新生代太行山南段隆升过程研究
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摘要
太行山地处华北板块西升东降的结合部位,地理位置极其优势,其隆升研究不仅可以极大地丰富地貌形成演化基础理论科学,还可以丰富新生代华北板块地质发展历史的内容,同时也能够与我国一级地貌单元的青藏高原隆升研究遥相辉映、对建立挤压与伸展不同环境下山体形成机制与模式、相互响应,乃至全球地壳演化的研究,具有重大理论意义。对深入认识我国华北地区新构造运动与构造地貌演化、地质灾害发生及分布规律也具有重要的理论意义；对华北地区重点工程建设、首都地区的地质安全以及环境方面都具有重要的现实意义；对旅游资源的规划、开发及其管理提供至关重要的科学依据。
太行山整个山区南北绵延数百公里,跨越近四个纬度、两个经度的范围,流经的河流众多,流经太行山南部的十多条河流,研究较少,关于其两条较大的漳河水系和沁河的研究更是匮乏,而且有关夷平面年代数据几乎没有,这无疑对太行山南部的地文期研究及太行山的隆升过程研究影响较大；再者,太行山南部地貌面变形研究也是一个空白。本文以太行山南段隆升过程作为研究目标,对太行山南部进行研究。
本文运用以地貌面为主、结合相关沉积盆地沉积为辅的方法研究山体隆升这一传统方法,通过对太行山南段地貌面特征、地貌面分布、地貌面变形、地貌面变形时间以及太行山南段周缘盆地形成活动特别是各个地质时期沉积物厚度分析对比,对太行山南段隆升过程作了详细的研究,获得了如下新的认识与进展：明确了太行山南段新生代以来的隆升过程和隆升幅度。认为太行山南段的隆升成山是在中生代末期至始新世之前整个华北乃至更大范围的北台期夷平面基础上发育起来的。将太行山南段新生代隆升过程划分为6个阶段；提出了太行山南段相对差异隆升成山主要发生时期是在太行期夷平而形成之后至产生“U”形谷之前,即古近纪末至上新世早中期的新认识；明确了太行山南段和中段普遍发育的“U”形谷的形成时代为上新世早期,认为与华北山地“U”形谷的形成时代存在差异；认为太行山南段构造地貌的形成是不同区块差异活动的结果。纵向上中部活动剧烈,南北两端次之。横向上具有东侧强西侧弱的特点。构成一个中间上凸的穹形构造形态。
Taihang Mountain is located in the combining site, from which to east, the North China plate drops down; from which to west, the North China plate uplifts.The uplift of Taihang Mountain not only greatly enriches the basic theory of physiognomic evolution science, but also can enriches the history of the Cenozoic geology development of North China Plate. The uplift of Taihang Mountain which in extent condition and the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau which in extrusion condition is of great theoretical significance to the establishment and models of mountain formation mechanism in different environment, to mutual response of either, and to global evolution of the crust.. The uplift of Taihang Mountain is not only of great theoretical significance to new tectonic movement of North China and tectonic landform evolution, and to happening and distribution of geological disasters,but also is of important practical significance to key construction projects and the geological environment in northern China,and can supplies critical scientific basis to planning, development and management of tourism resources within it.
Taihang Mountains is long of hundreds miles, spans nearly four latitude, two longitude. Many river flows through the southern Taihang Mountains. Studing on the rivers is less, especially on the two large water system (Zhanghe water system and Qinhe water system), and the ages of planation surfaces almost have no data.This is of greatly influence on the research to physiographic period and the uplift process of the southern Taihang Mountains; Moreover, the landscape surface deformation in the southern Taihang Mountains is almost a blank. In this paper, as the research objective of the uplift process of the southern Taihang Mountains, studies on the southern Taihang Mountains.
In this paper, by the traditional method of mountain uplift, mainly according to topographic surfaces, combining with associated sedimentary basin, studing the topographic characteristic, distribution and deformation time of the southern Taihang Mountains, studing the margin of basin formation in the various geological periods,and from this, particular researching the process of the uplifting of it.There are cognition and headway as follows:ascertain the uplifting stages and scapes of the Southern Taihang since Cenozoic. Thinking that the uplifting of it is developed from the planation surfacea of Beitai which formed from the end of Mesozoic to Eocene. The uplifting process of it in Cenozoic is divided into six stages; and proposing that uplifting of it relative differently occurs mainly from ending of forming of the Taihang planation surface to beginning of producing "U" shaped valley,or from the end of the Paleogene to early and middle of Pliocene; ensuring that the "U" shaped valley developed in the middle and Southern of Taihang Mountains generally formed in the Early Pliocene, and this is different from the forming time of the "U" shaped valley in the rest area of the North China Mountains; thinking that the formation of tectonic landforms in the southern Taihang Mountains is the result of activities between different blocks. Thinking that the activity in the middle of the southern Taihang Mountains is more intense than that's of two ends of it in lengthways, and the activity in the west side of it is more intense than that's of the east of it. So forming convex domed shape in geomorphology in the Southern Taihang Mountain.
