新疆土屋—延东斑岩铜矿带多源信息成矿机制与成矿预测研究
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摘要
新疆土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带是东天山地区具有较大远景的大型矿集区之一,应用基于GIS的成矿综合信息集成方法,开展新疆土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带成矿预测研究,将有助于东天山地区斑岩铜矿的勘探开发,并丰富大型-超大型斑岩铜矿的成矿理论与勘探技术。论文以野外地质、矿产、地球物理、地球化学及遥感等新资料为依据,以综合信息成矿预测理论、地质异常成矿预测理论及板块构造成矿理论等理论为指导,基于GIS的综合信息成矿预测研究方法及技术,探讨了土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带区域成矿多源信息地质背景、矿带成矿地质条件及矿床成矿地质特征,揭示了东天山成矿区、土屋-延东斑岩铜矿成矿带成矿规律,初步建立了土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带典型矿床成矿模式及综合信息找矿模型,开展了成矿预测研究,取得了研究区部分区域的局域性地质异常定量预测成果。论文研究取得以下主要创新性成果:
1)获取了土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带地球物理、地球化学、遥感和野外地质调查的成矿多源新信息,进一步证实了斑岩铜矿带形成于岛弧环境、成矿岩体具有埃达克岩特征的观点。
土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带形成于两大板块对接型边缘的岛弧带大地构造环境,与东西向断裂线状构造和环状岩浆成因机构密切相关,存在地球物理、地球化学和遥感背景异常;含矿岩体为企鹅山火山喷发旋回的次火山岩相,具有多源性和多期次成矿特点,易在埃达克岩体顶部富集成矿;受基底深大断裂—康古尔塔格深大断裂及韧性变形剪切带的影响,成矿物质条件为多来源多期次的中-酸性岩浆岩及其派生的浅成-超浅成次火山岩相岩枝状和岩脉状斑(玢)岩(斜长花岗斑岩与闪长玢岩)及企鹅山群中-基性火山-碎屑岩建造,斑岩铜矿是构造-岩浆-流体的耦合作用的产物。
2)探索了土屋-延东斑岩铜矿成矿带成矿规律和典型矿床成矿机制,认为铜矿带形成于拼贴增生岛弧、构造岩浆和地层综合控制、以岩浆热液流体为主的成矿模式。
东天山成矿区在成矿时空分布上表现为成矿演化的四个阶段及其分别对应的四个成矿带,从北到南依次为斑岩铜成矿带、金、铜镍硫化物成矿带、铁(铜)、银多金属成矿带和中天山地块铁、铅锌、银成矿带的分带规律性;斑岩铜矿带在空间上处于准噶尔板块与塔里木板块对接型活动边缘的拼贴增生岛弧,主要受康古尔塔格深大断裂及其衍生的次一级断裂或火山机构控制,而时间上具有多期次成矿的规律性,主要成矿与俯冲-碰撞阶段(早石炭晚期-晚石炭晚期)的构造-岩浆作用有关。成矿物质来源以上地幔物质和洋壳部分熔融为主,成矿流体来源为岩浆热液和大气降水,铜矿带形成于以岩浆热液流体为主的成矿模式。
3)建立了土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带基于GIS的综合信息找矿模型,预测并确定了铜、金组合异常找矿有利地段和地质异常找矿靶区。综合信息找矿模型是基于GIS的地球物理、地球化学、矿床地质学成矿空间信息的集成,以区域性找矿标志、矿带标志、矿床标志等空间信息为核心内涵。通过对1:20万地质、矿产、化探和遥感资料的分析研究,应用地理信息系统MAPGIS软件,作出了大草滩幅下半幅的铜矿预测图(E92°00′—93°00′,N42°00′—42°20′),经过预测,圈出大小和面积不等的找矿可行地段共15处,圈出铜、金组合异常找矿有利地段13处,总面积342.67km2。地质异常找矿靶区的分布位置、范围与预测出的找矿可行地段和有利地段的位置、范围基本上一致。
该论文有图51幅,表23个,参考文献148篇。
Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt in Xinjiang is one of the large ore deposit cluster having larger prospect in East Tianshan area. Metallogenic prognosis research of Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt in Xinjiang by using integrated approach of mineralization synthetic information supported by geographical information system (GIS) is conduces to exploratory development of porphyry copper in east Tianshan area and rich metallogenic theory and exploratory development of large scale and superhuge porphyry copper. In this paper, based on the new data of field geology, mineral, geophysics, geochemistry and remote sensing, under the direction of mineralization prognosis theory of synthetic information and geologic anomaly and mineralization theory of plate tectonics, by using mineralization prognosis research approach and technique of synthetic information supported by GIS, geologic setting, mine belt Metallogenic conditions and deposit Metallogenic features of regional metallogeny multiple information for Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper belt were discuss, Metallogenic Regulation of East Tianshan metallogenic province and Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt were revealed, metallogenic model of typical deposit and ore-prospecting model of synthetic information for Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt were initially established, metallogenic prognosis research was developed and quantitative prediction results of locality geologic anomaly in some part of research area were gained. The chiefly innovative achievements obtained in this paper are as follows:
1) New mineralization multi-source information of geophysics, geochemistry, remote sensing and field geology investigation for Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt were obtained; the viewpoint that porphyry copper belt formed from island arc setting and metallogenic rock body having Adakite characteristics was further confirmed.
Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt was formed in island-arc belt tectonic setting in the butt joint fringes of two plates, was closely related to E-W direction linear fracture structure and cyclical magmatic origin organization, and has exceptional geophysics, geochemistry and remote sensing background; Ore-bearing rock which has Metallogenic features of multiple source and multiple phase and easily is subvolcanic lithofacies under Penguin Mountain volcanic-eruptive cycle enrichment mineralize on the top of Adakite rock; with the affections of basal discordogenic fault-Kangguertage discordogenic fault and ductile deformation shear belt, the Metallogenic conditions of porphyry copper are intermediate and acidic magmatic rock with multiple source and multiple phase, granite-porphyry and diorite-porphyrite as apophysal and dikes derived by intermediate and acidic magmatic rock with epizonal and super epizonal subvolcanic lithofacies and neutral and basic volcanic rock and clastic rock construction in Penguin Mountain group, in a word, porphyry copper is the coupling production of structure-magmatic-fluid
2) The regularity of porphyry copper metallogenic belt and the typical deposit forming mechanism of Tuwu-Yandong were explored. The copper mine belt was formed from the metallogenic model that dominated by magmatic hydrothermal fluids, and controlled by an island arc of collage and proliferation, tectonic magma and formation.
East Tianshan metallogenic area has four metallogenic belts in the space distribution and four stages of evolution correspondingly by time. The four metallogenic belts includes porphyry Cu-polymetallic metallogenic belt, Au-Cu-poly metal sulfide metallogenic belt, Fe(Cu)-Ag-ploymetallic metallogenic belt, and Fe-Pb-Zn-Ag-ploymetallic metallogenic belt in Zhongtianshan district form north to south. The porphyry Cu-polymetallic metallogenic belt is located at the island arc of collage and proliferation which is in the active edge of the butt type of the Junggar and Tarim plate. It is influenced by kangguertage discordogenic fault, its derived fractures, or volcanic apparatus. The metallogenic belt has regular multiple phase mineralizations in geologic period, which is concerned with tectonic-magmatic effects in the stage of subduction-collision, from the late Early Carboniferous to the late Late Carboniferous. The upper mantle and partial melting of oceanic crust were the main metallogenic material sources, and the magmatic hydrothermal fluids and atmospheric precipitation played a key roled in the source of ore-forming fluids. As a result, the porphyry Cu-polymetallic metallogenic belt has a mineralization model relying mainly on magmatic hydrothermal fluid.
3) The ore-prospecting model of integrated information supported by GIS is created in the Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt, the favorable parts for bonanza ores for Cu-Au anomaly and ore-prospecting targets for geological anomaly are forecasted and determined. This model is the integrated metallogenic space information of geophysics, geochemistry, geology of ore deposits supported by GIS system, and the kernel of it is a regional ore-prospecting, belt marks, deposits and other spatial information signs. The copper prognostic map (E92°00’-93°00’, N42°00’-42°20’), about the under half-size pieces of the Dacaotan chart, has been made by the MAPGIS by analyzing the geological, mineral, geochemical and remote sensing data (1:200000). A total of 15 possible sites of feasible ore-prospecting segments were given after prediction, 13 favorable areas for Cu-Au anomaly were obtained with a total area of 342.67 km2. The result shows that the distribution of geological anomaly ore-prospecting targets is consistent with the feasible and favorable prospecting segments by forecasting.
