毫米波多卜勒制导雷达信号处理方法研究
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摘要
乘性噪声的干扰和非匀速相对运动所引起的多项式相位调制是毫米波多卜勒制导雷达信号处理中所面临的主要问题。从非平稳信号处理的观点来研究和解决这一问题，一直是信号处理领域的主要方向和热点之一。本文以循环平稳信号处理作为主要工具，详细研究了加性和乘性噪声联合干扰下的雷达运动目标信号的检测和参数估计问题。
论文首次提出并研究了加速度模糊函数和加速度分辨力的有关概念，并以加速度模糊函数为分析工具，详细讨论了加速度对线性相位匹配滤波器的输出信噪比的损失程度、对多卜勒频率分辨能力的影响程度、对最优相参积累时间的约束关系以及线性相位匹配滤波器输出受加速度影响的容限等问题。加速度模糊函数及其分辨力的概念不仅丰富了雷达信号理论的有关内容，为雷达参数设计和性能分析提供了一定的指导意义；而且也为实际工作中定量地衡量加速度对信号处理的影响提供了分析手段。通过对加速度模糊函数的形态分析也指明了针对线性调频信号的二次相位匹配处理(Chirp-Fourier变换)在应用到制导雷达信号处理中所存在的缺陷。
论文紧密结合多卜勒制导雷达信号的处理的特点以及实际工程应用背景的要求，采用了复观测信号、共轭循环矩、窄带高斯色噪声等主要约束条件作为信号处理的模型特征，详细研究了加性和乘性噪声联合干扰下的雷达运动目标信号的检测和参数估计问题。
首先，论文分别以加性和乘性噪声联合干扰下的复谐波信号和复线性调频信号为观测模型，构造了基于不同阶次的循环矩检测统计量，从理论上推导出了检测器的信噪比表达式，分析了检测器性能与噪声统计特性的关系，通过Monte-Carlo仿真试验得到了检测性能的曲线，验证了推导的有关结论。
然后，论文同样以加性和乘性噪声联合干扰下的复谐波信号和复线性调频信号为观测模型，分别构造了基于不同阶次的循环矩估计量，从理论上推导出了估计量的大样本方差表达式，分析了估计量性能与噪声统计特性的约束关系，通过Monte-Carlo仿真试验得到了估计性能的曲线，验证了推导的有关结论。
论文的研究虽然是基于不高于二次相位项的非平稳信号，但是其思想方法也可以推广到更高阶的多项式相位信号。
The jamming of multiple noise and the polynomial phase modulation caused by non-uniform relative motion are the main problems in MMW Doppler guidance radar signal processing. To Research and solve this problem, from the viewpoint of non-stationary signal processing, has been one of the important direction and hotspot in the signal processing domain. This paper carries out a thorough research on signal detection and parameter estimation of moving target under the co-jamming of additive and multiple noise, with the tools of cyclostationary signal processing.
In this paper, the concept of Acceleration Ambiguity Function (AAF) and Acceleration Resolution is put forward for the first time. Using AAF, the effects of target's relative acceleration on several outputs of a linear-phase matched filter are analyzed, such as the output signal-noise-ratio loss, the Doppler resolution, the constraint on optimal accumulative time (OPT) and their tolerable limits. The representation of AAF and its resolution not only enriches relative theory of radar signal processing and is instructive in radar parameter design and performance analysis, but also provides a practical method to quantitatively evaluate the acceleration effects on signal processing. Through the detailed analysis of the AAF, the defection of using Chirp-Fourier Transform in guidance radar signal processing is pointed out.
Based on the characters of signal processing in Doppler guidance radar and the background of actual engineering application, conditions including the complex observation signal, the conjugate cyclic moment and the narrowband gauss color noise are adopted to characterize the observation signal model. Signal detection and parameter estimation of radar maneuvering target under the co-jamming of additive and multiply noise are researched profoundly.
First of all, by establishing the observation model of complex harmonic signal and complex linear chirp signal respectively under the co-jamming of additive and multiply noise, the paper constructed cyclic moment detectors of different orders, deduced SNR expression of the detector through theoretic analysis, discussed the relation of detector performance and noise statistical characteristic. The curve of detection performance is obtained through Monte Carlo simulation test, proving the related conclusion derived.
And then, adopting the same model, cyclic moment estimation statistic of different orders are constructed respectively, large sample variance expressions of the estimator
through theoretic analysis are derived, as well as the constraint relation of estimator performance and noise statistical characteristic. The curve of estimation performance is obtained through Monte Carlo simulation test, which proves the related conclusion derived.
