Active faulting and tectonics in China. J. Geophys. Res., 1977, 82, pp2905-2930.
    Tapponnier P, Molnar P, Active faulting and Cenozoic tectonics of the Tien Shan, Mongolia, and Baykal regions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1979, 84(B7), pp3425-3459.
    Tapponnier P., Pelzer G., Le Dain A Y., Armijo R., Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia: New insight from simple experiments with plasticine. Geology, 1982, 10, pp611-616.
    Tapponnier P., Peltzer D., Armijo R., On the machanics of the collision between India and Asia. Geol. Soc. London Spec., 1986, 19, pp115-157.
    
    
    Teyssier C, A crustal thrust system in an intracratonic enviroment. Struct. Geology, 1985, 7, pp689-700.
    Twiss RJ., Moores E M., Structural Geology. 1992, W.H. Freeman and Company.
    Vann I R., Graham R H., Hayward A B., The structure of mountain fronts Journal of Structural Geology, 1986, 8, No.3-4, pp215-227.
    Wilson J T., On the building and classification of mountains. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1990, 95(B5), pp6611-6628.
    Windley B F, Allen M B, Zhang C, Zhao Z Y, Wang G R, Paleozoic accretion and Cenozoic redeformation of the Chinese Tianshan Range, central Asia, Geology, 1990, 18, pp128-131.
    Wong W H, Crustal movement and igneous activities in eastern China since Mesozoic time. Bull. Geol. Soc. China, 1927, 6, 1, p.9-36.
    Woodward N B., Boyer S E., Suppe J., An outline of balanced cross-sections. University of Tennessee, Studies in Geology, 1985, 11, 170pp.
    Xu X W., Deng Q D., Nonlinear characteristics of paleoseismicity in China. J. Geophys. Res., 1996, 101, pp6209-6231.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700