This paper has 51figures, 23 tables, 148 references.
1)获取了土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带地球物理、地球化学、遥感和野外地质调查的成矿多源新信息,进一步证实了斑岩铜矿带形成于岛弧环境、成矿岩体具有埃达克岩特征的观点。
土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带形成于两大板块对接型边缘的岛弧带大地构造环境,与东西向断裂线状构造和环状岩浆成因机构密切相关,存在地球物理、地球化学和遥感背景异常;含矿岩体为企鹅山火山喷发旋回的次火山岩相,具有多源性和多期次成矿特点,易在埃达克岩体顶部富集成矿;受基底深大断裂—康古尔塔格深大断裂及韧性变形剪切带的影响,成矿物质条件为多来源多期次的中-酸性岩浆岩及其派生的浅成-超浅成次火山岩相岩枝状和岩脉状斑(玢)岩(斜长花岗斑岩与闪长玢岩)及企鹅山群中-基性火山-碎屑岩建造,斑岩铜矿是构造-岩浆-流体的耦合作用的产物。
2)探索了土屋-延东斑岩铜矿成矿带成矿规律和典型矿床成矿机制,认为铜矿带形成于拼贴增生岛弧、构造岩浆和地层综合控制、以岩浆热液流体为主的成矿模式。
东天山成矿区在成矿时空分布上表现为成矿演化的四个阶段及其分别对应的四个成矿带,从北到南依次为斑岩铜成矿带、金、铜镍硫化物成矿带、铁(铜)、银多金属成矿带和中天山地块铁、铅锌、银成矿带的分带规律性;斑岩铜矿带在空间上处于准噶尔板块与塔里木板块对接型活动边缘的拼贴增生岛弧,主要受康古尔塔格深大断裂及其衍生的次一级断裂或火山机构控制,而时间上具有多期次成矿的规律性,主要成矿与俯冲-碰撞阶段(早石炭晚期-晚石炭晚期)的构造-岩浆作用有关。成矿物质来源以上地幔物质和洋壳部分熔融为主,成矿流体来源为岩浆热液和大气降水,铜矿带形成于以岩浆热液流体为主的成矿模式。
3)建立了土屋-延东斑岩铜矿带基于GIS的综合信息找矿模型,预测并确定了铜、金组合异常找矿有利地段和地质异常找矿靶区。综合信息找矿模型是基于GIS的地球物理、地球化学、矿床地质学成矿空间信息的集成,以区域性找矿标志、矿带标志、矿床标志等空间信息为核心内涵。通过对1:20万地质、矿产、化探和遥感资料的分析研究,应用地理信息系统MAPGIS软件,作出了大草滩幅下半幅的铜矿预测图(E92°00′—93°00′,N42°00′—42°20′),经过预测,圈出大小和面积不等的找矿可行地段共15处,圈出铜、金组合异常找矿有利地段13处,总面积342.67km2。地质异常找矿靶区的分布位置、范围与预测出的找矿可行地段和有利地段的位置、范围基本上一致。
该论文有图51幅,表23个,参考文献148篇。
Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt in Xinjiang is one of the large ore deposit cluster having larger prospect in East Tianshan area. Metallogenic prognosis research of Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt in Xinjiang by using integrated approach of mineralization synthetic information supported by geographical information system (GIS) is conduces to exploratory development of porphyry copper in east Tianshan area and rich metallogenic theory and exploratory development of large scale and superhuge porphyry copper. In this paper, based on the new data of field geology, mineral, geophysics, geochemistry and remote sensing, under the direction of mineralization prognosis theory of synthetic information and geologic anomaly and mineralization theory of plate tectonics, by using mineralization prognosis research approach and technique of synthetic information supported by GIS, geologic setting, mine belt Metallogenic conditions and deposit Metallogenic features of regional metallogeny multiple information for Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper belt were discuss, Metallogenic Regulation of East Tianshan metallogenic province and Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt were revealed, metallogenic model of typical deposit and ore-prospecting model of synthetic information for Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt were initially established, metallogenic prognosis research was developed and quantitative prediction results of locality geologic anomaly in some part of research area were gained. The chiefly innovative achievements obtained in this paper are as follows:
1) New mineralization multi-source information of geophysics, geochemistry, remote sensing and field geology investigation for Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt were obtained; the viewpoint that porphyry copper belt formed from island arc setting and metallogenic rock body having Adakite characteristics was further confirmed.
Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt was formed in island-arc belt tectonic setting in the butt joint fringes of two plates, was closely related to E-W direction linear fracture structure and cyclical magmatic origin organization, and has exceptional geophysics, geochemistry and remote sensing background; Ore-bearing rock which has Metallogenic features of multiple source and multiple phase and easily is subvolcanic lithofacies under Penguin Mountain volcanic-eruptive cycle enrichment mineralize on the top of Adakite rock; with the affections of basal discordogenic fault-Kangguertage discordogenic fault and ductile deformation shear belt, the Metallogenic conditions of porphyry copper are intermediate and acidic magmatic rock with multiple source and multiple phase, granite-porphyry and diorite-porphyrite as apophysal and dikes derived by intermediate and acidic magmatic rock with epizonal and super epizonal subvolcanic lithofacies and neutral and basic volcanic rock and clastic rock construction in Penguin Mountain group, in a word, porphyry copper is the coupling production of structure-magmatic-fluid
2) The regularity of porphyry copper metallogenic belt and the typical deposit forming mechanism of Tuwu-Yandong were explored. The copper mine belt was formed from the metallogenic model that dominated by magmatic hydrothermal fluids, and controlled by an island arc of collage and proliferation, tectonic magma and formation.
East Tianshan metallogenic area has four metallogenic belts in the space distribution and four stages of evolution correspondingly by time. The four metallogenic belts includes porphyry Cu-polymetallic metallogenic belt, Au-Cu-poly metal sulfide metallogenic belt, Fe(Cu)-Ag-ploymetallic metallogenic belt, and Fe-Pb-Zn-Ag-ploymetallic metallogenic belt in Zhongtianshan district form north to south. The porphyry Cu-polymetallic metallogenic belt is located at the island arc of collage and proliferation which is in the active edge of the butt type of the Junggar and Tarim plate. It is influenced by kangguertage discordogenic fault, its derived fractures, or volcanic apparatus. The metallogenic belt has regular multiple phase mineralizations in geologic period, which is concerned with tectonic-magmatic effects in the stage of subduction-collision, from the late Early Carboniferous to the late Late Carboniferous. The upper mantle and partial melting of oceanic crust were the main metallogenic material sources, and the magmatic hydrothermal fluids and atmospheric precipitation played a key roled in the source of ore-forming fluids. As a result, the porphyry Cu-polymetallic metallogenic belt has a mineralization model relying mainly on magmatic hydrothermal fluid.
3) The ore-prospecting model of integrated information supported by GIS is created in the Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper ore belt, the favorable parts for bonanza ores for Cu-Au anomaly and ore-prospecting targets for geological anomaly are forecasted and determined. This model is the integrated metallogenic space information of geophysics, geochemistry, geology of ore deposits supported by GIS system, and the kernel of it is a regional ore-prospecting, belt marks, deposits and other spatial information signs. The copper prognostic map (E92°00’-93°00’, N42°00’-42°20’), about the under half-size pieces of the Dacaotan chart, has been made by the MAPGIS by analyzing the geological, mineral, geochemical and remote sensing data (1:200000). A total of 15 possible sites of feasible ore-prospecting segments were given after prediction, 13 favorable areas for Cu-Au anomaly were obtained with a total area of 342.67 km2. The result shows that the distribution of geological anomaly ore-prospecting targets is consistent with the feasible and favorable prospecting segments by forecasting.
This paper has 51figures, 23 tables, 148 references.
引文
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