Although the work is based on the nonstationary signal of quadratic phase, the methods can also be extended to higher-order polynomial phase signal.
论文首次提出并研究了加速度模糊函数和加速度分辨力的有关概念，并以加速度模糊函数为分析工具，详细讨论了加速度对线性相位匹配滤波器的输出信噪比的损失程度、对多卜勒频率分辨能力的影响程度、对最优相参积累时间的约束关系以及线性相位匹配滤波器输出受加速度影响的容限等问题。加速度模糊函数及其分辨力的概念不仅丰富了雷达信号理论的有关内容，为雷达参数设计和性能分析提供了一定的指导意义；而且也为实际工作中定量地衡量加速度对信号处理的影响提供了分析手段。通过对加速度模糊函数的形态分析也指明了针对线性调频信号的二次相位匹配处理(Chirp-Fourier变换)在应用到制导雷达信号处理中所存在的缺陷。
论文紧密结合多卜勒制导雷达信号的处理的特点以及实际工程应用背景的要求，采用了复观测信号、共轭循环矩、窄带高斯色噪声等主要约束条件作为信号处理的模型特征，详细研究了加性和乘性噪声联合干扰下的雷达运动目标信号的检测和参数估计问题。
首先，论文分别以加性和乘性噪声联合干扰下的复谐波信号和复线性调频信号为观测模型，构造了基于不同阶次的循环矩检测统计量，从理论上推导出了检测器的信噪比表达式，分析了检测器性能与噪声统计特性的关系，通过Monte-Carlo仿真试验得到了检测性能的曲线，验证了推导的有关结论。
然后，论文同样以加性和乘性噪声联合干扰下的复谐波信号和复线性调频信号为观测模型，分别构造了基于不同阶次的循环矩估计量，从理论上推导出了估计量的大样本方差表达式，分析了估计量性能与噪声统计特性的约束关系，通过Monte-Carlo仿真试验得到了估计性能的曲线，验证了推导的有关结论。
论文的研究虽然是基于不高于二次相位项的非平稳信号，但是其思想方法也可以推广到更高阶的多项式相位信号。
The jamming of multiple noise and the polynomial phase modulation caused by non-uniform relative motion are the main problems in MMW Doppler guidance radar signal processing. To Research and solve this problem, from the viewpoint of non-stationary signal processing, has been one of the important direction and hotspot in the signal processing domain. This paper carries out a thorough research on signal detection and parameter estimation of moving target under the co-jamming of additive and multiple noise, with the tools of cyclostationary signal processing.
In this paper, the concept of Acceleration Ambiguity Function (AAF) and Acceleration Resolution is put forward for the first time. Using AAF, the effects of target's relative acceleration on several outputs of a linear-phase matched filter are analyzed, such as the output signal-noise-ratio loss, the Doppler resolution, the constraint on optimal accumulative time (OPT) and their tolerable limits. The representation of AAF and its resolution not only enriches relative theory of radar signal processing and is instructive in radar parameter design and performance analysis, but also provides a practical method to quantitatively evaluate the acceleration effects on signal processing. Through the detailed analysis of the AAF, the defection of using Chirp-Fourier Transform in guidance radar signal processing is pointed out.
Based on the characters of signal processing in Doppler guidance radar and the background of actual engineering application, conditions including the complex observation signal, the conjugate cyclic moment and the narrowband gauss color noise are adopted to characterize the observation signal model. Signal detection and parameter estimation of radar maneuvering target under the co-jamming of additive and multiply noise are researched profoundly.
First of all, by establishing the observation model of complex harmonic signal and complex linear chirp signal respectively under the co-jamming of additive and multiply noise, the paper constructed cyclic moment detectors of different orders, deduced SNR expression of the detector through theoretic analysis, discussed the relation of detector performance and noise statistical characteristic. The curve of detection performance is obtained through Monte Carlo simulation test, proving the related conclusion derived.
And then, adopting the same model, cyclic moment estimation statistic of different orders are constructed respectively, large sample variance expressions of the estimator
through theoretic analysis are derived, as well as the constraint relation of estimator performance and noise statistical characteristic. The curve of estimation performance is obtained through Monte Carlo simulation test, which proves the related conclusion derived.
Although the work is based on the nonstationary signal of quadratic phase, the methods can also be extended to higher-order polynomial phase signal.
引文
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