乌尔逊凹陷南部层序地层格架及岩性油气藏成藏规律研究
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摘要
乌南地区位于海拉尔盆地乌尔逊箕状断陷南部,东部以近单斜的形式向巴彦山隆起过渡,西部与嵯岗隆起相连。从成藏条件看,乌南地区油气资源丰富,有效烃源岩面积445km~2,平均厚度365m,乌东斜坡带整体为一单斜,顺向断层发育,同扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲沉积体系配合具有形成构造-岩性、岩性油气藏条件,成藏条件有利。
本论文从乌尔逊断陷勘探的复杂性出发,立足乌南富油洼槽,重点围绕乌东斜坡带,以层序地层学、坡折带分析、成藏动力学理论为指导,通过层序地层建立等时格架,应用3D地震解释、3D可视化、波形聚类和储层反演等技术对乌尔逊断陷的复杂构造、沉积特征、岩性体进行精细解释与刻画,总结断块-岩性、岩性油气藏发育特征、成藏条件与成藏模式,明确了乌南地区油气富集规律,指出勘探主攻方向应由构造油藏向构造-岩性油藏转变,提出一套以层序地层学为基础,纵向细分层、横向精细对比的创新性地震构造精细解释、扇体刻画与储层精细预测的地质-地球物理联合技术系列。
通过系统研究认为:(1)地震资料90°相位转换、地层切片和层拉平技术实现了三维可视化扇体的变地震时窗和小地震时窗等时刻画,解决了等时窗地震属性刻画的穿时问题,使刻画的地质体具有同时代的地质内涵;(2)通过“坡折带”划分和沉积条件分析,首次建立了乌南地区南屯组沉积、成藏模式,认为乌东斜坡带由三级坡折组成,沿二级坡折带发育的辫状河三角洲前缘砂体为最有利油气藏发育区,油源、有利相带以及沟通源岩与储层的运移通道三者间有利匹配是独立复杂生油小洼槽岩性油气藏形成的关键;(3)乌东斜坡带是乌南地区主要的聚油单元,构造-岩性油藏是其主要的油藏类型,油气主要沿“湖泛面、不整合面、断面”分布,既具有“三面”控藏的特征;(4)乌南次凹油气主要通过纵向运移、侧向运移、复式输导三种运移模式由西向东运移,乌东斜坡带主要以侧向运移和复式输导为主;(5)通过对原盆地发育和叠加改造的分析研究,建立了乌南地区南屯组等层序发育期的古构造格架,认为乌东斜坡带南屯组沉积时期古构造面貌控制着盆地的沉积相带、主要物源体系;南屯组末期构造反转改造形成的古背斜控制着油气分布,即多期构造活动形成叠加改造的古地貌控制着油气成藏条件。
研究成果与勘探生产紧密结合,2008-2010年配合部署探井27口中13口获工业油气流,配合部署了17口评价井,整体提交4012.91×104t的石油探明储量,而且还具有剩余3000-4000万吨石油预测储量的潜力。
Wunan lies in the south of Wuerxun half-graben rift of hailaer basin, the east of Wunan area is Bayanshan uplift zone, the west is Cuoguang uplift zone. Wunan area has oil resource in abundance, the area of effective source rock is 445km2, the average thickness of it is 365m. WuDong slope zone is a slope, has consequent fault in abundance, which forming structure- lithology, lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir by the help of fan-delta and braided-riverdelta sedimentary, the reservoir-forming conditions of it is favorable.
This article form the complexity and difficulty of the Wuerxun exploration, focus on the WuDong slope zone, using sequence stratigraphy, slope-break analyse, theories on dynamics of hydrocarbon accumulation, establishing isochronai stratigraphic frame through High-resolution sequence stratigraphic study, using full 3D seismic interpretation, 3D visualization, waveform clustering, reservoir inversion and so on, we accurately interpret and depict the complex structure, sedimentary characteristics and lithosome. We summarize the development characteristics, reservoir forming conditions and hydrocarbon accumulation of fault block-lithologic reservoirs in Wuerxun rift. We ascertain the hydrocarbon enrichment rules of Wunan area. The main directions of oil-gas exploration should change lithologic-structure reservoirs to structure-lithologic reservoirs. We propse a set of geology- geophysics combined techniques which based on the sequence stratigraphic, fine structural interpretation, fan body depiction and fine reservoirs prediction.
