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水污染物排放权交易技术方法研究
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摘要
目前,水资源短缺和水环境污染已成为制约我国经济与社会发展的一大障
    碍。因此,寻求科学、经济、有效的水污染防治对策措施,促进国民经济和社会
    的持续发展,一直是我国政府和广大环境科技工作者关心的焦点。本文从可持续
    发展的观点出发,注重经济、社会和环境效益的协调统一,综合运用多学科的理
    论和技术,对水污染物排放权交易的理论和体系进行了较为深入的探讨和研究,
    从而确定了水污染物排放权交易的技术方法。本文主要内容如下:
     (1)对我国水环境问题和国内外污染物排放权交易研究进展进行分析,论
    述在我国开展水污染物排放权交易技术方法研究的必要性、紧迫性以及尚待解决
    的问题。
     (2)从对污染物排放行为的分析入手,以可持续发展理论为指导,确立污
    染物排放权和排污权交易的概念,提出水污染物排放权交易体系理论,构建水污
    染物排放权交易体系框架,并论述水污染物排放权交易的可行性。
     (3)综合运用环境科学、化学、水文水资源学和数理统计等学科知识,针
    对水污染物的特点,建立水污染物排放权技术理论,对水污染物的计量和排污权
    的计量、分配、核定以及取得等相关技术进行研究。
     (4)依据经济学原理、水环境承载力特征和污染治理工程分析,研究排污
    权交易市场的特殊性,探讨排污权交易市场的构成、运作和监督管理,确定水污
    染物排放权交易的市场运作技术规则,分析排污权的交易价格。
     (5)根据环境监测技术现状和发展趋势,研究适用的水污染物排放总量监
    测技术和计算方法。
     (6)依据环境保护法律法规和管理要求,研究水环境资源管理的支撑系统,
    确定水污染物排放权交易的调控技术措施。
     (7)以江苏省为例,对水污染物排放权交易体系进行总体设计,确定开展
    排污权交易的具体技术规定、实施步骤和保证措施。
     本研究旨在探索一条全新的水污染控制途径,为推行水污染物排放权交易政
    策提供有力的技术依据,从而优化环境资源配置,减少污染治理总体费用,改善
    水环境质量,促进经济建设与环境保护的协调发展。
Research on the Methodology and Technique of Water Pollutant Emissions Trading
    ABSTRACT
    At present, the shortage of water resources and seriousness of water pollution are greatly hindering social and economic development in China. An effective water pollution control policy with' sound scientific and economic basis is crucial for China's sustainable development and has been the research focus of environmental scientists and analysts. In this paper, based on the theory of sustainable development, an in-depth multi-disciplinary study of the theory and practice of water pollutant emissions trading is conducted, the methodology and technique of water pollutant emissions trading is presented as follows:
    (1) To research the current domestic and foreign progress of water pollutant emissions trading; to lay out the necessity, urgency, and issues to be resolved.
    (2) Based on the theory of sustainable development, to establish the concept, theory and policy framework of water pollutant emissions trading. Its feasibility is also discussed.
    (3) Based on the theory of environment science, chemistry, hydrology and statistics, to establish the theory of water pollutant emissions right and detailed study of relevant techniques incfuding: metering, allocation, obtention, confirmation, etc.
    (4) Based on economic theory, principle of water environment capacity and environmental engineering analysis, to study the specific characteristics of water pollutant emissions trading, the establishment of water pollutant emissions trading market, its operation and management. The detailed technical guideline of water pollutant emissions trading is also presented with an analysis of the future trading prices.
    (5) Based on the current development of monitoring techniques, to establish the relevant monitoring and calculation guidelines of the total water pollutants
    
    
    amount.
    (6) Based on current environmental policy and regulation, to study the support system of water resources management and management instruments of water pollutant emissions trading.
    (7) The overall design of water pollutant emissions trading system in Jiangsu province, and relevant technical guidelines, operation detailed and support policies.
    This goal of this study is to establish a new approach to water pollution control and to provide technical basis for water pollutant emissions trading policy. It is expected the outcome of this study will help optimize water resources, reduce overall control cost, improve water quality, and promote sustainable development.
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