太行山整个山区南北绵延数百公里,跨越近四个纬度、两个经度的范围,流经的河流众多,流经太行山南部的十多条河流,研究较少,关于其两条较大的漳河水系和沁河的研究更是匮乏,而且有关夷平面年代数据几乎没有,这无疑对太行山南部的地文期研究及太行山的隆升过程研究影响较大；再者,太行山南部地貌面变形研究也是一个空白。本文以太行山南段隆升过程作为研究目标,对太行山南部进行研究。
本文运用以地貌面为主、结合相关沉积盆地沉积为辅的方法研究山体隆升这一传统方法,通过对太行山南段地貌面特征、地貌面分布、地貌面变形、地貌面变形时间以及太行山南段周缘盆地形成活动特别是各个地质时期沉积物厚度分析对比,对太行山南段隆升过程作了详细的研究,获得了如下新的认识与进展：明确了太行山南段新生代以来的隆升过程和隆升幅度。认为太行山南段的隆升成山是在中生代末期至始新世之前整个华北乃至更大范围的北台期夷平面基础上发育起来的。将太行山南段新生代隆升过程划分为6个阶段；提出了太行山南段相对差异隆升成山主要发生时期是在太行期夷平而形成之后至产生“U”形谷之前,即古近纪末至上新世早中期的新认识；明确了太行山南段和中段普遍发育的“U”形谷的形成时代为上新世早期,认为与华北山地“U”形谷的形成时代存在差异；认为太行山南段构造地貌的形成是不同区块差异活动的结果。纵向上中部活动剧烈,南北两端次之。横向上具有东侧强西侧弱的特点。构成一个中间上凸的穹形构造形态。
Taihang Mountain is located in the combining site, from which to east, the North China plate drops down; from which to west, the North China plate uplifts.The uplift of Taihang Mountain not only greatly enriches the basic theory of physiognomic evolution science, but also can enriches the history of the Cenozoic geology development of North China Plate. The uplift of Taihang Mountain which in extent condition and the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau which in extrusion condition is of great theoretical significance to the establishment and models of mountain formation mechanism in different environment, to mutual response of either, and to global evolution of the crust.. The uplift of Taihang Mountain is not only of great theoretical significance to new tectonic movement of North China and tectonic landform evolution, and to happening and distribution of geological disasters,but also is of important practical significance to key construction projects and the geological environment in northern China,and can supplies critical scientific basis to planning, development and management of tourism resources within it.
Taihang Mountains is long of hundreds miles, spans nearly four latitude, two longitude. Many river flows through the southern Taihang Mountains. Studing on the rivers is less, especially on the two large water system (Zhanghe water system and Qinhe water system), and the ages of planation surfaces almost have no data.This is of greatly influence on the research to physiographic period and the uplift process of the southern Taihang Mountains; Moreover, the landscape surface deformation in the southern Taihang Mountains is almost a blank. In this paper, as the research objective of the uplift process of the southern Taihang Mountains, studies on the southern Taihang Mountains.
In this paper, by the traditional method of mountain uplift, mainly according to topographic surfaces, combining with associated sedimentary basin, studing the topographic characteristic, distribution and deformation time of the southern Taihang Mountains, studing the margin of basin formation in the various geological periods,and from this, particular researching the process of the uplifting of it.There are cognition and headway as follows:ascertain the uplifting stages and scapes of the Southern Taihang since Cenozoic. Thinking that the uplifting of it is developed from the planation surfacea of Beitai which formed from the end of Mesozoic to Eocene. The uplifting process of it in Cenozoic is divided into six stages; and proposing that uplifting of it relative differently occurs mainly from ending of forming of the Taihang planation surface to beginning of producing "U" shaped valley,or from the end of the Paleogene to early and middle of Pliocene; ensuring that the "U" shaped valley developed in the middle and Southern of Taihang Mountains generally formed in the Early Pliocene, and this is different from the forming time of the "U" shaped valley in the rest area of the North China Mountains; thinking that the formation of tectonic landforms in the southern Taihang Mountains is the result of activities between different blocks. Thinking that the activity in the middle of the southern Taihang Mountains is more intense than that's of two ends of it in lengthways, and the activity in the west side of it is more intense than that's of the east of it. So forming convex domed shape in geomorphology in the Southern Taihang Mountain.
引文
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