By the numbers study, we form the fellows conclusions: (1) Seismic data 90°phase transformation, stratum slice and horizon flattening realize the variable seismic window and small seismic window equitime description of 3D- visualization fan body, resolving the problem of asynchronism. These techniques make the description of geologic body have the geologic synchronism.(2) Through dividing slopebreak belt and analyzing sedimentary features, we establish sedimentation model and oil accumulation model. Wudong slope have three-stage slopebreak belt, the slopebreak belt which control the sedimentary facies and sand body control the distribution of reservoirs, the second stage slopebreak belt is the most favorable area for the formation of subtle oil-gas reservoirs. The beneficial combination of oil sources, beneficial faces and migration pathway which link mother rock and reservoir is the key factor of oil accumulation in small, independent and complex petroleum generative depression. (3) Wudong slope is the main oil-accumulating units of Wunan area, the main reservoirs types is structure-lithologic oil pool, always distribute along unconformity, flood surface and fractured surface,namely“three surfaces control reservoir”.The favorable sedimentary facies control the distribution of oil accumulation. (4) The migration pattern of Wunan sub sag have vertical migration, sideway migration and complex transportation, the migration direction is form west to the west. The main migration pattern of Wudong slope is sideway migration and complex transportation.(5) Through analyzing the growth and reconstruction of original basin, we establish the palaeotectonic framework of Nantun group in Wunan area. During Nantun group deposition period, Palaeogeomorphology control the sedimentary faces and main provenance system. During the later of Nuntun group deposition period, paleo- anticlines which are generated by struchture reverse control the distribution of oil and gas. Palaeogeomorphology reconstructed by the multiphase structure control the
hydrocarbon accumulation. Study results combine with practice, we deploy 27 exploratory well, 13 wells gain commercial oil and gas flow. In 2008, we deploy 17 wells and submit proved reserve 4012.91×10~4t,the residual prognostic reserves is 3000-4000×104t, realize the breakthrough of Wunan lithologic exploration.
本论文从乌尔逊断陷勘探的复杂性出发,立足乌南富油洼槽,重点围绕乌东斜坡带,以层序地层学、坡折带分析、成藏动力学理论为指导,通过层序地层建立等时格架,应用3D地震解释、3D可视化、波形聚类和储层反演等技术对乌尔逊断陷的复杂构造、沉积特征、岩性体进行精细解释与刻画,总结断块-岩性、岩性油气藏发育特征、成藏条件与成藏模式,明确了乌南地区油气富集规律,指出勘探主攻方向应由构造油藏向构造-岩性油藏转变,提出一套以层序地层学为基础,纵向细分层、横向精细对比的创新性地震构造精细解释、扇体刻画与储层精细预测的地质-地球物理联合技术系列。
通过系统研究认为:(1)地震资料90°相位转换、地层切片和层拉平技术实现了三维可视化扇体的变地震时窗和小地震时窗等时刻画,解决了等时窗地震属性刻画的穿时问题,使刻画的地质体具有同时代的地质内涵;(2)通过“坡折带”划分和沉积条件分析,首次建立了乌南地区南屯组沉积、成藏模式,认为乌东斜坡带由三级坡折组成,沿二级坡折带发育的辫状河三角洲前缘砂体为最有利油气藏发育区,油源、有利相带以及沟通源岩与储层的运移通道三者间有利匹配是独立复杂生油小洼槽岩性油气藏形成的关键;(3)乌东斜坡带是乌南地区主要的聚油单元,构造-岩性油藏是其主要的油藏类型,油气主要沿“湖泛面、不整合面、断面”分布,既具有“三面”控藏的特征;(4)乌南次凹油气主要通过纵向运移、侧向运移、复式输导三种运移模式由西向东运移,乌东斜坡带主要以侧向运移和复式输导为主;(5)通过对原盆地发育和叠加改造的分析研究,建立了乌南地区南屯组等层序发育期的古构造格架,认为乌东斜坡带南屯组沉积时期古构造面貌控制着盆地的沉积相带、主要物源体系;南屯组末期构造反转改造形成的古背斜控制着油气分布,即多期构造活动形成叠加改造的古地貌控制着油气成藏条件。
研究成果与勘探生产紧密结合,2008-2010年配合部署探井27口中13口获工业油气流,配合部署了17口评价井,整体提交4012.91×104t的石油探明储量,而且还具有剩余3000-4000万吨石油预测储量的潜力。
Wunan lies in the south of Wuerxun half-graben rift of hailaer basin, the east of Wunan area is Bayanshan uplift zone, the west is Cuoguang uplift zone. Wunan area has oil resource in abundance, the area of effective source rock is 445km2, the average thickness of it is 365m. WuDong slope zone is a slope, has consequent fault in abundance, which forming structure- lithology, lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir by the help of fan-delta and braided-riverdelta sedimentary, the reservoir-forming conditions of it is favorable.
This article form the complexity and difficulty of the Wuerxun exploration, focus on the WuDong slope zone, using sequence stratigraphy, slope-break analyse, theories on dynamics of hydrocarbon accumulation, establishing isochronai stratigraphic frame through High-resolution sequence stratigraphic study, using full 3D seismic interpretation, 3D visualization, waveform clustering, reservoir inversion and so on, we accurately interpret and depict the complex structure, sedimentary characteristics and lithosome. We summarize the development characteristics, reservoir forming conditions and hydrocarbon accumulation of fault block-lithologic reservoirs in Wuerxun rift. We ascertain the hydrocarbon enrichment rules of Wunan area. The main directions of oil-gas exploration should change lithologic-structure reservoirs to structure-lithologic reservoirs. We propse a set of geology- geophysics combined techniques which based on the sequence stratigraphic, fine structural interpretation, fan body depiction and fine reservoirs prediction.
By the numbers study, we form the fellows conclusions: (1) Seismic data 90°phase transformation, stratum slice and horizon flattening realize the variable seismic window and small seismic window equitime description of 3D- visualization fan body, resolving the problem of asynchronism. These techniques make the description of geologic body have the geologic synchronism.(2) Through dividing slopebreak belt and analyzing sedimentary features, we establish sedimentation model and oil accumulation model. Wudong slope have three-stage slopebreak belt, the slopebreak belt which control the sedimentary facies and sand body control the distribution of reservoirs, the second stage slopebreak belt is the most favorable area for the formation of subtle oil-gas reservoirs. The beneficial combination of oil sources, beneficial faces and migration pathway which link mother rock and reservoir is the key factor of oil accumulation in small, independent and complex petroleum generative depression. (3) Wudong slope is the main oil-accumulating units of Wunan area, the main reservoirs types is structure-lithologic oil pool, always distribute along unconformity, flood surface and fractured surface,namely“three surfaces control reservoir”.The favorable sedimentary facies control the distribution of oil accumulation. (4) The migration pattern of Wunan sub sag have vertical migration, sideway migration and complex transportation, the migration direction is form west to the west. The main migration pattern of Wudong slope is sideway migration and complex transportation.(5) Through analyzing the growth and reconstruction of original basin, we establish the palaeotectonic framework of Nantun group in Wunan area. During Nantun group deposition period, Palaeogeomorphology control the sedimentary faces and main provenance system. During the later of Nuntun group deposition period, paleo- anticlines which are generated by struchture reverse control the distribution of oil and gas. Palaeogeomorphology reconstructed by the multiphase structure control the
hydrocarbon accumulation. Study results combine with practice, we deploy 27 exploratory well, 13 wells gain commercial oil and gas flow. In 2008, we deploy 17 wells and submit proved reserve 4012.91×10~4t,the residual prognostic reserves is 3000-4000×104t, realize the breakthrough of Wunan lithologic exploration.
引文
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